Human mobility, including migration, displacement and planned relocation

Strategic workstream (d) of the current five-year workplan of the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) Executive Committee (ExCom) focuses on enhancing cooperation and facilitation in relation to human mobility, including migration, displacement and planned relocation.

The Task Force on Displacement (TFD) helps execute the work of the WIM ExCom in guiding the implementation of the Warsaw International Mechanism in an advisory role.

  • Technical session entitled human mobility in adaptation and loss and damage at the 2025 NAP Expo focusing on how countries can address issues of human mobility in their NAPs and how countries can promote coherence with efforts to address loss and damage.  

  • Technical session on integrating human mobility into NAPs  at the 2024 NAP Expo to highlight how integrating mobility considerations can contribute to adaptation strategies, and specifically how NAPs can be used in enhancing action. 

  • Side event at COP 25 (December 2019) on moving forward together: averting, minimizing and addressing displacement - the second phase of the Task Force on Displacement.

  • Side event at COP 24 (December 2018) on recommendations of the Task Force on Displacement, and  

  • The report of the stakeholder meeting of the Task Force on Displacement, held in May 2018, as part of preparation of the recommendations.  

Knowledge products published by the WIM ExCom on human mobility: 

  • Technical guide on accessing financial resources aiming to avert, minimize and address the impacts of displacement associated with the adverse effects of climate change.  

  • Technical guide on Integrating Human Mobility and Climate Change Linkages into Relevant National Climate Change Planning Processes. 

  • For activities and outputs on human mobility by the WIM ExCom that pre-date the establishment of the TFD in 2015, see action area 6 under the WIM ExCom’s initial two-year workplan, here.  

Task-Force-on-Displacement

The Task Force on Displacement (TFD) was established in 2015 at COP 21, to develop recommendations for integrated approaches to avert, minimize and address displacement related to the adverse impacts of climate change (Decision 1/CP.21) with its mandate later extended at the recommendation by the Executive Committee of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage (WIM ExCom) in 2018.

The current work of the TFD focuses more broadly to support strategic workstream (d) of the current five-year rolling workplan of the ExCom, which aims to enhance cooperation and facilitation in relation to human mobility, including migration, displacement and planned relocation.

Through an inclusive approach, the Task Force on Displacement complements, draws upon the work of, and involves, as appropriate, existing bodies and expert groups under the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement, as well as relevant organizations and expert bodies outside the Convention.

Wheel
Credit: UN Climate Change

In fulfilling its mandate during the first phase of implementation to provide a comprehensive assessment of broader issues of displacement related to climate change, the Task Force on Displacement engaged in technical work on the following themes:

  • Policy/Practice – National/Subnational
  • Policy – International/Regional
  • Data and assessment
  • Framing and linkages

As a result, the COP, at its 24th session, adopted a set of recommendations on integrated approaches to averting, minimizing and addressing displacement related to the adverse impacts of climate change, presented by the WIM ExCom in its annual report (2018).

Phase 1 (June 2017 – April 2017)
Credit: UN Climate Change

For more information related to results of the implementation of the first phase workplan, click here.

Since April 2019, the Task Force on Displacement began its second phase of implementation with the new terms of reference. The Task Force on Displacement’s Second Plan of Action (2019 – 2021), builds upon the activities under strategic workstream (d) of the WIM ExCom as well as the recommendations arising from the outcomes of its first phase of implementation. This Plan of Action was subsequently approved by the WIM ExCom in October 2019. For more information related to the implementation of the second phase Plan of Action, click here.

In its third phase the work of the TFD focuses more broadly on strategic workstream (d) of the current five-year rolling workplan of the ExCom, which aims to enhance cooperation and facilitation in relation to human mobility, including migration, displacement and planned relocation.

The TFD implements its third Plan of Action adopted in September 2022.

The TFD is currently implementing its fourth Plan of Action (October 2025−October 2027), which was endorsed by the WIM ExCom at ExCom 23 (2025). The PoA identifies priority actions that support the implementation of the WIM ExCom’s work related to human mobility associated with the impacts of climate change. Outputs under this PoA are intended to:  

  • enhance knowledge and understanding of loss and damage associated with human mobility, including migration, displacement and planned relocation,  

  • enhance accessibility of the technical guides developed by the TFD, and   

  • enhance the uptake and application of existing resources on human mobility under the WIM, and knowledge products that are tailored to specific national and local contexts and user groups. 

Technical-Guide-on-Human-Mobility-B

Technical guide on integrating human mobility and climate change linkages into relevant national climate change planning processes provides stakeholders with operational information and tools.

It also serves as a supplement to the UNFCCC’s National Adaptation Plans: Technical Guidelines produced by the Least Developed Countries Expert Group. Designed as a step-by-step resource, the guide outlines key steps for mainstreaming human mobility into NAPs and can be adapted and applied to specific contexts and institutional needs.

 

 

Explore the Technical Guide

Tides of Change 5 - Ch 1 HM TG
Credit: UN Climate Change

Confused by technical terms? Dive into the glossary:

  • Key climate change related terminology >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)

  • Key human mobility related terminology >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
Hawa_Ch 2 HM TG
Credit: UN Climate Change

What are the links between human mobility and climate change?

  • How are human mobility and climate change linked? >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • Why does human mobility matter for adaptation and climate-resilient development >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
All that we have All which can be lost_Ch 3 HM TG
Credit: UN Climate Change

How can human mobility be effectively integrated into NAPs?

  • How to mainstream human mobility into NAPs? >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • What are the options for mainstreaming human mobility in the national adaptation process? >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • What are the key steps for mainstreaming human mobility into the NAP formulation process? >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • National coordination and institutional arrangements strengthened, and knowledge gaps are identified >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • Evidence and knowledge base on climate change and adaptation strengthened, and NAPs formulated >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • NAP implementation strategy developed >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • Mechanisms for reporting, monitoring and review of NAPs and adaptation progress in place >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
Moving on Boats_Ch 4 HM TG
Credit: UN Climate Change

What are some examples of countries that integrated human mobility into their NAPs, and how did they do it?

  • Examples of mainstreaming human mobility into the NAP:
    • The Republic of Marshall Islands mainstreamed human mobility in its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • The Republic of Pakistan mainstreamed human mobility in its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • The Republic of Ethiopia mainstreamed human mobility in its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
    • The Republic of the Philippines mainstreamed human mobility in its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • Sectoral adaptation plan for water management: 
    • The Republic of Uzbekistan integrated human mobility into its Sectoral Adaptation Plan for Water Management >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • Example of integrating human mobility into all parts of NAP:
    • The Republic of Moldova integrated human mobility into all parts of its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)
  • Example of covering human mobility in a dedicated chapter of NAP:
    • Ecuador covers human mobility in a dedicated chapter of its NAP >>> (Español >>> and Русский >>>)

Download the full Technical Guide here (versión en español aquí and pусская версия здесь).