Energy Supply Sector

Technology Executive Committee




The power sector is the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. In 2010, the energy supply sector was responsible for approximately 35% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions.  To achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement, countries are required to peak greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve climate neutrality by mid-century. It is of paramount importance making efforts to transform and decarbonize energy systems that align with the Paris goals.

TNA Guidebook on Renewable Energy: Energy Supply from Renewable Sources, Energy Storage, and Energy Transmission and Distribution

The TEC identified the need for a sectoral guidebook on energy, as a result of a gap assessment of guidance on Technology Needs Assessments (TNA), conducted in 2023 under its rolling workplan 2023-2027. Developed in partnership with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the UNEP Copenhagen Climate Centre (UNEP-CCC), the guidebook could serve as a valuable resource for technology practitioners and national TNA teams to inform their technology choices and advance a rapid and just transition to climate-resilient and sustainable energy systems. This guidebook is part of a series of TNA guidebooks, developed under the umbrella of the GEF-funded Global TNA Project, implemented by the UNEP-CCC. Find out more about available guidance on TNA.


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The TNA guidebook on renewable energy:

  • Provides practical guidance to developing countries conducting or updating their TNAs, with the aim of achieving net zero emission in energy supply, energy storage, energy transmission and distribution;

  • Provides an overview of up-to-date information on a wide range of renewable energy technology options, as well as enabling conditions, barriers and good practices for their deployment; and

  • Highlights aspects of just transition that could be considered to promote a fair and inclusive workforce transition to meet Paris Agreement goals.

Acknowledgement: This guidebook has been developed with generous support provided by UNIDO, UNEP-CCC and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan. It has also benefitted from valuable inputs of experts from UNIDO, UNEP-CCC, and the UNFCCC secretariat.

Emerging climate technologies in the energy supply sector

The energy supply sector offers a wide range of emerging decarbonization technologies with high potential for climate change mitigation. Such technologies also have relevance to multiple social and environmental co-benefits (e.g., employment and income generation for local communities, reduced impact on water and land).


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The technical paper:

  • Provides an overview of the technologies, their state of play, and potential climate change mitigation and adaptation impacts;

  • Analyses the technologies’ social, institutional, economic and business challenges and solutions related to their development and deployment, including new market access and social acceptability;

  • Identifies ways for policymakers to effectively support the deployment of these technologies, especially using a systemic approach to innovation, commercialization, risk reduction, and lead and broad market uptake to normalize new sustainable supply and enabling technologies

The overall objective is to provide policymakers and other relevant stakeholders with a set of information that may help their decision making when defining national and/or regional strategies for accelerating the scale-up and diffusion of these technologies

Acknowledgement: The technical paper has been developed with the contribution of the Government of Japan


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