Article 6.8

Non-market approaches

What is Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement?

Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement considers how Parties can support climate action without involving the transaction of carbon or quid pro quo operations. It complements Articles 6.2 and 6.4 by promoting non-market-driven approaches to achieving nationally determined contributions and increasing ambition.

Article 6.8 encourages Parties to implement voluntary non-market approaches in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. Parties can cooperate to develop and implement such approaches through the use of finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity-building.

The aims of Article 6.8 are to:

  • Promote mitigation and adaptation ambition;
  • Enhance public and private sector participation in the implementation of nationally determined contributions; and
  • Enable opportunities for coordination across instruments and relevant institutional arrangements.

Each non-market approach facilitated under the framework for Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement assists participating Parties in implementing their nationally determined contributions in an integrated, holistic and balanced manner.

This includes efforts in mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and transfer, capacity-building, and contribution to sustainable development and poverty eradication.

In addition, each non-market approach facilitated under the framework:

  • Is identified by the participating Parties on a voluntary basis;
  • Involves more than one participating Party;
  • Does not involve the transfer of any mitigation outcomes;
  • Facilitates the implementation of nationally determined contributions of host Parties and contributes to achieving the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement;
  • Is conducted in a manner that is consistent with the eleventh preambular paragraph of the Paris Agreement; and
  • Minimizes and, where possible, avoids negative environmental, economic and social impacts.

The initial focus areas of the Article 6.8 work programme are:

  • Adaptation, resilience and sustainability;
  • Mitigation measures to address climate change and contribute to sustainable development; and
  • Development of clean energy sources.
The work programme activities for Article 6.8 include:
Identifying measures for enhancing existing linkages, creating synergies and facilitating coordination and implementation of non-market approaches.
Developing and implementing tools, including the NMA Platform to record and exchange information on non-market approaches.
Identifying and sharing information, best practices, lessons learned and case studies in relation to developing and implementing non-market approaches.
Identifying initiatives, programmes and projects for facilitating non-market approaches that support the implementation of nationally determined contributions to allow for higher mitigation and adaptation ambitions.

These activities are being carried out through modalities including workshops, stakeholder engagement, submissions from Parties and non-Party stakeholders, technical papers, synthesis reports and collaboration with relevant bodies, institutional arrangements and processes under or related to the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement.

Phase 1 (2023-2024) of the work programme focused on identifying and framing all relevant elements of activities, while Phase 2 (2025-2026) is fully implementing these activities by drawing on inputs gathered during the first phase.

The GCNMA was established by Decision 4/CMA.3 during COP 26 / CMA 3 to implement the framework and the work programme by providing Parties with opportunities for non-market-based cooperation to implement mitigation and adaptation actions in their nationally determined contributions.

Under Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement, Parties agreed to establish a web-based platform for voluntarily recording and exchanging information on non-market approaches, also known as NMAs.

The NMA Platform supports Parties to connect with one another to identify, develop and implement non-market approaches. It also enables them to notify other Parties and non-Party stakeholders if they are seeking support for their non-market approaches or have support available to provide to others.

In addition, organizations offering financial, technological or capacity-building support for non-market approaches can register their assistance on the NMA Platform. This helps to connect Parties in need of support with the appropriate providers.

The NMA Platform also features an Information Hub, which includes information and resources for Parties and non-Party stakeholders.

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