The Paris Agreement acknowledges that even though national-level efforts are at the core of our response to climate change, and must be scaled up rapidly, they must also be complemented by strong action and support through collaboration and partnership at all levels of government, cities, the private sector, civil society as well as international and regional institutions.

The Global Climate Action Agenda, evolving from the LPAA, paves the way for such collaboration and partnership. So far, more than 70 initiatives, involving almost 10,000 players from 180 countries, more than 7,000 local authorities and more than 2,000 businesses have committed to undertake transformational action in the key economic and social sectors and areas. As a result hundreds of USD billions are being redirected to invest in the transition towards a low-carbon and resilient economy. Each month and year more initiatives and announcements are being launched.

Given our current national climate change commitments, it is clear that we are not on an emissions pathway that avoids the most dangerous impacts of climate change and that there are significant unmet adaptation needs. As such we need to urgently increase our ambition and enhance our pre-2020 adaptation and mitigation action at local, national and international scale based on the many options and opportunities set out in this SPM.

The critical decade of action is before us, and we must support collaborative climate action efforts, provide adequate support to developing countries, track progress to ensure that commitments are delivered, and advance new efforts, if we are to achieve the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement, including limiting warming to well below 2 ºC or 1.5 ºC above pre-industrial levels.