• Philippine Climate Change Assessment Reports¹
  • Working Group 1 - The Physical Science Basis
  • Working Group 2 – Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation
• Workshop Report on Linking Loss and Damage with Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction in the Philippines²
• State of Loss and Damage Assessment System in the Philippines and Proposed L&D Framework³ (A.V.S. Gabriel, Pulhin, P.M. and Lasco, R.D.)
• Disaster Risk Reduction in the Philippines: 2019 Status Report⁴
• A Review of Philippine Government Disaster Financing for Recovery and Reconstruction⁵

3.1 Preemptive adaptation:

• Conduct of Climate and Disaster Risk Assessments as prerequisite for climate action planning, investments programming and implementation
• Formulation of Local Climate Change Action Plans (LCCAPs), Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plans (LDRRMPs), and climate and disaster-mainstreamed Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) and Comprehensive Development Plans (CDPs)
• Multi-hazard Impact-Based Forecasting and Early Warning System for the Philippines
• Enhancing access to climate finance (i.e. People’s Survival Fund, Green Climate Fund)
• Communities for Resilience (CORE) – capacity-building program to strengthen the planning capacity and overall resilience of local government units nationwide, and strengthen likewise the capacity of the academe in mentoring and enhancing knowledge of LGUs on the science, issues, vulnerabilities and risks of climate change⁶
• Operationalization of the National Climate Risk Management Framework (including the conduct of stocktake)

¹ https://niccdies.climate.gov.ph/climate-reports/philippine-climate-change-assessment-report

² https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3IBWrvXyOuqR2gtbF90ekdVWnM/view

³ http://www.apn-gcr.org/resources/files/original/1ab0fb6a9c5146fd0540e134fd6dffb1.pdf

⁴ https://www.unisdr.org/files/68265_682308philippinesdrmstatusreport.pdf

⁵ https://pidswebs.pids.gov.ph/CDN/PUBLICATIONS/pidsdps1721.pdf

⁶ https://climate.gov.ph/our-programs/communities-for-resilience

Contingency measures, e.g. through risk financing with regional risk pooling, insurance facilities and bonds, and through social protection measures, etc.:

• Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance, thru a Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility
• Weather index-based insurance products for farmers
• Social Protection measures through Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)7, cash-for-work and food-for-work programs
• Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDDRMF)

Addressing losses through disaster relief funds, credit facilities etc.:

• National and Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (NDRRMF and LDDRMF)
• Contingency credit line – Disaster Resilience Improvement Program supported by Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Disaster risk reduction focused strategies and measures through activities under the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, contingency and trust funds, disaster legislation, etc.:

• Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Law
• Strategies under the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP)
• Preparation of the Loss and Damage Registry

Transformative actions (which could include any such actions already mentioned above):

• Operationalization of the National Climate Risk Management Framework (NCRMF), which will transform climate risk management approaches in the country
• Green Recovery Planning to be incorporated in the Review and Updating of the National Strategic Framework on Climate Change (NSFCC) and National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) and Formulation of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) to establish policy coherence among the Paris Agreement, Sendai Framework and Sustainable Development Agenda
• Improving the National Climate Action Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) System, which includes:
  o National and Local Climate Budget/Expenditure Tagging System
  o Accomplishment Reporting
  o Sustainability Reporting of Private Sector/Businesses
• Multi-Hazard Impact-based Forecasting and Early Warning System (MHIBFEWS) - transform the existing system of end-to-end early warning in the country and how it is implemented, from the way forecasts and warnings and their content are generated to how these are communicated and disseminated to all end-users and utilized to manage climate risks8.

⁷ https://www.adb.org/publications/social-protection-support-project-Philippines

Yes. Philippines submitted views on the type and nature of actions to address loss and damage (with required financing) for developing countries.

Collection and management of data and information (including databases, spatial data, systematic observations, establishing baselines, etc):

• Reconstruction of historical climate databases including data rescue from old paper records to support climate information services.
• Use of space technologies in systematic observations and geospatial analyses.
• Establishment of a baseline on non-economic and social loss and damage, as well as regarding culture, territory, indigenous knowledge systems, ecosystem services.
• Development of databases and information services to support risk profiling and risk assessment of a variety of timeframes by different actors and stakeholders in their decision-processes.
• Setting up a registry/Mapping of at-risk populations to assess sea level rise induced relocation costs for coastal communities.

Analyses of data and information (including climate change projections, impact analyses, hazard mapping, etc):

• Development of local to national climate change scenarios and production of projections of climate risk.
• Conduct of pilot loss and damage assessments for certain key agricultural commodities which are vulnerable to climate change, such as rice, aquaculture, and fruits.
• Construction of multivariate impacts and loss databases to support assessments and reporting including through the use of bigdata methods.
• Design of shared database systems to support different ministries and other stakeholders in the country including data collection, storage and sharing protocols and policies.
• Quantitative assessment of risk for important systems to inform decision-making, in particular, selection of risk management approaches.
• Costing of impacts in the present as well as for projected impacts for use in costs-benefit analyses to appraise options.
• Methods for automated and semi-automated inventorying of infrastructure and assets such as involving geospatial technologies and artificial intelligence.
• Estimation and outreach on future climate change risks to inform investor decisions.
• Development of standardized set of risk assessment guidelines for community/subnational level to prepare and maintain inventories of at-risk assets.
• National-scale site characterization to support hazard mapping, zoning and other land use planning.

Design and implementation of projects on Loss and Damage:

• Setting up cross-ministerial/sectoral coordination mechanism for the dissemination and linking warnings with early action, and the deployment of emergency assistance for communities.
• Linking national systematic observations and monitoring to regional and global efforts (for relevant variables, hazards and systems).
• Development of protocols (legal, social, financial, institutional) for relocation to ensure effective buy-in of all stakeholders.
• Development of alternative livelihood programs, livelihood transformation programs, and vocational training for coastal communities and other at-risk population groups.
• Development of infrastructure and plans for relocation/resettlement of households and communities from frequently affected areas.
• Design of proposals and access to financing for climate information services and early warning systems under the GCF and other funding channels.
• Development of funding proposals related to the strategic workstreams of the five-year rolling workplan of the Executive Committee.
• Optimal design of sustainable public works (drainage, transportation and other critical and protective infrastructure).
• Optimizing land use based on available resources (e.g. water resources, energy, etc).
• Optimizing financing between different measures to address risk comprehensively/trade-off analyses in deciding on balance between investment in preemptive measures and measures to address residual risk.
• Protection of cultural heritage and traditional knowledge.
• Sustainable landscape management including nature-based solutions  

Financial instruments (such as insurance, risk pooling, contingency funds, etc):

• Design of combinations of appropriate risk finance tools and instruments applicable to a specific country context and vulnerable groups.
• Development and deployment of forecast-based finance instruments to minimize potential losses to productive systems.
• Design and financing of social protection measures.
• Development of different insurance mechanisms.
• Design of national trust/contingency/recovery funds.
• Development of national finance instruments (bonds, etc).
• Development of regional finance instruments (regional risk facilities, etc).
• Development of legal instruments to manage planned migration.
• Development of curriculum on various relevant aspects of climate change and loss and damage. 

Other activities not covered by the above entries:

• Climate risk communication and education
• Capacity-building (actual conduct such as training of trainers directed to Higher Education Institutes)
• Enhancing access for action and support (i.e. technology development, research, capacity-building, finance)

• National Climate Risk Management Framework Operationalization
• National Strategic Framework on Climate Change (NSFCC) Review
• National Climate Change Action Plan Updating
• National Adaptation Plan Formulation/Articulation
• Green Recovery Planning
• Localization of the IPCC Special Reports