The 2015 Paris Agreement, Article 7 established the global goal on adaptation of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change, with a view to contributing to sustainable development and ensuring an adequate adaptation response in the context of the temperature goal referred to in Article 2..

To better understand, conceptualize and ultimately achieve this goal, the countries that were signatories to the Paris Agreement (collectively, the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement, or the CMA) launched the Glasgow-Sharm el-Sheikh work programme on the global goal on adaptation at COP 26 in Glasgow in 2021, to be carried out by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI).

At CMA 4, Parties initiated the development of a framework for the global goal on adaptation, to guide the achievement of the global goal on adaptation and the review of overall progress in achieving it with a view to reducing the increasing adverse impacts, risks and vulnerabilities associated with climate change, as well as enhance adaptation action and support.  The development of the framework, and in particular the discussion on targets for the global goal was a major focus area of the work programme throughout 2023.

At CMA 5, Parties adopted the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience, as part of the UAE Consensus.  The framework includes a range of thematic and dimensional targets for climate adaptation and resilience.

CMA 5 also established a two-year UAE – Belém work programme, on the development of indicators for measuring progress achieved towards the targets outlined in the framework, and Parties provided guidance on the structure and modalities of the work programme at SB 60.