Information on Data Sources

The GHG data displayed on the UNFCCC website are data from official submissions of GHG emissions/removals data by countries that are Parties to the Climate Change Convention. Data displayed on the data interface are "as received" from Parties. The publication of Party submissions on this website does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the UNFCCC or the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries as may be referred to in any of the submissions.

The original version of the data as submitted by Parties are available on the UNFCCC website at the following links:

For Annex I Parties, the latest submissions of 2023 GHG data can be found here
For non-Annex I Parties, the sources of GHG data are the national communications and the biennial update reports; the list of submitted communications can be found here, and the list of submitted biennial update reports can be found here. Some non-Annex I Parties have also made separate GHG data submissions to the UNFCCC secretariat; such submissions are available here.

The UNFCCC data interface also contains data on population and gross domestic product (GDP). These data are displayed on the GHG data interface with kind permission of the United Nations and the World Bank, which are the primary sources of these data. They have certain policies in place concerning the use of their data and these organizations must be consulted before downloading population and GDP data for further use.

For population data, the source is the UNSD Demographic Statistics accessible through the Common Database of the United Nations.
For GDP data (at market prices, constant 2010 US$), the primary source is the World Bank.

Sources and availability of GHG data for Annex I Parties

Party	Data source(s)	Data availability by year
Australia	GHG inventory submission of 2022 Submission date: 16 Sep 2022	1990-2020
Austria	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Belarus	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Belgium	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Bulgaria	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 12 Apr 2023	1988 (base year), 1990-2021
Canada	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Croatia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Cyprus	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 10 May 2023	1990-2021
Czechia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 26 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Denmark	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Estonia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
European Union	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 15 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Finland	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 12 Apr 2023	1990-2021
France	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 25 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Germany	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 26 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Greece	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Hungary	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 15 Apr 2023	1985-87 (base year), 1990-2021
Iceland	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 15 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Ireland	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Italy	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 12 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Japan	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 21 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Kazakhstan	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 15 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Latvia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 12 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Liechtenstein	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Lithuania	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 5 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Luxembourg	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Malta	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 30 Mar 2023	1990-2021
Monaco	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 11 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Netherlands	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
New Zealand	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 25 May 2023	1990-2021
Norway	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 15 Mar 2023	1990-2021
Poland	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 28 Mar 2023	1988 (base year), 1990-2021
Portugal	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 24 Oct 2023	1990-2021
Romania	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 6 Apr 2023	1989 (base year), 1990-2021
Russian Federation	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 16 Sep 2023	1990-2021
Slovakia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Slovenia	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 12 Apr 2023	1986 (base year), 1990-2021
Spain	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Sweden	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 6 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Switzerland	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 13 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Türkiye	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
Ukraine	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 18 May 2023	1990-2021
United Kingdom	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021
United States	GHG inventory submission of 2023 Submission date: 14 Apr 2023	1990-2021

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Sources and availability of GHG data for non-Annex I Parties

Note: Data availability for CO₂, CH₄, N₂O is meant in this table; data availability for HFCs, PFCs and SF₆ varies considerably from Party to Party.

Party	Data source	Data availability by year ^a
Afghanistan	NC1 (2013) NC2 (2019)	2005 2013
Albania	NC2 (2009) NC3 (2016)	1990-1999 2000-2009
Algeria	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010)	1994 2000
Angola	NC1 (2012)	2000, 2005
Antigua and Barbuda	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2011)	1990 2000
Argentina	NC2 (2008) NC3 (2015) BUR1 (2015)	1990, 1994, 1997, 2000 2012 2010
Armenia	NC2 (2010) NC3 (2014)	1990 2000, 2006, 2010
Azerbaijan	NC3 (2016) BUR1 (2015) BUR2 (2019)	1990, 2000, 2005-2012 1991, 1999, 2001-2004 2013
Bahamas	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2015)	1990, 1994 2000
Bahrain	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2012)	1994 2000
Bangladesh	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2012)	1994 2001, 2005
Barbados	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2018)	1990, 1994, 1997 2000-2010
Belize	NC1 (2002) NC3 (2016)	1994 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009
Benin	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2011)	1995 2000
Bhutan	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2021)	1994 2000 2015
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2009)	1990, 1994, 1998, 2000 2002, 2004
Bosnia and Herzegovina	NC1 (2010) NC2 (2013) NC3 (2017) BUR2 (2017)	1990 1991-2001 2002-2013 2014
Botswana	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2013) BUR1 (2019)	1994 2000 2015
Brazil	BUR4 (2020)	1990-2016
Brunei Darussalam	NC1 (2016)	2010
Burkina Faso	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2015) BUR1 (2021)	1994 2007 2008-2017
Burundi	NC1 (2001) NC3 (2019)	1998 2005, 2010, 2015
Cambodia	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2016)	1994 2000
Cameroon	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2016)	1994 2000
Cape Verde	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2011)	1995 2000
Central African Republic	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2015)	1994 2003-2010
Chad	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2013) NC3 (2021)	1993 1998-2003 2010
Chile	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2011) BUR4 (2021)	1993 2006 1990, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2018
China	NC1 (2004) NC3 (2019) BUR1 (2017) BUR2 (2019)	1994 2010 2012 2005, 2014
Colombia	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010)	1990, 1994 2000, 2004
Comoros	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2013)	1994 2000
Congo	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2009)	1994 2000
Cook Islands	NC1 (1999)	1994
Costa Rica	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2009)	1990, 1996 2000, 2005
Côte d'Ivoire	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010)	1994 2000
Cuba	NC2 (2015)	1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	NC2 (2013)	1990, 1994, 2000, 2002
Democratic Republic of the Congo	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2009)	1994 1999-2003
Djibouti	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
Dominica	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2012) NC3 (2020)	1994 2000-2005 2006-2017
Dominican Republic	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2009) NC3 (2017)	1990, 1994 1998, 2000 2010
Ecuador	NC2 (2012) NC3 (2017) BUR1 (2016) BUR1 (2017)	1990, 1994, 2000, 2006 2012 2010 2010
Egypt	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2016)	1990 2000 2005
El Salvador	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2013)	1994 2005
Eritrea	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2012)	1994-1999 2000
Eswatini	NC1 (2002)	1994
Ethiopia	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2016)	1990-1993 1994-2013
Fiji	NC1 (2006) NC2 (2014)	1994 2004
Gabon	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2011)	1994 2000
Gambia	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2013)	1993 2000
Georgia	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2009) NC3 (2016) NC4 (2021) BUR1 (2016)	1991-1997 2000-2005 2006-2009 1990, 2017 2010-2013
Ghana	NC2 (2011)	1990-2006
Grenada	NC1 (2000)	1994
Guatemala	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2016)	1990 1994, 2000, 2005
Guinea	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2018)	1994 2000
Guinea-Bissau	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2018)	1994 2006 2010
Guyana	NC2 (2012)	1990-2004
Haiti	NC2 (2013)	1994-2000
Honduras	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2012) NC3 (2020)	1995 2000 2005, 2015
India	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2012) BUR1 (2016) BUR3 (2021)	1994 2000 2010 2016
Indonesia	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2011)	1990-1994 2000
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2011)	1994 2000
Iraq	NC1 (2015)	1997
Israel	GHG Inventory (2023)	1996, 2000, 2003-2021
Jamaica	NC1 (2000) NC3 (2019)	1994 2006-2012
Jordan	NC1 (1997) NC2 (2009) NC3 (2014) BUR2 (2021)	1994 2000 2006 2016
Kenya	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2015)	1994 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
Kiribati	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2013)	1994 2004-2008
Kuwait	NC1 (2012) BUR1 (2019)	1994 2016
Kyrgyzstan	NC3 (2017)	1990-2010
Lao People's Democratic Republic	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2013)	1990 2000
Lebanon	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2016) BUR1 (2015) BUR2 (2017)	1994 2000 2012 2011 2013
Lesotho	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2013)	1994 2000
Liberia	NC1 (2013) NC2 (2021)	2000 2014
Madagascar	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2017)	1994 2000 2005-2010
Malawi	NC1 (2003)	1990, 1994
Malaysia	BUR1 (2016)	1990-2011
Maldives	NC1 (2001) BUR1 (2019)	1994 2011-2015
Mali	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2012) NC3 (2018)	1995 2000 2010
Marshall Islands	NC2 (2015)	2000, 2005, 2010
Mauritania	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2008)	1995 2000
Mauritius	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2017)	1995 2000-2005 2006, 2013
Mexico	BUR1 (2015)	1990-2013
Micronesia (Federated States of)	NC1 (1997) NC2 (2015)	1994 2000
Mongolia	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010)	1990-1998 2006
Montenegro	NC2 (2015)	1990-2011
Morocco	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2016)	1994 2000 2004-2006, 2008, 2010,2012
Mozambique	NC2 (2022) - BUR1 (2022)	1990, 1994, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016
Myanmar	NC1 (2012)	2000-2005
Namibia	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2011)	1994 2000
Nauru	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2015)	1994 2000, 2003, 2007, 2010
Nepal	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2015)	1994 2000
Nicaragua	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2011)	1994 2000
Niger	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2009) NC3 (2017)	1990 2000 2008
Nigeria	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
Niue	NC2 (2016)	1994, 2000, 2005-2009
North Macedonia	NC2 (2009) NC3 (2014)	1990-2002 2003-2009
Oman	NC1 (2013)	1994
Pakistan	NC2 (2019)	1994, 2008, 2012, 2015
Palau	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2019)	1994 2000, 2005
Panama	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2012)	1994 2000
Papua New Guinea	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2015)	1994 2000
Paraguay	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2017) BUR1 (2015) BUR2 (2018) BUR3 (2021)	1990 2000 1994, 2005, 2012 2011 2015 2017
Peru	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2016) BUR1 (2014)	1994 2000 2012 2010
Philippines	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
Qatar	NC1 (2011)	2007
Republic of Korea	BUR4 (2021)	1990-2018
Republic of Moldova	BUR1 (2016)	1990-2013
Rwanda	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2012)	2002 2005
Saint Kitts and Nevis	NC1 (2001)	1994
Saint Lucia	NC1 (2001) NC3 (2017)	1994 2000, 2005, 2010
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2016)	1990, 1994, 1997 2000, 2004
Samoa	NC1 (1999)	1994
San Marino	NC1 (2009) NC3 (2013)	2007 2010
São Tomé and Príncipe	NC3 (2019)	1998, 2005, 2012
Saudi Arabia	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2011) NC3 (2016) BUR1 (2018)	1990 2000 2010 2012
Senegal	NC2 (2010) NC3 (2016)	2000 2005
Serbia	NC1 (2010)	1990, 1998
Seychelles	NC2 (2013)	1995, 2000
Singapore	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2014) BUR2 (2016)	1994 2000 2010 2012
Solomon Islands	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2017)	1994 2000, 2005, 2010
South Africa	NC1 (2003)	1990, 1994
South Sudan	NC1 (2019)	2012-2015
Sri Lanka	NC1 (2000) NC2 (2012)	1994 2000
State of Palestine	NC1 (2016)	2011
Sudan	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2013)	1995 2000
Suriname	NC1 (2006)	2003
Syrian Arab Republic	NC1 (2010)	1994-2005
Tajikistan	NC2 (2008) NC3 (2014)	1990-2002 2003-2010
Thailand	NC1 (2000) BUR2 (2017) NC3 (2018)	1994 2000-2013 2013
Timor-Leste	NC1 (2014)	2010
Togo	NC1 (2001) BUR2 (2021)	1992-1994, 1998 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2013-2018
Tonga	NC1 (2005) NC2 (2012) NC3 (2020)	1994 2000 2006
Trinidad and Tobago	NC1 (2001)	1990
Tunisia	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
Turkmenistan	NC2 (2010) NC3 (2016)	1994, 2004 2000, 2010
Tuvalu	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2018)	1994 2014
Uganda	NC1 (2002) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
United Arab Emirates	NC1 (2007) NC2 (2010) NC3 (2013) NC4 (2019)	1994 2000 2005 2014
United Republic of Tanzania	NC1 (2003)	1990, 1994
Uruguay	NC4 (2016) BUR4 (2021)	1998, 2002, 2006, 2008 1990, 1994, 2000, 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014 2016, 2017, 2019
Uzbekistan	NC3 (2017)	1990-2012
Vanuatu	NC1 (1999) NC2 (2016)	1994 2000
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	NC1 (2005)	1999
Viet Nam	NC1 (2003) NC2 (2010) BUR1 (2014) BUR2 (2017)	1994 2000 2010 2013
Yemen	NC1 (2001) NC2 (2013) NC3 (2018) BUR1 (2018)	1995 2000 2010 2012
Zambia	NC1 (2004) NC2 (2014)	1994 2000
Zimbabwe	NC1 (1998) NC2 (2013) NC3 (2017)	1994 2000 2006

Note: NCI = initial national communication; NC2 = second national communication; NC3 = third national communication; NC4 = fourth national communication; INV = separate GHG inventory; BUR1 = first biennial update report; BUR2 = second biennial update report; BUR3 = third biennial report; BUR4 = fourth biennial update report.

^a Data are considered as available if data on CO₂ emissions without LUCF are available; the availability of data on other GHGs may be different.

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