Capacity-building in the negotiations

Capacity-building Frameworks
PCCB

In 2001, COP 7 launched two frameworks guiding capacity-building (2/CP.7 and 3/CP.7), one dedicated to developing counties and the other dedicated to countries with economies in transition (EITs). The frameworks aim to enable these countries to implement the provisions of the Convention and effectively participate in the Kyoto Protocol process. In 2005, Parties to the Kyoto Protocol decided that the two frameworks were also applicable to the implementation of the Protocol.

Although the frameworks are similar in structure and substance, they differ in several details. The following figure provides an overview of common elements and specific provisions.

Credit: UNFCCC

Monitoring and Reviewing Capacity-building Frameworks

The Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), regularly monitors and reviews progress on the implementation of the frameworks for capacity-building in developing countries and countries with economies in transition (EITs), contained in decisions 2/CP.7 and 3/CP.7, and forwards draft decisions to the Conference of the Parties (COP) and the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP), for their consideration and adoption, as appropriate.

The reviews involve a variety of actors. Parties report on progress they have made on capacity-building activities in their national communications submitted to the UNFCCC secretariat. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and United Nations agencies also submit information to the secretariat on capacity-building. The secretariat compiles and synthesizes all this information into reports that help serve the reviews, which take place during UN climate change conferences.

Reviews of the implementation of the capacity-building framework in developing countries

At COP 25, Parties requested the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to initiate the fifth comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework under the Convention at its sixty-second session (2025) with a view to the Conference of the Parties concluding it at its thirty-first session (2025).

Year	Decision	Title
2024	Decision 11/CP.29	Terms of reference for the fifth comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries under the Convention
2021	Decision 5/CMP.16	Fourth comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries under the Kyoto Protocol
2019	Decision 10/CP.25	Fourth comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries under the Convention
2016	Decision 16/CP.22 Decision 6/CMP.12	Third comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries
2011	Decision 13/CP.17 Decision 15/CMP.7	Second comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries
2004	Decision 2/CP.10	First comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries

Reviews of the implementation of the capacity-building framework in countries with economies in transition (EITs)

At COP 26, Parties requested the SBI to initiate the sixth comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs at its sixty-fourth session (2026) with a view to the Conference of the Parties concluding it at its thirty-second session (2026).

Year	Decision	Title
2021	Decisions 13/CP.26 and 6/CMP.16	Fifth comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs
2017	Decision 17/CP.23 and 4/CMP.13	Fourth comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs
2012	Decision 21/CP.18 and 11/CMP.8	Third comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs
2007	Conclusion FCCC/SBI/2007/L.27	Second comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs
2004	Decision 3/CP.10	First comprehensive review of the implementation of the capacity-building framework for EITs

Established at COP 21 in 2015 (1/CP.21, para. 71), the Paris Committee on Capacity-building (PCCB) addresses current and emerging gaps and needs in implementing and further enhancing capacity-building in developing countries. In 2019, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA) decided that the PCCB shall also serve the Paris Agreement.

The COP also decided that at its twenty-fifth session, to review the progress, the need for extension, the effectiveness and enhancement of the PCCB, and take any action it considers appropriate.

The second review of the progress of the PCCB took place in 2024 at COP 29. COP 29 also requested the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to initiate at its sixty-eighth session (2028) the preparation of the terms of reference for the third review of the PCCB with a view to recommending a decision for consideration and adoption by the Conference of the Parties at its thirty-third session (2028).

Year	Decision	Title
2024	Decision 12/CP.29	Second review of the Paris Committee on Capacity-building
2019	Decision 9/CP.25	Review of the Paris Committee on Capacity-building
2019	Decision 3/CMA.2	Initial institutional arrangements for capacity-building under the Paris Agreement
2016	Decision 2/CP.22	Adopted terms of reference for the Paris Committee on Capacity-building
2015	Decision 1/CP.21	Adoption of the Paris Agreement