Notes on GHG data

General

The GHG data interface includes GHG data received by the UNFCCC secretariat as of 22 March 2024.
Data displayed on the data interface are "as received" from Parties. The publication of Party submissions on this website does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the UNFCCC or the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries as may be referred to in any of the submissions.
The reporting and review requirements for GHG inventories are different for Annex I and non-Annex I Parties. Annex I Parties report their GHG inventories annually by 15 April, whereas non-Annex I GHG data are reported in national communications and biennial update reports, which are submitted at different points in time.
The long dash (---) means that data is not available.

GHG data - UNFCCC

As per decisions 9/CP.2 and 11/CP.4, some of the Parties are allowed to use a base year other than 1990. These Parties and their base years are: Bulgaria (1988), Hungary (average of 1985-1987), Poland (1988), Romania (1989) and Slovenia (1986).
Annex I Parties report GHG data in the common reporting format (CRF) tables. The CRF data prepared using the CRF Reporter are readily available for import into the UNFCCC data warehouse. Non-Annex I Parties however do not use the CRF Reporter software because of the difference in reporting requirements and therefore the GHG data reported by non-Annex I Parties need to be processed manually before the data reported can be imported into the UNFCCC data warehouse and displayed as part of the GHG data interface.
Some of the source categories under the industrial processes sector have unique country specific activity data depending on the national circumstances. For such source category, the data interface does not provide description of activity data and is noted by the generic term 'activity data'. However, the details on the description of the activity data can be found in the CRF tables reported by the respective Parties.
The definition format of data for emissions/removals from the forestry sector is different for Annex I and non-Annex I Parties. For Annex I Parties, the sector is called Land Use, Land-use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) whereas for non-Annex I Parties, it is called Land-use Change and Forestry (LUCF). These two definitions are close but not equivalent.
Emission estimates of the 27 member States of the European Union are reported separately from those of its individual member States. These estimates are not included in the Annex I total to avoid double counting.
The “Total GHG emissions with LULUCF including indirect CO₂” and “Total GHG emissions without LULUCF including indirect CO₂” for the Annex I, Annex I EIT and Annex I non-EIT are calculated by adding the indirect CO₂ emissions as reported by individual Parties to the “Total GHG emissions with LULUCF” and “Total GHG emissions without LULUCF” respectively.
In line with decision 6/CP.27, some Parties opted to use the GWPs listed in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to calculate GHG gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in CO2 equivalent. These Parties are: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. The remaining Parties continued to use the GWPs listed in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report in accordance with decision 24/CP.19.
The 2023 GHG inventory submission by Australia includes the CRT and NIR made under the Paris Agreement. Due to the differences in the current reporting format under the Convention, the data interface reflects the data contained in Australia’s GHG inventory submission on 16 September 2022.
The GHG inventory submitted by Sierra Leone for the period 1990-2005 appears to contain technical errors, especially for the Agriculture and LUCF sectors. Therefore, information from this inventory is currently not included in the data interface.
Chile reported CO2 emissions for the agriculture sector: 203.4 Gg for 1990, 241.7 Gg for 1994, 366.5 Gg for 2000, 470.1 Gg for 2010, 509.3 Gg for 2013, 445.4 Gg for 2016, and 440.8 Gg for 2018. These values are included in the national total GHG emissions but could however not be displayed separately for the agriculture sector's CO2 emissions. In addition, Chile reported NOx emissions for the category 4.D Agricultural soils in the agriculture sector: 1.8 Gg for 1990, 2.1 Gg for 1994, 2.2 Gg for 2000, 3.6 Gg for 2010, 2.4 Gg for 2013, 2.8 Gg for 2016, and 3.1 Gg for 2018. These values are included in the national total NOx emissions but could however not be displayed separately for 4.D Agricultural soils’ NOx emissions.
Papua New Guinea reported CO2 emissions for the agriculture sector: 1903 Gg for 2000. This value is included in the national total GHG emissions but could however not be displayed separately for the agriculture sector's CO2 emissions.
Mozambique reported CO2 emissions for the agriculture sector: 3 Gg for 1994, 13 Gg for 2000, 39 Gg for 2005, 37 Gg for 2010, 43 Gg for 2012, 49 Gg for 2014, 45 Gg for 2016. These values are included in the national total GHG emissions but could however not be displayed separately for the agriculture sector's CO2 emissions.
Some non-Annex I Parties submitted their GHG inventory data using the format of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines in reporting GHG emissions/removals. For this reason, these data could not be included in the data interface. However, the data are available in the national communications (Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Colombia, Cuba, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Jordan, Kuwait, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Lesotho, Malaysia, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Panama, Paraguay, Oman, Republic of Moldova, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Zambia and Zimbabwe) and biennial update reports (Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos Peoples Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Suriname, Tajikistan, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uruguay, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, and Zambia).
The UNFCCC data interface contains some data on country area, population and gross domestic product (GDP), which are shown to illustrate the national context for GHG emissions/removals. The source of the population data is the UNSD Demographic Statistics but data are accessed through the Common Database of the United Nations Statistics Division; the source of the GDP data (at market prices, constant 2015 US$) is the World Bank. These data are displayed on the GHG data interface with the kind permission of the United Nations and the World Bank; the United Nations and the World Bank have regulations concerning the use of their data and these organizations must be consulted before downloading population and GDP data for further use. The country area data is taken from the Statistical Database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

KP data - UNFCCC

Under the Kyoto Protocol, Annex I Parties that are also Parties to the Kyoto Protocol with commitments inscribed in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Parties) should submit a national GHG inventory, as required under the Convention, as well as supplementary information on its implementation of the Kyoto Protocol that covers the Party's holdings and transactions of Kyoto Protocol units (for the previous year), and emissions and removals from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, of the Kyoto Protocol.
For the first commitment period, information is presented for 37 Annex B Parties. For the second commitment period, information is presented for 35 Annex B Parties that have ratified the Doha Amendment. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have not ratified the Doha Amendment.
For the first commitment period, data presented on the data interface are based on the information reported and reviewed after the first commitment period and the additional period for fulfilling commitments (true-up period).
For the second commitment period, data presented on the data interface are based on the latest 2023 submissions of annual GHG inventory and transactions and holdings of Kyoto Protocol units as at 22 March 2024.
For the first commitment period, data of the European Union (15) are included in the calculation of the totals for Annex B groups (i.e. Annex B and Annex B non-EIT), and data of individual member States are excluded, to avoid double counting.
For the second commitment period, data reported by the European Union are included in the calculation of the totals for Annex B groups, and in order to avoid double counting, data of the 27 member States, Iceland and the United Kingdom have been excluded.
For the second commitment period, the assigned amount of the EU (15,813,089,338 t CO2 eq) is the difference between (1) the joint assigned amount of the EU, its member States and Iceland, equaling 80 per cent of their base-year emissions as inscribed in the third column of Annex B in the Doha Amendment, multiplied by eight (37,604,433,280 t CO2 eq), and (2) the sum of the individual assigned amounts of the 27 member States, Iceland and the United Kingdom (21,791,343,942 t CO2 eq) determined in line with the terms of the joint fulfillment agreement.
Kazakhstan did not include the KP-LULUCF information and the SEF tables in their 2022 GHG inventory submission, nor the SEF tables in their 2023 GHG inventory submission, hence these data are not available for Kazakhstan in the data interface.