Distr.

GENERAL

FCCC/CP/1998/INF.2

23 September 1998

ENGLISH ONLY

CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES^*

Fourth session

Buenos Aires, 2-12 November 1998

Item 4 (a) (ii) of the provisional agenda

1. The activities of the secretariat to facilitate the provision of financial and technical support to non-Annex I Parties for the preparation of national communications are mandated by stipulations in the Convention, decisions by the Conference of the Parties (COP) and requests by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI). (See Article 8.2(c), FCCC/CP/1996/15/Add.1, decisions 3/CP.2 and 10/CP.2, and FCCC/SBI/1997/6, para. 21).

2. Decision 10/CP.2, in particular, requests the secretariat, in accordance with Article 8.2(c), "to facilitate assistance to Parties, particularly developing country Parties, in the preparation of their initial communications, through the organization of workshops at the regional level; to

provide a forum for the exchange of experiences in the development of emission factors and activity data for the preparation of the inventory, as well, on request, for other elements of information in the initial communications"; and to report to the SBI and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) at each of their sessions.

^* Including the ninth sessions of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation.

GE.98-

3. The present progress report includes the activities undertaken by the secretariat since the eighth session of the subsidiary bodies. Part II, section A and the table attached as an annex provide updates on the state of preparation of initial national communications by Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention. Part II, sections B to F summarize secretariat activities related to regional and inter-regional workshops and expert group meetings, CC:FORUM, information exchange, training, and other activities. Part III contains conclusions and presents a number of problems common to many non-Annex I Parties in preparing their initial national communications.

4. An overview of the state of preparation of the initial national communications of non-Annex I Parties is presented as an annex to the present document and reflects the responses of non-Annex I Parties to a questionnaire sent by the secretariat, as well as information provided by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), its implementing agencies and bilateral programmes.

5. The status of preparation of initial national communications is as follows:

(a) Communications submitted. The initial national communications of eight Parties have been submitted so far in the following order: Jordan, Argentina, Uruguay, Mexico, Senegal, Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Korea and Zimbabwe;

(b) Communications under preparation. Out of 96 non-Annex I Parties presently engaged in preparing their national communications, 5 expect to finalize the communications during the course of 1998, 42 in 1999 and the rest within years 2000 and 2001. Senegal and Mexico have announced that they are in the process of preparing their second national communications;

(c) Newly approved projects. Seven Parties have recently received approval by the GEF for projects regarding the preparation of their communication;

(d) Projects under preparation. Thirteen Parties are preparing projects for funding approval by the GEF;

(e) No activities reported. One Party indicated that it has not yet initiated activities to prepare its national communication and nine Parties have not provided any information relating to the preparation of their communications.

6. Through the above-mentioned questionnaire, non-Annex I Parties have also identified the main problems and constraints encountered in the preparation of their national communications, as well as possible solutions to overcome them.

7. Compared to previous results of the questionnaire (available in document FCCC/SBI/1998/INF.3), the new results indicate that non-Annex I Parties continued to identify the lack of experts and trained persons (15%) as one of the main problems and constraints in the process for preparation of initial national communications. Availability of data (15%) and emission factors and estimates (13%) were more frequently cited than before, while availability of financial assistance was less frequently cited (10%). More details are provided in the following chart.

Source: Answers to the questionnaire by 85 non-Annex I Parties

8. Possible solutions most often identified to overcome problems, as shown in the chart below, continued to be the organization of regional and subregional workshops (22%), the organization of a forum to exchange experience on emission factors and activity data (17%) and the promotion of regional cooperation (16%).

Source: Answers to the questionnaire by 85 non-Annex I Parties

9. Parties are invited to update and amend the information provided in the annex. For this purpose the questionnaire is made available on a regular basis by the secretariat to all non-Annex I Parties.

10. Participation in workshops and expert group meetings allows the secretariat to interact with representatives of many Parties. It provides an effective means for increasing awareness of the reporting guidelines and of the technical details regarding essential components for the preparation of national communications. Further, workshops give non-Annex I Parties the opportunity to share experiences in the preparation of communications. A number of issues and concerns were expressed and recommendations were made based upon these experiences. These are summarized under Conclusions in part III of this document.

11. The secretariat participated in two of a series of regional workshops organized by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/GEF to present the results and experiences of national studies undertaken under a global project on "Economics of Greenhouse Gas Limitations". At the first workshop held in Goa, 4-5 May 1998, for the Asia-Pacific region discussions focused on "Economics of GHG Mitigation and Mitigation Options". The second workshop, "Latin America and Caribbean Seminar on Greenhouse Gases", was held in Quito, Ecuador, 21-22 May 1998 for Latin American countries.

12. The secretariat participated in a regional workshop for Transcaucasian countries held in Tbilisi, Georgia, 3-6 May 1998. It was organized by the government of Georgia in the context of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/GEF project, "Enabling Georgia to fulfil its commitments to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)".

13. The secretariat also attended the "Eighth Asia-Pacific Seminar on Climate Change", 22-25 June, in Phuket, Thailand, organized by the Environment Agency of Japan, in cooperation with the Office of Environmental Policy and Planning of Thailand, the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (MITI) and the UNFCCC secretariat.

14. The ninth meeting of CC:FORUM was held on 3 June 1998, in Bonn, Germany, in conjunction with the eighth session of the subsidiary bodies. CC:FORUM, as an informal consultative group, aims at coordinating the exchange of views on technical and financial support to developing countries and economies in transition for the implementation of the Convention and the preparation of the initial national communications.

15. The meeting discussed issues related to activities and projects in support of capacity building under the preparation of initial national communications from non-Annex I Parties and related problems and perspectives. Presentations were made by representatives of the government of Mexico, UNDP/GEF , UNEP/Riso, German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and the UNFCCC secretariat.

16. Participants exchanged experiences and ideas on possibilities to strengthen technical expertise in non-Annex I Parties, ensure longer term capacity building, ensure coordination among different national, regional and international institutions and improve exchange of information. The forum agreed to continue discussing these matters at its tenth meeting.

17. The UNFCCC secretariat has continued to disseminate the CC:INFO/Web Tutorial Kit 1.0 on CD-ROM. The CC:INFO/Web initiative was designed to encourage Parties to develop national Web sites on climate change and the implementation of the Convention, and to foster the growth of a network of such sites for the sharing of information and ideas. This CD-ROM contains a step-by-step tutorial kit and key software. To date, 14 non-Annex I Parties have established national Web sites in collaboration with the CC:INFO/Web initiative.

Country	Status		Country	Status
Algeria	Included in project proposal		Malta	Proposed
Antigua and Barbuda	Proposed		Marshall Islands (R)	Proposed
Azerbaijan	Included in project proposal		Mauritania	Included in project proposal
Belize	Included in project proposal		Mauritius	Included in project proposal
Benin	Included in project proposal		Mexico	On-line
Bolivia	Included in project proposal		Mozambique	Included in project proposal
Botswana	Proposed		Nepal	Included in project proposal
Brazil	On-line		Nicaragua	Included in project proposal
Burkina Faso	Proposed		Niue	Included in project proposal
Cameroon	Included in project proposal		Pakistan	Included in project proposal
Cape Verde	Proposed		Panama	Included in project proposal
Central African Republic	Included in project proposal		Peru	Included in project proposal
Chile	Proposed		Philippines	Included in project proposal
Comoros	Included in project proposal		Saint Kitts and Nevis	Included in project proposal
Congo	Included in project proposal		Saint Lucia	Included in project proposal
Côte d'Ivoire	Included in project proposal		Senegal	On-line
Cuba	Included in project proposal		Seychelles	On-line
Egypt	On-line		South Africa	Included in project proposal
El Salvador	On-line		Sri Lanka	Included in project proposal
Ethiopia	Proposed		Suriname	Included in project proposal
Gabon	Included in project proposal		Thailand	On-line
Georgia	Included in project proposal		Togo	Included in project proposal
Grenada	Included in project proposal		Turkmenistan	Included in project proposal
Guyana	Included in project proposal		Uganda	On-line
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	Included in project proposal		United Republic of Tanzania	On-line
Jordan	On-line		Uzbekistan	Proposed
Kazakstan	Proposed		Venezuela	On-line
Kenya	Included in project proposal		Viet Nam	Included in project proposal
Lao People's Democratic Republic	Proposed		Yemen	Proposed
Lebanon	Proposed		Zambia	On-line
Malaysia	On-line		Zimbabwe	On-line

18. The secretariat has made available on its Web site the full text of the national communications that have been submitted electronically so far. At present, 29 first and 22 second Annex I national communications and five initial national communications from non-Annex I Parties are available.

19. Through the UNFCCC site on the World Wide Web, information relevant to the intergovernmental process continues to be disseminated to an even larger community of users. Items accessed by users include notification to governments, pre-session and in-session documents, summaries and in-depth reviews of national communications from Annex I Parties. Results of a questionnaire distributed during the seventh and eighth sessions of the subsidiary bodies and at the third session of the COP showed that over 50 per cent of the respondents rely on the UNFCCC secretariat Web site for obtaining official documents. An increasing number of requests have been made regarding the availability of official documents in United Nations languages other than English. The secretariat is actively exploring the possibility of mirroring the Optical Disk System (ODS) which is currently operational in the United Nations Offices in New York and Geneva. The secretariat is in the process of developing a questionnaire to assess Parties' use and connectivity to the Internet, in order to improve distribution of pre-session documents electronically.

20. The secretariat has compiled the second edition of the Who is Who in the UNFCCC Process, a directory of more than 6,000 delegates and observers who participated in the second and third sessions of the COP and sessions of the subsidiary bodies held in December 1996 and during 1997. The Who is Who is currently being printed and is intended to provide an up-to-date and user-friendly source of contact information to participants.

21. Conscious of the fact that the World Wide Web is not universally accessible, the secretariat has published the third edition of the "UNFCCC Web site on CD-ROM", which is also being printed. This version includes a searchable full-text index of all national communications available on the UNFCCC Web site, as well as all UNFCCC documents up to, and including, the third session of the COP. It also includes training material developed by CC:TRAIN. The production of both the Who is Who and the CD-ROM have been made possible by support from the Government of Japan.

22. CC:TRAIN is a GEF-funded UNDP programme. Started as a pilot project, it has evolved as a primary service provider to assist developing countries to prepare climate change plans and strategies - both technically and in terms of policy development. CC:TRAIN is now working with more than 28 countries and has developed innovative, long-term training programmes and approaches to capacity building. In addition to the GEF, funding is also provided by the Governments of Japan, New Zealand and Switzerland. To date CC:TRAIN has organized 33 policy and technical level workshops and training courses, including 15 national workshops, 10 regional training courses and eight national training courses. The workshops took place in Africa (11), Latin America and the Caribbean (8), the Pacific (7) and other regions (7).

23. Workshops and training courses are invariably organized and conducted by country teams and regional partners using the CC:TRAIN training packages. These packages are also used to organize workshops in other countries not participating in CC:TRAIN. In this framework, in 1998, the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) has assisted the GEF-funded national "enabling activity" project in the Maldives and will conduct workshops in support of a GEF-funded project in Iran during the second half of 1998.

24. CC:TRAIN's collaboration with the Global Environment Information Centre (GEIC) of Japan in producing the first volume of CC:TRAIN's training materials on CD-ROM will be followed up with a second volume, to be distributed at the fourth session of the COP. This second volume will contain two training packages currently available in hard copy: "CC:TRAIN Training Package on Preparing an Inventory of Greenhouse Gases" and "CC:TRAIN Training Package on Preparing a Mitigation Analysis". The materials will also be added to the programme's training materials Web site at www.geic.or.jp/cctrain.

25. Two of the non-Annex I Parties with which CC:TRAIN has been working - Senegal and Zimbabwe - have reached the policy development stage and have submitted their national communications. Several other countries are also in the advanced stages of completing their country studies (national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory, mitigation options, vulnerability and adaptation assessments) and preparing national plans. During the second half of 1998, CC:TRAIN will focus on training countries to prepare a national implementation strategy and a national communication.

26. The UNITAR/South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)/Pacific Island Climate Change Assistance Programme (PICCAP)/International Global Change Institute (IGCI) Certificate Programme on Vulnerability and Adaptation (V&A) Assessment began in June 1998 at the University of Waikato in New Zealand. Currently, 24 participants from 12 V&A country teams in the Pacific are being trained. The certificate programme was developed to provide sustained university-based training in topics which are evolving and where cadres of national and

regional experts will need to be developed. After its careful evaluation and revision, the entire course will be transferred to the University of the South Pacific, Fiji, as two post-graduate directed studies courses in 1999. The Government of New Zealand recently announced that it would make a contribution in support of this initiative.

27. Similar arrangements are being negotiated with other regional institutions in Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean and elsewhere where the need for such a course is apparent and urgent. Other topics, such as mitigation analysis and policy development, are also being explored with a number of institutions.

28. In response to decision 10/CP.2, the secretariat is organizing a workshop on emission factors and activity data in Havana, Cuba, 16-18 September 1998. The results of this workshop will be made available during the fourth session of the COP. In addition, in conjunction with the fourth session of the COP, the secretariat will organize a special event which will be the first in a series of regular meetings providing a forum for the exchange of experiences in the development of GHG emission factors and activity data. The secretariat will also organize additional workshops at the regional level providing that the required supplementary funding for this is made available by Parties through voluntary contributions to the Trust Fund for Supplementary Activities.

29. The secretariat has continued to provide comments on the consistency of GEF project proposals under the Convention and the guidance provided by the COP. To date, the secretariat has provided comments on more than 300 such proposals. The secretariat has also continued its participation in the GEF Operations Committee (GEFOP), the GEF Climate Change Task Force and the Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP).

30. The secretariat is co-chair of the Advisory Implementation Committee of the National Communications Support Programme, approved by the GEF Council in March 1998. The activities of the National Communications Support Programme, jointly implemented by UNEP and UNDP, aim at improving coordination of existing assistance and providing additional technical support to developing countries in the preparation of their communications. The secretariat has been participating in the preparation and revision of the work plan of the programme that should become operational in October 1998.

31. Following the recommendations of the GEF Assembly, the secretariat has also been participating in a consultative process under the GEF framework to identify possibilities of improving the determination of incremental costs. The GEF formed a task force in June 1998 to help identify the critical issues, concerns, opportunities and challenges in developing and implementing a methodology for the determination of incremental costs associated with GEF-funded projects. Among other agencies, the UNFCCC secretariat assigned a staff member to coordinate this activity with the GEF. The secretariat has provided input to a consultation process that the GEF has established to address the above-mentioned issue. The task force also participated in the identification of criteria for selection of stakeholders that are critical at various stages of the projects in climate change and biodiversity, which together account for 80 per cent of the GEF financing. The consultation will look at incremental cost issues from the perspective of examining the conceptual basis for calculating, estimating and negotiating incremental costs.

32. Following the recommendations made by the Study of GEF's Overall Performance and within the framework of the GEF monitoring and evaluation activities, the UNFCCC secretariat is preparing to participate in an evaluation of the GEF climate change enabling activities to be undertaken in 1999.

33. Despite the fact that the preparation of initial national communications from most non-Annex I Parties is now under way, and that efforts are being made by the GEF and its implementing agencies to facilitate this process, progress towards the completion and submission of national communications is slow and the overall process still needs to be further supported. The National Communication Support Programme is expected to play an important role in this process.

34. By decision 11/CP.2, the COP decided that the guidelines and format on the preparation of initial national communications shall form the basis for funding of these communications. Accordingly, enabling activities projects should aim to use these guidelines and this format.

35. The guidelines for the preparation of initial communications recommend that these communications be submitted in one of the official languages of the United Nations, and that non-Annex I Parties be encouraged to submit, to the extent possible, and where relevant, a translation of their communications into English. Table D1 in Annex D of the GEF's Operational Guidelines for Expedited Financing of Initial Communications from non-Annex I Parties provides a typical cost range of US$15,000 - US$20,000 for the compilation and production of initial communications. The project proposals of a few non-Annex I Parties include amounts allocated for translation into English. More specific provisions would ensure that all initial national communications are translated, reproduced and widely disseminated, including electronically.

36. During the workshops, expert group meetings, questionnaires, CC:FORUM and other events described in part II of this document, participants identified the following needs of non-Annex I Parties:

(a) With regard to capacity building and training, there is a need to:

(i) Ensure proper follow-up after initial communications have been completed to build longer term capacity, including for the preparation of subsequent communications;

(ii) Build the capacities in developing countries to use economic models and methods, in particular for the calculation of costs and benefits of GHG mitigation policies;

(iii) Improve, in a comprehensive and coordinated manner, the dissemination of information on the use of methodologies and models, including for GHG inventories, mitigation, V&A assessment and adaptation measures;

(iv) Strengthen existing national research efforts related to climate change, and develop country specific surveys and measurements;

(v) Develop national climate change action plans and integrate climate change in general development planning;

(vi) Improve regional collaboration, share knowledge of similar experiences and possibly coordinate efforts;

(vii) Provide training to help national experts in formulating and identifying national policies and measures;

(viii) Provide training on how to use the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories;

(b) With regard to information exchange and needs:

(i) There is a need to improve networks for the exchange of information. Workshops to provide training on developing such national Web sites would be desirable. The CC:INFO/Web initiative provides a free tutorial kit on the development of national web sites on climate change;

(ii) There is a role for the transfer of technology and also for regional capacity building to promote technology-related information networks. In particular, there is a need to raise awareness of the existence of energy efficiency "win-win" solutions;

(iii) It would be useful to ensure, to the extent possible, that relevant material, particularly that related to training and information, is available in all of the six official languages of the United Nations; and

(iv) Assistance is required to improve data acquisition and storage, to obtain access to the Internet, and to build capacity to develop databases.

Annex Status of preparation of national communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (Entries for least developed countries in italics)
Party	Date of ratification	Indicated date of submission of national commu-nication	Status of preparation of national communication			Institutional arrangements
			General status	Greenhouse gas inventory	General description of steps	National focal point	Climate change committee	Expert technical team
Albania	3 Oct 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years, base year: 1994)	A project proposal was completed in June 1996	T	Proposed	Proposed
Algeria	9 Jun 1993	February 2000	Ongoing	To be initiated (expected duration of work: June 1998 - June 1999, base year: 1990)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Antigua and Barbuda	2 Feb 1993		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 18 months)	To be initiated	To be initiated	T	Established	`
Argentina	11 Mar 1994	Submission made in July 1997	First national communication finalized	Finalized (base years: 1990 and 1994)	Finalized		Established	Established
Armenia	14 May 1993	November 1998	Ongoing	Completed (August 1998, base year: 1990)	Completed (August 1998)			Established
Azerbaijan	16 May 1995	December 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: March 1999, base years: 1990 and 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1999)	T	Established	Established
Bahamas	29 Mar 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 18 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 18 months)	To be initiated	T	Established	Established
Bahrain	28 Dec 1994	July 2000	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998, base year: 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: December 2000)		Established	Established
Bangladesh	15 Apr 1994		Project under preparation	Completed (July 1996)	Ongoing	T		Established
Barbados	23 Mar 1994		Ongoing	To be initiated	To be initiated

Status of preparation of national communications (continued)
Party	Date of ratification	Indicated date of submission of national commu-nication	Status of preparation of national communication			Institutional arrangements
			General status	Greenhouse gas inventory	General description of steps	National focal point	Climate change committee	Expert technical team
Belize	31 Oct 1994		Ongoing	To be initiated (expected duration of work: one year, base year: 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: one year)		Proposed
Benin	30 Jun 1994	September 1999	Ongoing	Completed (December 1997, base year: 1992)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)			Established
Bhutan	25 Aug 1995	December 1999	Ongoing	First draft completed (August 1998, base year: 1994)		T	Established	Established
Bolivia	3 Oct 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 15 months)	Completed (1997, base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1999)		Established	Established
Botswana	27 Jan 1994	1998	Ongoing	Completed (March 1998, base year: 1990)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 24 months)	T	Established	Established
Brazil	28 Feb 1994	Early 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: early 1999)	T		Established
Burkina Faso	2 Sep 1993	December 1999	Ongoing	To be initiated	To be initiated	T	Established	Established
Burundi	6 Jan 1997
Cambodia	18 Dec 1995		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Cameroon	19 Oct 1994	1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Cape Verde	29 Mar 1995	1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1999)		Established	Proposed
Central African Republic	10 Mar 1993	August 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998, base year 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: August 1999)	T	Established	Established
Chad	7 Jun 1994		Project under preparation
Chile	22 Dec 1994	1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
China	5 Jan 1993		Ongoing	Ongoing		T
Colombia	22 Mar 1995		Ongoing			T		Established
Comoros	31 Oct 1994	August 1999	Project under preparation	To be initiated (base year: 1994)			Proposed	Proposed
Congo	14 Oct 1996		Project under preparation	To be initiated	To be initiated	T	Proposed	Proposed
Cook Islands	20 Apr 1993		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)
Costa Rica	26 Aug 1994	1999	Ongoing	Completed (September 1995, base year: 1990)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Côte d'Ivoire	29 Nov 1994	June 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: May 1999, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: May 2000)		Proposed	Established
Cuba	5 Jan 1994	Second half of 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing ( expected date of completion: September 1999)	T	Established	Established
Cyprus	15 Oct 1997					T
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	5 Dec 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 months)	T	Established	Established
Democratic Republic of the Congo	9 Jan 1995		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 24 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 12 months, base year: 1990)	To be initiated (GHG mitigation programmes- expected duration of work: 8 months)	T	Established	Proposed
Djibouti	27 Aug 1995	August 1999	Project under preparation				Established	Proposed
Dominica	21 Jun 1993		Ongoing				Proposed
Ecuador	23 Feb 1993		Project under preparation	Completed (February 1998)	To be initiated	T	Established	Established
Egypt	5 Dec 1994	July 1999	Ongoing	Completed (August 1998, base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: July 1999)	T	Established	Established
El Salvador	4 Dec 1995	March 1999	Ongoing	Completed (August 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: February 1999)	T	Established	Established
Eritrea	24 Apr 1995	May 1999	Ongoing	To be initiated ( expected duration of work: one year, base year: 1994)	To be initiated ( expected duration of work: one year)	T	Proposed
Ethiopia	5 Apr 1994		Project under way (expected duration of work: two year, 1998- 2000)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: six months, 1998-1999, base year: 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: two years, 1998-2000)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Fiji	25 Feb 1993		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)
Gabon	21 Jan 1998		Project under preparation	To be initiated	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Gambia	10 Jun 1994	June 1999	Ongoing	Completed (March 1994, base year: 1993)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: one year)	T	Established	Established
Georgia	29 Jul 1994	January 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1998 , base year: 1990)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Ghana	6 Sep 1995	1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1990)			Established	Established
Grenada	11 Aug 1994		Project under preparation	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 18 months, base year: 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 18 months)		Proposed
Guatemala	15 Dec 1995		Ongoing
Guinea	7 May 1993	June 2000	Ongoing (expected duration of work: two years )	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998, base year: 1995)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: March 2000)	T	Established	Proposed
Guinea-Bissau	27 Oct 1995		Project under way (expected duration of work: two years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)	To be initiated	T	Proposed
Guyana	29 Aug 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1999)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 18 months)	T	Established	Established
Haiti	25 Sep 1996		Ongoing	To be initiated	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Honduras	19 Oct 1995	July 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: July 1999)	T	Proposed	Proposed
India	1 Nov 1993		Project under preparation	Ongoing		T		Established
Indonesia	23 Aug 1994		Ongoing	Completed (May 1996, base year: 1990)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	18 Jul 1996	December 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: March 1999)	T	Established	Established
Israel	4 Jun 1996	June 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing	Completed (June 1997)	T	Established	Established
Jamaica	6 Jan 1995		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)		Established
Jordan	12 Nov 1993	Submission made in March 1997	First national communication finalized	Finalized (base year: 1994)		T	Established	Established
Kazakstan	17 May 1995	November 1998	Ongoing	Completed (1996, base year: 1990)	Completed ( August 1998)	T	Proposed	Established
Kenya	30 Aug 1994		Project under preparation	Ongoing (base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 9 months)	T	Established	Proposed
Kiribati	7 Feb 1995		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Completed (December 1997, base year: 1990) Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1999, base year: 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 years)		Established	Established
Kuwait	28 Dec 1994					T
Lao People's Democratic Republic	4 Jan 1995	December 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 31 December 1998)	T	Established	Established
Lebanon	15 Dec 1994	March 1999	Ongoing	Completed (June1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: March 1999)	T	Established	Established
Lesotho	7 Feb 1995	February 1999	Ongoing	Completed (April 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	T	Established	Established
Malawi	21 Apr 1994		Ongoing	Completed (December 1997)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: last quarter of year 1998)		Established
Malaysia	13 Jul 1994	Early 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing ( base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: early 1999)		Established	Established
Maldives	9 Nov 1992		Ongoing (project started in 1998 and should last 4 years)	Ongoing (project started in 1998 and should last 4 years)	Ongoing (project started in 1998 and should last 4 years)	T	Established	Established
Mali	28 Dec 1994		Ongoing	Completed (July 1998, base year: 1995)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1 year)	T	Established	Established
Malta	17 Mar 1994		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)
Marshall Islands	8 Oct 1992	February 2001	Ongoing/ PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: September 1998)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: end of PICCAP)		Established
Mauritania	20 Jan 1994	July 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing		Proposed	Proposed
Mauritius	4 Sep 1992	December 1998	Ongoing	Completed ( 31 October 1996, base year: 1990) Completed (15 January 1998, base year: 1995)	Completed	T	Established	Established
Mexico	11 Mar 1993	Submission made in December 1997	First national communication finalized (May 1997) Second national communication ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	Finalized (September 1995, base year: 1990)	Finalized Ongoing (for Second national communication, expected date of completion: December 1998)	T	Established	Established
Micronesia (Federated States of)	18 Nov 1993	Submission made in December 1997	First national communication finalized	Finalized (February 1995, base year: 1990) Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Finalized
Mongolia	30 Sep 1993		Project under preparation (expected duration of work: 6 to 9 months)	Completed (December 1997, base year: 1990)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 14 months)		Proposed	Established
Morocco	28 Dec 1995	March 1999	Project under preparation	Completed (1995, base year: 1990) Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1999, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1999)	T	Established
Mozambique	25 Aug 1995	October 1999	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 24 months)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998, base year: 1990)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 24 months)	T	Proposed	Established
Myanmar	25 Nov 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing		T
Namibia	16 May 1995	November 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1998)		Established
Nauru	11 Nov 1993		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)
Nepal	2 May 1994		Project under way (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Nicaragua	31 Oct 1995	June 2000	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years )	To be initiated	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 years )		Established	Proposed
Niger	25 Jul 1995	July 2000	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	T	Established	Established
Nigeria	29 Aug 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years )	Ongoing		T	Established	Established
Niue	28 Feb 1996	December 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: September 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: August 1999)		Established	Established
Oman	8 Feb 1995		Ongoing	Completed (November 1996) draft final report	Ongoing	T	Established
Pakistan	1 Jun 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 18-24 months)	First draft completed (June 1997, base year: 1990)	Ongoing		Proposed	Proposed
Panama	23 May 1995		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years )	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years )	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years )	T	Proposed	Established
Papua New Guinea	16 Mar 1993		Ongoing
Paraguay	24 Feb 1994		Project under preparation (expected duration of work: 1 year)	To be initiated (base year:1990)	To be initiated	T	Established	Established
Peru	7 Jun 1993	1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing	T	Established	Established
Philippines	2 Aug 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	To be initiated	T	Established	Established
Qatar	18 Apr 1996
Republic of Korea	14 Dec 1993	Submission made in February 1998	First national communication finalized	Finalized (base year: 1990)	Finalized	T	Proposed	Proposed
Republic of Moldova	9 Jun 1995		Ongoing			T	Proposed	Proposed
Saint Kitts and Nevis	7 Jan 1993		Ongoing	To be initiated (base year 1994)	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Saint Lucia	14 Jun 1993	March 1999	Ongoing			T	Established
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	7 Jan 1993		Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing
Samoa	29 Nov 1994		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	T	Established	Proposed
San Marino	28 Oct 1994
Saudi Arabia	28 Dec 1994
Senegal	17 Oct 1994	Submission made in December 1997	First national communication finalized Second national communication ongoing	Finalized ( base year: 1994)	Finalized	T	Established	Established
Seychelles	22 Sep 1992	April 1999	Ongoing	Completed (July 1997, submitted December 1997, base year: 1995)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	T	Established	Established
Sierra Leone	22 Jun 1995		Project under way	To be initiated (base year: 1994)
Singapore	29 May 1997	July 2000	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: July 2000)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: July 1999)			Established
Solomon Islands	28 Dec 1994		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	T
South Africa	29 Aug 1997	July 2000	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)		T	Established	Proposed
Sri Lanka	23 Nov 1993	December 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: June 1999, base year:1990)	To be initiated (expected date of completion: December 1999)	T	Established	Established
Sudan	19 Nov 1993	October 1999	Ongoing	To be initiated	To be initiated
Suriname	14 Oct 1997	2000	Project under way (expected duration of work: 18 months)	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: July 1999)	T	Established	Proposed
Swaziland	7 Oct 1996		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 6 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 9 months)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Syrian Arab Republic	4 Jan 1996	March 1999	Ongoing	Completed (April 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: March 1999)	T	Established
Thailand	28 Dec 1994	June 1999	Ongoing	Completed (June 1997, base year: 1990) Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: January 1999)	T	Established	Established
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	28 Jan 1998
Togo	8 Mar 1995		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 14 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 14 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 15 months)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Trinidad and Tobago	24 Jun 1994		Ongoing			T
Tunisia	15 Jul 1993	May 1999	Ongoing	Completed (May 1998, base year: 1994)	To be initiated		Established	Established
Turkmenistan	5 Jun 1995	30 Sept 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 30 September 1998)	T	Established	Established
Tuvalu	26 Oct 1993		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	T
Uganda	8 Sep 1993		Project under way			T
United Arab Emirates	29 Dec 1995
United Republic of Tanzania	17 Apr 1996		Ongoing	Completed ( 1994, (base year: 1990)	Ongoing		Established	Established
Uruguay	18 Aug 1994	Submission made in October 1997	First national communication finalized	Finalized ( March 1997, base year: 1990); Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998, base year: 1994)	Finalized	T	Established	Established
Uzbekistan	20 Jun 1993	March 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998, base year: 1990)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: October 1998)	T	Established	Established
Vanuatu	25 Mar 1993		Ongoing/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Ongoing (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 1997-1999)	T
Venezuela	28 Dec 1994		Ongoing (expected duration of work: 22 months)	Completed (May 1996, base year: 1990) To be initiated expected duration of work: 18 months, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 18 months)	T	Proposed	Proposed
Viet Nam	16 Nov 1994		Project underway	Completed (March 1996 Base year: 1990) To be initiated (Base year: 1994)	Ongoing		Established	Proposed
Yemen	21 Feb 1996	June 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998, base year: 1995)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: January 1999)	T	Established
Yugoslavia	3 Sep 1997					T
Zambia	28 May 1993	August 1999	Ongoing	Completed (April 1998, base year: 1994)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)		Proposed	Established
Zimbabwe	3 Nov 1992	Submission made in May 1998	First national communication finalized	Finalized (March 1998, base year: 1994)	Finalized	T	Established	Established

Note: PICCAP = Pacific Island Climate Change Assistance Programme