More frequent and extreme weather events, combined with a slow onset sea level rise and increasing salinity, threatens fisheries and aquaculture installations along coastal shorelines. Similarly, such events cause more frequent droughts and floods, modifying soil erosion and siltation processes, thus causing major negative changes in rivers and water bodies. All innovations that (i) enhance the management of coastal and inland fishery and aquaculture ecosystems and (ii) increase efficiency by sustainably intensifying production, using better integrated systems, improving stocks and reducing losses from disease, will increase productivity. Diversification of livelihoods to reduce the impact of yield variability, flexible capture strategies to allow for change in fish distribution, weather warning systems to reduce dangers of fishing and new physical or biological defenses to alleviate sea level change and storm surges will enhance resilience to climate change. Other examples include improved farm siting and weather forecasting to reduce the impact of increased extreme weather events, selective breeding and genetic improvements to counteract the impact of global warming and increased diseases, and short cycle production and water sharing systems for greater incidence of drought.