Key messages:

- Availability and access to finance for managing climate-induced displacement, migration, and planned relocation, especially at sub-national levels in West African cities, remain limited.
- Loss and damage funding arrangements should enable cities and sub-national actors to access funds for supporting migrants’ needs, notably with regard to urban climate risks.
- Entry points for strengthening loss and damage funding arrangements in the context of human mobility include finance for the provision of affordable and accessible housing and municipal services for migrants; social protection programmes; and livelihood support and economic integration.
- The above areas of support provide opportunities for the delivery of loss and damage finance through sub-national mechanisms and direct reach out to vulnerable groups, especially at city level.