Base year emissions, under the Kyoto Protocol, are defined as the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the GHGs listed in Annex A sources in a historical base year. For most Annex I Parties, the historical base year is 1990 but Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy may choose a year or period other than 1990, in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 52. Annex I Parties may choose to use 1995 as the base year for total emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride (F-gases), in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 8.
If the land use, land-use change and forestry sector constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in the base year or period, then net emissions from the part relating to the conversion of forests (deforestation) will be included in the total national emissions for that year or period.
The table below provides, for Annex I Parties included in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol:
- Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment expressed as per cent of the base year or period;
- Base year for CO2, CH4 and N2O;
- Selection of the base year for F-gases;
- Base year level of total national emissions as determined by the initial review, expressed in tonnes CO2 equivalent;
- Source of information on the base year and base year emissions level.
|
Party
|
Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (percentage of base year or period level)
|
Base year for CO2, CH4 and N2O
|
Base year for F-gases
|
Base year level of total national emissions as determined by the initial review (t CO2 equivalent)
|
Source of base year data (initial review reports)
|
|
Australia
|
108.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
547,699,841
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/AUS
|
|
Austria
|
87.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
79,049,657
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/AUT
|
|
Belarus*a
|
92.0
|
|
1995
|
|
|
|
Belgium
|
92.5
|
1990
|
1995
|
145,728,763
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/BEL
|
|
Bulgaria*
|
92.0
|
1988
|
1995
|
132,618,658
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/BGR
|
|
Canada
|
94.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
593,998,462
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/CAN
|
|
Croatia
|
95.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
31,321,790
|
FCCC/IRR/2008/HRV
|
|
Czech Republic*
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
194,248,218
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/CZE
|
|
Denmark
|
79.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
69,978,070
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/DNK
|
|
Estonia*
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
42,622,312
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/EST
|
|
European Union
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1990 or 1995
|
4,265,517,719
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/EC
|
|
Finland
|
100.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
71,003,509
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/FIN
|
|
France
|
100.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
563,925,328
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/FRA
|
|
Germany
|
79.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
1,232,429,543
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/DEU
|
|
Greece
|
125.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
106,987,169
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/GRC
|
|
Hungary*
|
94.0
|
1985-87
|
1995
|
115,397,149
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/HUN
|
|
Iceland
|
110.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
3,367,972
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/ISL
|
|
Ireland
|
113.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
55,607,836
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/IRL
|
|
Italy
|
93.5
|
1990
|
1990
|
516,850,887
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/ITA
|
|
Japan
|
94.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
1,261,331,418
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/JPN
|
|
Latvia*
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
25,909,159
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/LVA
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
229,483
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/LIE
|
|
Lithuania*
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
49,414,386
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/LTU
|
|
Luxembourg
|
72.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
13,167,499
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/LUX
|
|
Monaco
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
107,658
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/MCO
|
|
Netherlands
|
94.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
213,034,498
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/NLD
|
|
New Zealand
|
100.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
61,912,947
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/NZL
|
|
Norway
|
101.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
49,619,168
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/NOR
|
|
Poland*
|
94.0
|
1988
|
1995
|
563,442,774
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/POL
|
|
Portugal
|
127.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
60,147,642
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/PRT
|
|
Romania*
|
92.0
|
1989
|
1989
|
278,225,022
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/ROU
|
|
Russian Federation*
|
100.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
3,323,419,064
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/RUS
|
|
Slovakia*
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
72,050,764
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/SVK
|
|
Slovenia*
|
92.0
|
1986
|
1995
|
20,354,042
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/SVN
|
|
Spain
|
115.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
289,773,205
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/ESP
|
|
Sweden
|
104.0
|
1990
|
1995
|
72,151,646
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/SWE
|
|
Switzerland
|
92.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
52,790,957
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/CHE
|
|
Ukraine*
|
100.0
|
1990
|
1990
|
920,836,933
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/UKR
|
|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
87.5
|
1990
|
1995
|
779,904,144
|
FCCC/IRR/2007/GBR
|
|
Notes: (1) The base year data are as determined during the initial review process. (2) Targets under the "burden-sharing" agreement of the European Community are shown in italics.
* A Party undergoing the process of transition to a market economy (an EIT Party).
a The amendment to the Kyoto Protocol with an emission reduction target for Belarus adopted by decision 10/CMP.2 has not entered into force yet.
|