FCCC/CP/1997/INF.3

Distr.

GENERAL

FCCC/CP/1997/INF.3

25 November 1997

ENGLISH ONLY

CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

Third session

Kyoto, 1-10 December 1997

Item 3 (a) (ii) of the provisional agenda

COMMUNICATIONS FROM PARTIES NOT INCLUDED

IN ANNEX I TO THE CONVENTION

SECRETARIAT ACTIVITIES RELATING TO TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO PARTIES

A Synopsis

At its second session, the Conference of the Parties (COP), by its decision 3/CP.2, requested the secretariat to prepare a progress report on the state of advancement of activities in the area of technical cooperation, including those known as CC:TRAIN, CC:FORUM, CC:INFO and CC:SUPPORT, for consideration by the sixth session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) and to report to the Conference of the Parties at its third session.
This document summarizes and updates, in synoptical form, information concerning the above areas on which the secretariat had reported to the SBI since the second session of the COP and which included, in particular, a table showing progress in the preparation of national communications from non-Annex I Parties⁽¹⁾. The synopsis contains the following tables:

Table 1: "Status of preparation of national communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention"; Table 2: "Secretariat participation in regional workshops;

Table 3: "CC:TRAIN national workshops"; Table 4: "CC:TRAIN training material";

Table 5: "CC:FORUM"; and Table 6: "CC:INFO national Web site initiative". It should be noted that the activities referred to in decision 3/CP.2 as CC:SUPPORT are contained in a project document prepared by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and submitted for approval to the Global Environment Facility (GEF).

FCCC/CP/1997/INF.3

GE.97

Table 1. Status of Preparation of National Communications

from Parties Not Included in Annex I to the Convention

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Albania	3 Oct 1994		Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	Completed (a project proposal was completed in June 1996)		Proposed	Proposed
Algeria	9 Jun 1993	Aug 2000	Project underway
Antigua and Barbuda	2 Feb 1993		Project underway
Argentina	11 Mar 1994	Submission made in July 1997	First National Communication finalized	Finalized	Finalized		Established	Established
Armenia	14 May 1993		Ongoing					Established
Azerbaijan	16 May 1995		Project underway	To be initiated (expected duration of work: March 1998)	Completed (January 1997)		Established	Proposed
Bahamas	34421		Project underway (expected duration of work: 18 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 12 months)	Ongoing
Bahrain	28 Dec 1994	July 1999	Project underway
Bangladesh*	15 Apr 1994		Project under preparation	Completed (July 1996)	Ongoing			Established
Barbados	34415		Project underway	To be initiated	To be initiated
Benin*	30 Jun 1994	September 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)			Established
Belize	31 Oct 1994		Project underway
Bhutan*	25 Aug 1995	September 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: June 1998)			Established	Established
Bolivia	3 Oct 1994		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 12 months)	Completed (October 1996)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)			Established
Botswana	27 Jan 1994	Mid to late 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing		Proposed	Proposed
Brazil	28 Feb 1994	Early 1998	Ongoing

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Burkina Faso*	2 Sep 1993		Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated	To be initiated		Established	Established
Burundi*	6 Jan 1997
Cambodia*	18 Dec 1995		Project underway (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)		Proposed	Proposed
Cameroon	19 Oct 1994	September 1998	Ongoing
Cape Verde*	29 Mar 1995		Project underway
Central African Republic*	10 Mar 1993		Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated	To be initiated		Established	Proposed
Chad*	7 Jun 1994
Chile	22 Dec 1994		Ongoing				Established	Proposed
China	5 Jan 1993		Ongoing	Ongoing
Colombia	22 Mar 1995		Ongoing	Nearing completion				Established
Comoros*	31 Oct 1994	August 1999	Project under preparation

Congo*	14 Oct 1996	August 1999	Project underway
Cook Islands	20 Apr 1993		Project underway/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-99)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 1997-99)
Costa Rica	26 Aug 1994	Early 1998	Ongoing			Established	Established
Côte d'Ivoire	29 Nov 1994	August 1999	Project under preparation

*Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Cuba	5 Jan 1994	December 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: June 1998)	To be initiated ( expected date of completion: June 1999)		Established	Established
Cyprus	35717
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	5 Dec 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: Dec 1997)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 months)		Established	Established
Democratic Republic of the Congo*	9 Jan 95		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 24 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 12 months)	To be initiated (GHG mitigation programmes- expected duration of work: 8 months)		Established	Proposed
Djibouti*	27 Aug 1995	August 1999	Project under preparation
Dominica	21 Jun 1993		Project underway
Ecuador	23 Feb 1993		To be initiated	Ongoing	To be initiated		Established	Established
Egypt	5 Dec 1994	July 1999	Ongoing				Established	Established
El Salvador	4 Dec 1995		Ongoing				Established	Established
Eritrea*	24 Apr 1995		Project underway
Ethiopia*	5 Apr 1994		Project underway
Fiji	25 Feb 1993		Ongoing	Ongoing	To be initiated
Gambia*	10 Jun 1994	June 1999	Project underway	Completed (November 1994)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: June 1997 - June 1999)		Established	Established
Georgia	29 Jul 1994	January 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: June 1998)	Completed (March 1996)		Established	Established
Ghana	6 Sep 1995	Early 1998	Project underway	Ongoing			Established	Established
Grenada	11 Aug 1994

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu- nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party			General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Guatemala	15 Dec 1995		Project underway
Guinea*	7 May 1993		Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years )	To be initiated	Completed (Feb-May 1997)		Established	Proposed
Guinea-Bissau*	27 Oct 1995		Project underway
Guyana	29 Aug 1994		Project under preparation
Haiti*	25 Sep 1996		Project under preparation	To be initiated	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Honduras	19 Oct 1995		Project underway
India	1 Nov 1993		Project under preparation	Ongoing				Established
Indonesia	23 Aug 1994		Ongoing	Completed (May 1996)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: end of 1997)		Established	Established
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	18 Jul 1996		Project underway
Israel	4 Jun 1996
Jamaica	6 Jan 1995		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)		Proposed
Jordan	12 Nov 1993	Submission made in March 1997	First National Communication finalized	Finalized			Established	Established
Kazakhstan	17 May 1995
Kenya	30 Aug 1994	July 1998	Project under preparation	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 97)			Established	Established
Kiribati*	34736		Project underway/PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Completed (February 1996)	To be initiated
Kuwait	28 Dec 1994

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
			General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team

Lao People's Democratic Republic *	4 Jan 1995		Ongoing			Established	Established
Lebanon	15 Dec 1994	October 1999	Ongoing
Lesotho	7 Feb 1995	October 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing	Established	Established
Liechtenstein	22 Jun 1994
Malawi *	21 Apr 1994		Project underway
Malaysia	13 Jul 1994	December 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	Established	Established
Maldives*	9 Nov 1992	1998	Ongoing	To be initiated (expected starting date: 1997-8)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1998)	Established	Established
Mali*	28 Dec 1994		Ongoing
Malta	17 Mar 1994		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 3 months)
Marshall Islands	8 Oct 1992		Project underway / PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	Completed	To be initiated
Mauritania*	20 Jan 1994	July 1999	Project underway
Mauritius	4 Sep 1992	Early 1998	Ongoing	Completed for 1990 data (31 October 1996)	Ongoing	Established	Established
Mexico	11 Mar 1993	December 1997	Completed May 1997	Completed	Ongoing (expected date of completion: end of 1997)	Established	Established
Micronesia (Federated States of)	18 Nov 1993		Ongoing	Ongoing for 1994 data (1990 data completed in February 1995)	Ongoing (completion expected before December 1997)
Moldova, Republic of	9 Jun 1995		Project underway			Proposed	Proposed

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
			General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team

Mongolia	30 Sep 1993		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 6 to 9 months)	Ongoing	To be initiated	Proposed	Established
Morocco	28 Dec 1995	Apr. 2000	Project under preparation
Mozambique*	25 Aug 1995	October 1999	Project underway
Myanmar *	25 Nov 1994		Ongoing
Namibia	16 May 1995	1998	Ongoing
Nauru	11 Nov 1993		Project underway/ PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP)
Nepal *	2 May 1994		Project under preparation
Nicaragua	31 Oct 1995		Project under preparation
Niger *	25 Jul 1995		Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	Established	Established
Nigeria	29 Aug 1994	1998	Project underway (expected duration of work: 2 years )	Ongoing (expected date of completion: 1998)		Established	Established
Niue	28 Feb 1996	August 1999	Ongoing	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: Jan-May 97)
Oman	8 Feb 1995	January 1998	Ongoing	Completed (November 1996) Draft Final Report	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1997)	Established
Pakistan	1 Jun 1994	August 1998	Ongoing	Completed	Ongoing
Panama	23 May 1995		Project underway			Established
Papua New Guinea	16 Mar 1993		Project underway

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Paraguay	24 Feb 1994		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 1 year).	To be initiated	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Peru	7 Jun 1993	October 1998	Ongoing	Completed for 1990 baseline and ongoing for 1994 baseline	Ongoing		Established	Established
Philippines	2 Aug 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing	To be initiated		Established	Established
Qatar	18 Apr 1996
Republic of Korea	14 Dec 1993	December 1997	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: end of 1997)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: end of 1997)		Proposed	Proposed
Saint Kitts and Nevis	7 Jan 1993		Project under preparation	To be initiated	To be initiated		Proposed	Proposed
Saint Lucia	14 Jun 1993	March 1999	Project underway
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	35400
Samoa *	29 Nov 1994		Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: November 1997)		Established	Proposed
San Marino	28 Oct 1994
Saudi Arabia	28 Dec 1994	1997
Senegal	17 Oct 1994	December 1997	Completed	First inventory completed in July 1994; second inventory is ongoing	Ongoing		Established	Established
Seychelles	22 Sep 1992	First half of 1998	Ongoing	July 1997	Ongoing		Established
Singapore	35578
Sierra Leone*	22 Jun 1995		Project underway

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
Slovenia	1 Dec 1995		Project underway				Proposed
Solomon Islands *	28 Dec 1994		Project underway / PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years )	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP)	To be initiated
South Africa	29 Aug 1997		Project under preparation
Sri Lanka	34295	1998	Ongoing	Ongoing	To be initiated
Sudan *	19 Nov 1993	October 1999	Ongoing	To be initiated	To be initiated
Suriname	35716
Swaziland	7 Oct 1996		To be initiated (expected duration of work: 2 years)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 6 months)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 9 months)		Proposed	Proposed
Syrian Arab Republic	4 Jan 1996
Thailand	28 Dec 1994		Project underway	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected duration of work: 6 months)		Established	Established
Togo *	8 Mar 1995		Project underway
Trinidad and Tobago	24 Jun 1994
Tunisia	15 Jul 1993	August 1999	Ongoing	Ongoing	To be initiated (expected date of completion: March 1998)		Established	Established
Turkmenistan	34854		Ongoing	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 1 year)	To be initiated (expected duration of work: 1 year)		Established	Established
Tuvalu *	26 Oct 1993		Project underway / PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years )	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP, expected duration of work: 1997-8)	To be initiated
Uganda *	8 Sep 1993		Project underway
United Arab Emirates	29 Dec 1995

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 1

(Continuation)

Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	Status of Preparation of National Communication			Institutional Arrangements
Party		Indicated Date of Submission of National Commu-nication	General Status	GHG Inventory	General Description of Steps		Climate Change Committee	Expert Technical Team
United Republic of Tanzania *	17 Apr 1996		Ongoing	Completed ( 1994)	Ongoing		Established	Established
Uruguay	18 Aug 1994	Submission made in Oct 1997	First National Communication finalized	First inventory completed in March 1997; second inventory is ongoing (expected date of completion: April 1998)	Finalized		Established	Established
Uzbekistan	20 Jun 1993	October 1998	Ongoing	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December 1998)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: June 1998)		Established	Established
Vanuatu *	25 Mar 1993		Project underway/ PICCAP (expected duration of work: 3 years)	To be initiated (as part of PICCAP)	To be initiated
Venezuela	28 Dec 1994			Completed (May 1996)
Viet Nam	16 Nov 1994	February 1998	Project under preparation	Completed (March 1996)	Ongoing (expected date of completion: December of 1997)		Established
Yemen *	21 Feb 1996	August 2000	Project underway	To be initiated	To be initiated
Zambia *	28 May 1993	April 1999	Ongoing				Established	Established
Zimbabwe	3 Nov 1992	December 1997	Ongoing	Ongoing	Ongoing		Established	Established

* Countries in italics: Least Developed Countries

Table 2. Secretariat Participation in Regional Workshops

Region/ Sub-region	Date	Place	Subject/Title	Organizer
Interregional	12-15 November 1996	Beijing, China	Preparation of initial national communications	USCSP
Interregional	18-23 November 1996	Bonn, Germany	Second CC:INFO Web workshop	UNFCCC secretariat
Interregional	25-26 February 1997	Bonn, Germany	Climate change project activities	GEF/UNFCCC secretariat
Interregional	35638	Bonn, Germany	Climate change project activities	GEF/UNFCCC secretariat
Interregional	35723	Bonn, Germany	Climate change project activities	GEF/UNFCCC secretariat
Africa/ Maghreb	3-4 October 1996	Tunis, Tunisia	Preparation of initial national communications	UNDP/GEF
Africa/ East Africa	24-25 November 1996	Nairobi, Kenya	Preparation of initial national communications	UNDP/UNEP/GEF
Africa	27 May - 6 June 1997	Kariba, Zimbabwe	Preparation of vulnerability and adaptation assessment	CC:TRAIN-UNDP/UNITAR/ Center for Environment and Research at the University of Waikato ( New Zealand)
Africa	28 - 30 August 1997	Dakar, Senegal	Preparation of initial national communications	Government of Senegal/ UNDP/UNEP/GEF
Asia/ Central Asia	12-14 November 1996	Tashkent, Uzbekistan	Preparation of initial national communications of non-Annex I countries and overview of implementation of the Convention	UNFCCC secretariat/ National Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the Problems of Climate Change/UNDP/UNEP
Asia and Pacific	4-8 November 1996	Suva, Fiji	Sixth Asia-Pacific seminar on climate change	Government of Japan
Asia and Pacific	6-8 January 1997	Jakarta, Indonesia	Preparation of initial national communications	USCSP
Asia and Pacific	7-10 July 1997	Fujiyoshida, Japan	Seventh Asia-Pacific seminar on climate change	Government of Japan/UNDP/GEF
Asia and Pacific	22-24 September 1997	Bangkok, Thailand	Second expert group meeting on regional co-operation for climate change	Government of Japan/ESCAP
Latin America and Caribbean/ Latin America	30 September - 2 October 1997	Foz do Iguacu, Brazil	Preparation of initial national communications	Government of Brazil/UNDP/GEF
Latin America and Caribbean/ Caribbean	20-21 November 1997	Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago	Preparation of initial national communications	UNDP/GEF
Latin America and Caribbean/ Latin America	24 November - 5 December 1997	Lima, Peru	Preparation of climate change vulnerability and assessment	CC:TRAIN -UNDP/ UNITAR/Fundacion Futuro Latinoamericano (FFLA)

Table 3. CC:TRAIN National Workshops

Country	Date	Subject/Title	Organizer
Benin	7-8 April 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Benin	9-11 April 1997	GHG Inventories	CC:TRAIN -UNDP/UNITAR/ENDA-TM
Benin	8-12 December 1997	Preparing a climate change mitigation analysis	CC:TRAIN -UNDP/UNITAR/ENDA-TM
Bolivia	5-7 November 1997	National implementation strategies	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Ecuador	13-14 May 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Chad	28-29 March 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Chad	1-3 April 1997	GHG Inventories	CC:TRAIN -UNDP/UNITAR/ENDA-TM
Chad	1-5 December 1997	Preparing a climate change mitigation analysis	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR/ENDA-TM
Cuba	21-23 January 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Ecuador	13-14 May 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Peru	21-22 April 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Paraguay	17-18 April 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN- UNDP/UNITAR
Senegal	16-17 January 1997	Climate change and the UNFCCC	CC:TRAIN- UNDP/UNITAR
Zimbabwe	10-11 June 1997	Preparation of initial national communication	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR
Zimbabwe	22-26 September 1997	Preparing a climate change mitigation analysis	CC:TRAIN - UNDP/UNITAR

Table 4. CC:TRAIN Training Material

Subject	Stage of Implementation
Training package on climate change and the UNFCCC	Updated - Version 2
Training package on preparing a vulnerability and adaptation assessment	Available
Training package on preparing a greenhouse gas inventory	Available
Training package on preparing a mitigation analysis	Under preparation
Manual and training package on preparing a national implementation strategy	Under preparation
Training package on preparing national communications	Under preparation

Table 5. CC:FORUM

Title	Date	Place
Fifth CC:FORUM Meeting	19 December 1996	Geneva, Switzerland
Sixth CC:FORUM Meeting	26 February 1997	Bonn, Germany
Seventh CC:FORUM Meeting	35641	Bonn, Germany
Eighth CC:FORUM Meeting	35723	Bonn, Germany

Table 6. CC:INFO National Web Site Initiative

Country	Stage of Implementation	Country	Stage of Implementation
Azerbaijan	Included in enabling activity project	Mozambique	Included in enabling activity project
Bahrain	Included in enabling activity project	Nicaragua	Included in enabling activity project
Cameroon	Included in enabling activity project	Niue	Included in enabling activity project
Central African Republic	Included in enabling activity project	Panama	Included in enabling activity project
Egypt	On line *	Philippines	Included in enabling activity project
El Salvador	Included in enabling activity project	Senegal	On line *
The Gambia	Included in enabling activity project	Seychelles	On line *
Guatemala	Included in enabling activity project	Sri Lanka	Included in enabling activity project
Guyana	Included in enabling activity project	Thailand	On line *
Iran	Included in enabling activity project	Togo	Included in enabling activity project
Jordan	On line *	Ukraine	Included in enabling activity project
Kenya	Included in enabling activity project	United Republic of Tanzania	Included in enabling activity project
Lithuania	Included in enabling activity project	Venezuela	On line *
Malaysia	On line *	Zambia	On line *
Mauritania	Included in enabling activity project	Zimbabwe	On line *

* Link available under the UNFCCC Web Site - www.unfccc.de

LIST OF ACRONYMS:

CC:INFO - Climate Change Information Exchange Programme

CC:FORUM - Climate Change Forum

CC:TRAIN - Climate Change Training Programme

ENDA - TM - Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde

ESCAP - Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

FFLA - Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano

GEF - Global Environment Facility

PICCAP - Pacific Islands Climate Change Assistance Programme

UNDP - United Nations Development Programme

UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme

UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

UNITAR - United Nations Institute for Training and Research

USCSP - United States Country Studies Program

- - - - -

1. Reports to the fifth, sixth and seventh sessions of the SBI (see documents FCCC/SBI/1997/INF.1, FCCC/SBI/1997/INF. 3, FCCC/SBI/1997/9 and FCCC/SBI/1997/13).