The in-session workshop on the current state of scientific knowledge on how to enhance the adaptation of agriculture to climate change impacts while promoting rural development, sustainable development and productivity of agricultural systems and food security in all countries, particularly in developing countries, was organized on 12 November 2013, during the thirty-ninth session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA). In the presentations and discussions, workshop participants highlighted the importance of the consideration of climate change impacts on agriculture and food security, in the context of adaptation, economic growth and sustainable development, while taking into account the diversity of agricultural systems and possible adaptation co-benefits. They also highlighted the interlinkages between adaptation and the need for further advancing the scientific knowledge in the agriculture sector, taking into consideration financing, technology transfer and capacity-building needs, as well as enhanced cooperation, the sharing of experiences and the exchanging of information. Parties considered that the work of the SBSTA on agriculture, in accordance with the principles and provisions of the Convention, could play an important role in providing Parties with an opportunity to share information on adaptation practices and approaches, and explore ways to apply relevant scientific knowledge in agricultural adaptation and acquire new knowledge.