Distr.
GENERAL
FCCC/CP/1996/15/Add.1
29 October 1996
Original: ENGLISH
CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES
Page
I. DECISIONS ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES
Decision
1/CP.2 Date and venue of the third session of the Conference
of the Parties 4
2/CP.2 Programme of work of the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation, 1996-1997 5
3/CP.2 Secretariat activities relating to technical and
financial support to Parties 6
4/CP.2 Future work of the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13
7
GE.96-
Page
Decision
5/CP.2 Linkage between the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13
and the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate 8
6/CP.2 Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change 9
7/CP.2 Development and transfer of technologies 11
8/CP.2 Activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase
14
9/CP.2 Communications from Parties included in Annex I
to the Convention: guidelines, schedule and
process for consideration 15
10/CP.2 Communications from Parties not included in Annex I
to the Convention: guidelines, facilitation and
process for consideration 42
11/CP.2 Guidance to the Global Environment Facility
52
12/CP.2 Memorandum of Understanding between the
Conference of the Parties and the Council
of the Global Environment Facility 55
13/CP.2 Memorandum of Understanding between the
Conference of the Parties and the Council
of the Global Environment Facility: annex
on the determination of funding necessary
and available for the implementation
of the Convention 60
14/CP.2 Establishment of the permanent secretariat and
arrangements for its functioning 61
15/CP.2 Agreement concerning the headquarters
of the Convention secretariat 63
16/CP.2 Income and budget performance, resource deployment
for 1997 64
17/CP.2 Volume of documentation 67
Page
II. RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE
PARTIES
Resolution
1/CP.2 Expression of gratitude to the Government of
Switzerland 68
III. OTHER ACTION TAKEN BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE
PARTIES
1. Action by the Depositary of the Convention 69
2. Intergovernmental technical advisory panel(s) 69
3. Special session of the General Assembly on Agenda 21
69
4. Division of labour between the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific
and Technological Advice 69
5. The Geneva Ministerial Declaration 70
6. Calendar of meetings 70
Annex The Geneva Ministerial Declaration 71
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article 7.4 of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change,
Recalling General Assembly resolution 40/243 of 18
December 1985,
Recalling its decision 1/CP.1 on the Berlin Mandate and
decision 21/CP.1 on arrangements for the third session of the
Conference of the Parties,
Having received the offer of the Government of Japan to
host the third session of the Conference of the Parties in Kyoto and
to cover the related costs involved,
1. Accepts with gratitude the generous offer of the
Government of Japan to host the third session of the Conference of
the Parties;
2. Decides that the third session of the Conference of
the Parties shall be held in Kyoto, Japan, from 1 to 12 December
1997;
3. Requests the Executive Secretary to make satisfactory
arrangements with the Government of Japan for it to host the
conference in Kyoto and to meet the related costs.
8th plenary meeeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling its decision 6/CP.1 on the subsidiary bodies
established by the Convention,
1. Takes note of the programme of work 1996-1997
developed by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation contained in
document FCCC/SBI/1996/11;
2. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to
continue to undertake the tasks described in the programme of work
with the assistance of the secretariat and to report on its work to
the Conference of the Parties at its third session.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Having considered the progress report of the secretariat
on this subject, in particular, on the activities known as CC:INFO,
CC:TRAIN, CC:FORUM and CC:SUPPORT (FCCC/SBI/1996/10),
1. Takes note of the technical and financial support
provided by the secretariat to Parties, particularly developing
country Parties, to enhance their capacity to effectively implement
their commitments under the Convention;
2. Takes note of the initial steps taken by the
secretariat to expand and strengthen CC:INFO by providing assistance,
on request, to Parties in the establishment of national sites on the
World Wide Web regarding the implementation of the
Convention;
3. Takes note also of the initial steps taken by the
secretariat to expand and strengthen CC:FORUM by promoting, in
cooperation with the United Nations Development Programme, the design
and initiation of a programme in support of the preparation of
national communications (CC:SUPPORT);
4. Urges all Parties to continue to make contributions to
the Trust Fund for Supplementary Activities;
5. Requests the secretariat to prepare a progress report
for consideration by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation at its
sixth session on the state of advancement of these activities in the
area of technical cooperation, and to report to the Conference of the
Parties at its third session.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article 13 of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change, and decision 20/CP.1,
Having considered the report of the Ad Hoc Group on
Article 13 on its first session (FCCC/AG13/1995/2), in which the
Group concluded that the consideration of a multilateral consultative
process and its design would take considerable time and would not be
completed before the close of the second session of the Conference of
the Parties,
1. Decides that the work of the Group should continue
beyond the second session of the Conference of the
Parties;
2. Requests the Group to report to the Conference of the
Parties at its third session on the progress of its work, if its work
is not completed by that time;
3. Further requests that, if the Group's work has been
completed by the third session of the Conference of the Parties, it
should, in accordance with decision 20/CP.1, provide the Conference
of the Parties with a report on its findings.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article 13 of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change and the work being done by the Ad Hoc
Group on Article 13,
Recalling also the work of the Ad Hoc Group on
the Berlin Mandate,
Decides that the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate may, in any consideration of a multilateral consultative process, seek such advice as may be deemed necessary from the
Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 on this matter.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling the mandate of the Subsidiary Body for
Scientific and Technological Advice as given in Article 9 of the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and decision
6/CP.1 to provide assessments of the state of scientific knowledge
relating to climate change and its effects (Article 9.2 (a)) and, in
this context, to:
(a) Summarize and, where necessary, convert the latest
international scientific, technical, socio-economic and other
information provided by competent bodies, including, inter
alia, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, into forms
appropriate to the needs of the Conference of the
Parties;
(b) Compile and synthesize scientific, technical and
socio-economic information on the global situation on climate change,
provided by, inter alia, the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, as well as on the latest developments in science, to
the extent possible, and assess the implications thereof for the
implementation of the Convention; and formulate requests to competent
international scientific and technical bodies,
Recalling also that the Subsidiary Body for Scientific
and Technological Advice held an exchange of views on the Second
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
during its second and third sessions (FCCC/SBSTA/1996/8 and
FCCC/SBSTA/1996/13), and the recommendations of the Subsidiary Body
for Scientific and Technological Advice,
1. Notes that the Second Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change needs to be considered as a
whole;
2. Considers the Second Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to be the most
comprehensive and authoritative assessment now available of the
scientific and technical information regarding global climate
change;
3. Expresses its appreciation to the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, particularly its Chairman and all its
authors and scientists, for their excellent work in drawing up the
Second Assessment Report;
4. Welcomes the commitment of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change to undertake the work programme requested in
support of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological
Advice and the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate;
5. Urges continuing cooperation between the Convention
bodies and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling the relevant provisions of chapter 34 of Agenda
21 on transfer of environmentally sound technology, cooperation and
capacity-building,
Recalling also its decision 13/CP.1 on transfer of
technology,
Pursuant to the relevant provisions of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change, in particular, Articles 4.1,
4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 9.2 and 11.1,
Having considered the progress report presented by the
Convention secretariat on commitments related to the transfer of
environmentally sound technologies and know-how, as well as the
inventory and assessment of environmentally sound and economically
viable technologies and know-how conducive to mitigating and adapting
to climate change,
Taking note of paragraph 46 of document FCCC/CP/1996/12,
wherein it is stated that the information on transfer of technology
from Parties included in Annex II to the Convention (Annex II
Parties) "differed considerably in format, thoroughness and level of
detail and consequently a comprehensive portrayal of technology
transfer activities is not possible at this stage",
Expressing concern over the slow progress in the implementation of decision 13/CP.1,
1. Reaffirms the full text of decision 13/CP.1 on
transfer of technology;
2. Requests the Convention secretariat:
(a) To further enhance its progress reports on access to, and the
transfer of, environmentally sound technology in accordance with
decision 13/CP.1, paragraphs 1 (a) and (b) and 2 (a) and (b), and
Article 4.5 of the Convention, based on the national communications
from Parties included in Annex I to the Convention (Annex I Parties)
due in April 1997; and to make suggestions with regard to further
improvements in the format for information on existing
environmentally sound technologies and know-how from Annex II
Parties;
(b) To give high priority to the development and completion of a
survey of the initial technology needs, as well as technology
information needs, of Parties not included in Annex I to the
Convention (non-Annex I Parties), with a view to providing a progress
report to the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice
at its fourth session;
(c) To initiate action, including consultations with Parties and
relevant international organizations, inter alia, taking
into account the ongoing work of the Climate Technology Initiative,
to identify existing technology information activities and needs,
with a view to developing options for building on existing
specialized information centres and networks to provide fast and
one-stop databases relating to state-of-the-art, environmentally
sound and economically feasible technology and know-how in a manner
that would be readily accessible to developing countries. The options
should consider the need and resources required for improving
existing, and setting up additional, technology information centres
and networks;
(d) To expedite the preparation of reports on adaptation
technology and the terms of transfer of technology and know-how
conducive to mitigating and adapting to climate change, and, in
preparing these reports, to draw on nominees with expertise in these
fields from Parties. Such a roster of experts and its use in
facilitating the work of the Convention secretariat should be
evaluated by the Subsidiary Body on Scientific and Technological
Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, taking into
account the ongoing discussion on Intergovernmental Technical
Advisory Panel(s);
(e) To organize a round table on transfer of technologies and
know-how in conjunction with the third session of the Conference of
the Parties;
3. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to
evaluate and report on the transfer of technologies being undertaken
between Annex II Parties and other Parties, and to do so by drawing
on a roster of experts as referred to above, and to take into account
the planned technical report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change on methodological and technical aspects of technology
transfer;
4. Urges:
(a) Annex II Parties to include in their national communications
the measures taken for the transfer of technology in order to enable
the Convention secretariat to compile, analyse and submit the
relevant reports to each session of the Conference of the
Parties;
(b) Other Parties to include in their communications, where
possible, information on measures taken for the transfer of
technology in order to enable the Convention secretariat to compile,
analyse and then submit the above-mentioned documents to each session
of the Conference of the Parties;
(c) Annex II Parties to expedite their efforts in the transfer of
technology in fulfilment of their commitments under Article 4.5 and
in recognition of Article 4.7 of the Convention;
(d) All Parties, particularly Annex II Parties, to improve the
enabling environment, including the removal of barriers and the
establishment of incentives, for private sector activities that
advance the transfer of technologies to address climate change and
its adverse impacts;
(e) Annex I Parties to contribute technical and other expertise to
the work of the Convention secretariat related to specialized
technology information centres;
(f) In this context, non-Annex I Parties to cooperate with the
secretariat in the survey of technology needs and capacities to the
extent their own capacities permit and based on their current
national assessments;
(g) Non-Annex I Parties to communicate initial information to the
Convention secretariat not later than 1 December 1996 regarding
technologies and know-how required to address climate change and its
adverse effects that could be compiled by the secretariat into a
detailed list of technology needs required by developing country
Parties, taking into account that more elaborate technology needs
would be included in their initial national communications;
and
5. Decides to review, at the third session of the
Conference of the Parties, and at each session of the Conference of
the Parties thereafter, the implementation of Article 4.5 and 4.1(c)
of the Convention as a separate agenda item under "matters relating
to commitments".
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Reaffirming its decision 5/CP.1 on activities implemented
jointly, whereby the Conference of the Parties is to review the
progress of the pilot phase with a view to taking appropriate
decisions on its continuation,
1. Takes note of the progress report on activities
implemented jointly (FCCC/CP/1996/14 and Add.1);
2. Decides to continue the pilot phase;
3. Invites Parties to report in accordance with the
initial reporting framework adopted by the Subsidiary Body for
Scientific and Technological Advice at its second session
(FCCC/SBSTA/1996/8, annex IV);
4. Requests the secretariat to support the work on issues
relating to activities implemented jointly as agreed by the
Subsidiary Body for Implementation and the Subsidiary Body for
Scientific and Technological Advice.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling the relevant provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in particular, Articles 4, 5, 6, 7.2, 9.2(b), 10.2, 11 and 12,
Recalling its decision 2/CP.1 on review of first
communications from the Parties included in Annex I to the
Convention, decision 3/CP.1 on preparation and submission of national
communications from the Parties included in Annex I to the Convention
and decision 4/CP.1 on methodological issues,
Having considered the relevant recommendations of the
Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and those of
the Subsidiary Body for Implementation,
Recognizing that anthropogenic emissions and removals by
sinks of all greenhouse gases should be reported in a complete,
transparent and comparable way that avoids double-counting or
incomplete counting,
1. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and
Technological Advice to consider, at its fourth session, any other
possible additional revisions to the guidelines arising from,
inter alia, any modifications to the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories;
2. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and
Technological Advice to consider methodological issues relevant to
national communications and, in particular, at its fourth session, to
address those issues discussed in FCCC/SBSTA/1996/9/Add.1 and Add.2;
and, if relevant conclusions on such issues can be drawn, to revise
further the guidelines for the preparation of national communications
as appropriate;
3. Decides that Parties included in Annex I to the
Convention (Annex I Parties) should use the revised guidelines
contained in the annex to this decision for the preparation of their
second communications, taking into account decisions of the
Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice at its fourth
session and, unless modified or replaced, for subsequent
communications;
4. Requests Annex I Parties to submit to the secretariat, in accordance with
Article 12.1 and 12.2 of the Convention:
(a) A second national
communication(1) by 15 April 1997. For
those Parties which were due to submit the first communication in
1996, an update of this communication is to be submitted by the same
date; second national communications by Parties with economies in
transition should in principle be submitted not later than 15 April
1998;
(b) National inventory data on emissions by sources and removals
by sinks on an annual basis, by 15 April of each year, following the
principles contained in decision 3/CP.1;
5. Decides that the four Parties that have invoked
Article 4.6 of the Convention, requesting in their first
communications flexibility to use base years other than 1990, be
allowed this degree of flexibility, as follows:
Bulgaria: to use 1989 as a base year;
Hungary: to use the average of the years 1985 to 1987 as a base year;
Poland: to use 1988 as a base year;
Romania: to use 1989 as a base year;
6. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to
consider any additional requests on the basis of Article 4.6 of the
Convention and to take decisions as appropriate on its behalf, and to
report thereon to the Conference of the Parties;
7. Requests that the Annex I Parties with economies in
transition invoking Article 4.6 of the Convention in the
implementation of their commitments should do so by explicitly
indicating the nature of this flexibility (e.g., choice of a base
year other than 1990, use of the revised guidelines for the
preparation of national communications, schedule of submission of
national inventory data other than indicated in paragraph 4 (b)
above, etc.), and should state clearly the special consideration they
are seeking and provide an adequate explanation of their
circumstances;
8. Decides that the review process be continued in
accordance with the relevant decisions of the Conference of the
Parties;
9. Requests the secretariat to apply the procedures for
the review, including in-depth reviews, as defined in decision
2/CP.1, to second national communications from Annex I Parties; the
in-depth reviews are to be completed before the fifth session of the
Conference of the Parties;
10. Requests the secretariat to prepare the documentation
on the results of the review of second national communications,
including compilation and synthesis and/or other reports, according
to schedules to be adopted by the subsidiary bodies. A first
compilation and synthesis of second national communications from
Annex I Parties should be available for consideration by the
Conference of the Parties at its third session;
11. Urges those Annex I Parties that have not yet
submitted their national inventory data on emissions by sources and
removals by sinks, as requested by decision
3/CP.1, to do so as soon as possible;
12. Concludes, with respect to the reporting of national
communications by Annex I Parties, that:
(b) Annex I Parties are fulfilling their Article 4.2(b)
commitments to report in detail on national policies and measures on
the mitigation of climate change;
(c) Annex I Parties are fulfilling their Article 12.3 commitments
by reporting on their commitments regarding the transfer of
technology and the provision of financial resources;
13. Concludes, with respect to the implementation of the
Convention by Annex I Parties, that:
(a) Annex I Parties are fulfilling their Article 4.2 commitments
to implement national policies and take corresponding measures on the
mitigation of climate change but that, according to available
information, for many Annex I Parties urgent further actions will be
needed to return greenhouse gas emissions to their 1990 levels by
2000;
(b) The challenges which Annex I Parties currently face in meeting
the aim to return greenhouse gas emissions to their 1990 levels by
2000, and the efforts being made to address these challenges, will be
relevant for the negotiations in the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin
Mandate on commitments for the post-2000 period;
(d) There is a need to address the concern expressed by some
Parties that Parties included in Annex II to the Convention (Annex II
Parties) are falling short of their commitments related to the
transfer of technology and the provision of financial resources,
keeping in mind that other Parties noted that some Annex II Parties
are providing bilateral contributions and that all Annex II Parties
contribute to the Global Environment Facility, and noting that these
Parties are requested to enhance the reporting on these commitments
through applying the revised guidelines contained in the annex to
this decision.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
1. The guidelines for the preparation of communications by Parties
included in Annex I to the Convention (Annex I Parties) have three
principal purposes:
(a) To assist Annex I Parties in meeting their commitments under
Articles 4 and 12 of the Convention;
(b) To facilitate the process of considering the national
communications, including the preparation of useful technical
analysis and synthesis documentation, by encouraging the presentation
of information in ways that are consistent, transparent and
comparable; and
(c) To ensure that the Conference of the Parties has sufficient
information, in accordance with Article 4.2(d), to carry out its
responsibilities to review the implementation of the Convention and
the adequacy of the commitments in Article 4.2(a) and
(b).
Coverage
2. In accordance with Articles 4.1(j) and 12.1(b), a communication
should address the full range of a Party's actions to implement all
its Convention obligations, including those relating to adaptation,
research, education and other actions, in addition to those to limit
emissions and enhance sinks. With regard to Annex II Parties, this
would include measures to implement Article 4.3, 4.4 and
4.5.
3. In accordance with Articles 4 and 12, a communication should
address all anthropogenic emissions and removals of all greenhouse
gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol.
Cross-cutting issues
4. Quantitative data related to inventories and projections of
greenhouse gas emissions and removals should be presented on a
gas-by-gas basis in units of mass (Gg) with emissions by sources
listed separately from removals by sinks, except in cases where it is
technically impossible to separate information on sources and sinks
in the area of land-use change and forestry.
5. In addition to communicating emissions in units of mass,
Parties may choose also to use global warming potentials (GWPs) to
reflect their inventories and projections in carbon
dioxide-equivalent terms, using information provided by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its Second
Assessment Report. Any use of GWPs should be based on the effects of
the greenhouse gases over a 100-year time horizon. In addition,
Parties may also use other time horizons.
6. Taking into account the provisions of Article 4.2(b), the year
1990 should be the base year for
inventories(2). The provisions of
Article 4.6 are relevant in this context for the Parties included in
Annex I undergoing transition to a market economy, and those Parties
in their communications should propose to the Conference of the
Parties the kind of flexibility they are seeking pursuant to that
Article.
7. The transparency of national communications is fundamental to
the success of the process for the communication and consideration of
information. This transparency is particularly important for
inventories of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases and for
projections and assessments of the effects of measures.
8. When national communications present quantitative data related
to inventories and projections of greenhouse gas emission and removal
levels, the level of uncertainty associated with these data and
underlying assumptions should be discussed qualitatively and, where
possible, quantitatively.
9. Parties should provide additional relevant background
information to the secretariat, if possible, but not necessarily, in
a working language of the secretariat. Such information should
include documentation on emission factors used, activity data, and
other relevant assumptions, as well as technical reports on the
projections analysis.
10. When reporting on policies and measures and projections,
Parties may refer to the "Methods for assessment of mitigation
options" (chapter 27) and appendices 1-4, contained in "Climate
Change 1995: IPCC Second Assessment Report, Volume III,
Scientific-Technical Analyses of Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation
of Climate Change: Contribution of Working Group II of the
IPCC."
Inventories
11. Article 12.1(a) requires that communications include a
national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals
by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal
Protocol. At a minimum, information should be provided on the
following greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane
(CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), perfluorocarbons
(PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and sulphur hexafluoride
(SF6). Parties should also provide information on the
indirect greenhouse gases carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides
(NOx) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs),
and are encouraged to provide data on sulphur oxides. As new gases
with significant global warming potentials are identified, they
should be included in the communications. Where methodological or
data gaps exist, information should be presented in a transparent
manner.
12. If Parties carry out any adjustments to inventory data, for
example for climate variations or trade patterns in electricity,
these adjustments should be reported in a transparent manner, with
clear indications of the method followed. Both adjusted and
unadjusted data should be provided.
13. Parties should also provide greenhouse gas inventory information for years subsequent to 1990. Data should be provided for each year (where appropriate, updated) for the period 1990-1994 and, where available, for 1995, for the second national communication. Subsequent national communications should provide data from 1990 and up to three years prior to the submission year, and, if possible, later years. If possible, data should also be provided in an electronic version which is compatible with the requirements of the secretariat.
14. The IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
should be used in estimating, reporting and verifying inventory data.
These inventory guidelines offer a default methodology available to
any country that wishes to use it. Countries that already have an
established and comparable methodology could continue to use that
methodology, provided that they include sufficient documentation to
back up the data presented. For Parties using the CORINAIR
methodology or other "bottom-up" approaches, this would entail
providing activity data and disaggregated emission factors as well as
details of the correspondence between the IPCC source categories and
those of the CORINAIR or other "bottom-up" approach used. Standard
tables and formats recommended in the IPCC Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories should be used for presentation of
data.
15. With regard to possible double counting or non-counting of
emissions, Parties should provide a brief description of how
feedstocks have been considered in the industrial processes source
category of the inventory, in particular in the production of iron
and steel and non-ferrous metals, and in the chemical and
petro-chemical industry. Parties should also provide a brief
explanation of the way in which CO2 emissions in the waste
source category have been considered, in particular indicating
whether the IPCC methodology has been followed in excluding
CO2 emissions from organic waste combustion or aerobic
decomposition of biogenic products and including emissions from
fossil-fuel based products (plastics and hydrocarbons).
16. To ensure transparency, enough information should be provided to allow the reconstruction of the inventory from national activity data, emission factors and other assumptions, and to assess the results. Annex I Parties should follow the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories with respect to the presentation of methodologies, activity data, emission factors and other assumptions. Standard data tables do not provide the level of detail necessary to enable the reconstruction of an inventory. In this connection,
IPCC worksheet 1.1, or other equivalent documentation, indicating
the assumptions used to estimate CO2 emissions from fuel
combustion, in line with the IPCC Reference Approach, should be
provided.
17. In providing information on emissions from international
aviation and marine bunker fuels, and in accordance with the IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Parties should
include such data, in a separate category, in their inventories of
emissions on the basis of fuel sold and should, as far as possible,
not include them in total national emissions.
18. If Parties wish in addition to present their inventory data in
other forms, inter alia, greenhouse gas emissions per
capita, this information could be provided in a section of the
national communication dealing with basic data (national
circumstances). If possible, it would also be desirable to include
some information on historical trends (for example, emissions and
removals over the period 1970-1990) so as to put the inventory
information in context.
19. In providing information on sequestration and emissions of
carbon in the land-use change and forestry sector, as well as in
agricultural soils, Parties should provide the information in the
worksheets provided in the IPCC Guidelines for National Inventories,
or equivalent documentation. Emissions of other greenhouse gases
associated with these activities should also be listed, as
appropriate. Historical trends should be included where available.
Even if Parties do not use the IPCC default methodology, the results
should be presented using the IPCC reporting format.
Policies and measures
20. Article 12.2 requires Annex I Parties to communicate
information on policies and measures they have adopted to implement
their commitments under Article 4.2(a) and (b). The national
communications should describe all of a Party's policies and measures
implemented or committed to that the Party believes contribute
significantly to its efforts to reduce emissions and enhance sinks of
greenhouse gases. These actions need not have as a primary objective
the limitation of greenhouse gas emissions.
21. Parties are also encouraged to provide information on actions
implemented by regional and local governments or the private sector,
ensuring that double-counting is avoided. However, some aggregation
may be appropriate to maximize the utility of such information. The
communications could also note policies and measures that have been
adopted in the context of international or regional efforts towards
coordination, as appropriate, of economic and administrative
instruments in accordance with Article 4.2(e)(i).
22. The overall policy context for the policies and measures
adopted should be presented. This could include reference to other
relevant polices as well as elaboration of national greenhouse gas
targets.
23. Communications of policies and measures should be organized by
gas and by sector. This should, to the extent possible, be consistent
with the categories set out in the IPCC Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Wherever possible the description and
evaluation of each policy and measure should examine reductions in
all of the relevant gases listed in paragraph 11 above. Their
description should, in principle, be structured along the following
lines, as appropriate:(3)
Carbon dioxide
Cross-sectoral
Energy and transformation industries
Transport
Industry (energy-related)
Industry (non-energy)
Residential, commercial and institutional
Fugitive fuel emissions
Agriculture
Land-use change and forestry
Methane
Waste management (including sewage treatment)
Agriculture (non-energy)
Fugitive fuel emissions
Industry (non-energy)
Industry (energy-related)
Land-use change and forestry
Nitrous oxide
Industry (non-energy)
Industry (energy-related)
Agriculture (non-energy)
Transport
Energy and transformation industries
Land-use change and forestry
Other greenhouse gases and
precursors(4)
Transport
Energy and transformation industries
Industry (non-energy)
Industry (energy-related)
Residential, commercial and institutional
Land-use change and forestry
Solvent and other product use
Waste management (including sewage treatment)
24. To facilitate transparency, enough detail should be provided
about each individual policy and measure described in the text of the
national communication to allow a third party to understand the
action's objective and degree of implementation, as well as how the
greenhouse gas effects of the action will be monitored over time. The
following information should be included in the description of
individual policies and measures:
(a) Objective(s) of the measure in terms of the gas(es) and
sector(s) targeted;
(b) Type of policy instrument used by the measure (e.g. economic
instrument, regulation or guideline, voluntary agreement,
information, education and training, research and development related
to mitigation measures);
(c) How the policy or measure interacts with other policies and
measures described;
(d) Status of implementation of, and/or commitment to, the policy
or measure. (This should, where appropriate, make reference to a
section of the national communication related to national
circumstances that describes the policy-making process in the country
or organization);
(e) How the measure is expected to function or is
functioning;
(f) Monitoring through intermediate indicators of progress for
policies and measures. (These may be related to legislative
processes, emissions-related activities or the broader objectives of
the policies and measures);
(g) A quantitative estimate of the mitigation impact of the policy
or measure or, if unavailable, a ranking of individual policies and
measures according to their relative importance in mitigation;
and
(h) Information (including details of the calculation
methodologies) relating to the cost of the policy or measure, to the
extent possible.
Parties should use table 1 in appendix III below to summarize the
information provided on policies and measures, with all fields of the
table completed, to the extent possible.
25. Parties should report on action taken to implement commitments
under Article 4.2(e)(ii) of the Convention, which requires that
Parties identify and periodically review their own policies and
practices which encourage activities that lead to greater levels of
anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the
Montreal Protocol than would otherwise occur. Parties should also
provide the rationale for such actions in the context of their
national circumstances.
26. Under Article 12.1(b), Parties may also briefly describe in a
separate section of the national communication, policies and measures
under consideration that have not yet been adopted.
Activities implemented jointly
27. Bearing in mind that a separate and distinct process for
reporting on activities implemented jointly has been established by
decision 5/CP.1, and by the adoption by the SBSTA at its second
session of the initial framework for reporting activities implemented
jointly, Parties may wish to include relevant summary information on
activities implemented jointly.
Projections and assessment of effects of
measures
28. In accordance with Article 4.2(b), national communications
should include a projection of future greenhouse gas emission and
removal levels. The projection should, to the extent possible,
incorporate the effects of policies and measures that are implemented
or committed to when the national communication is produced (that is,
a "with measures" scenario). In the interest of transparency, Parties
should include baseline projections, indicating, using table 1, which
measures are included and which measures are additional to these
baseline projections.
29. At a minimum, projections would be made of future emissions
and removals of the following greenhouse gases: CO2,
CH4, N2O, PFCs, HFCs and SF6.
Parties are encouraged to provide projections of the indirect
greenhouse gases CO, NOx and NMVOCs, as well as sulphur
oxides. Where methodological or data gaps exist, information should
be presented in a transparent manner.
30. The Convention requires that Parties provide information on
projected anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks
(Article 4.2(b)) as well as specific estimates of the effects of
policies and measures on those levels (Article 12.2(b)). An effective
process for the consideration of such information requires that such
projections be provided for at least one common reference year.
Taking account of the time period specified in Article 4.2(a), data
should be provided for the year 2000. In view of the objective of the
Convention and the intent to modify longer-term trends in emissions,
Parties should also include projections on a quantitative basis for
the years 2005 and 2010, and should make their best efforts to
provide estimates for 2020, recognizing that uncertainties will vary
from gas to gas and will be greater in more distant
years.
31. While Parties should present the projection on a gas-by-gas
basis, as indicated in paragraph 4 above, they should also
disaggregate the results by sector.
32. Parties should summarize the projections data in accordance
with the categorization in the summary tables of the IPCC Guidelines
on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, using tables 2 to 7 in
appendix III below.
33. Parties are encouraged to include separately projections of
emissions from international bunker fuels and/or provide information
which will facilitate international projections of bunker fuel
emissions.
34. Parties are encouraged to present projections from levels of
emissions in 1990 -- or other base years for some Annex I Parties
with economies in transition -- that are consistent with base year
inventory data. Any differences should be explained.
35. In accordance with Article 12.2(b), national communications
should provide a specific estimate of the total effect on greenhouse
gas emissions and removals of policies and measures. This specific
estimate should, to the extent possible, take into account all
policies and measures implemented or committed to (as outlined in
paragraph 20 above).
36. In addition, Parties should, wherever possible, provide
estimates of the effect of individual policies and measures on future
greenhouse gas emissions and removals. This section could also
describe the effects of the sequence of the implementation of
policies and measures or the effects of a combination of instrument
types or synergies with other measures. Parties may also describe the
mechanisms that lead to reductions, as well as how they arrived at
their estimates.
37. In the interests of transparency, when projecting greenhouse
gas emissions and removals, and estimating the specific and total
effect of policies and measures on emissions and removals, Parties
should:
(a) Be free to use the model(s) and/or approach(es) they are most
familiar with and which, in their view, provide the most accurate
results;
(b) Provide enough information to allow a third party to obtain a
qualitative understanding of the model(s) and/or approach(es) used
and their relationship to each other;
(c) Summarize strengths and weaknesses of the model(s) and/or
approach(es) used and provide an indication of their scientific and
technical credibility; and
(d) Ensure that the model(s) and/or approach(es) used account for
any overlap or synergies that may exist between different policies
and measures.
38. To ensure transparency, national communications should include
enough information to provide a third party with a quantitative
understanding of the key assumptions used to develop projection(s) of
greenhouse gas emissions and removals and estimate(s) of the total
effects of policies and measures on emissions and removals. Taking
into account paragraph 6 above, values of key variables should be
clearly presented for the base year and values of key assumptions for
2000, and for other years, preferably 1995, 2005, 2010 and 2020.
Parties should also provide information for the base year and 2000 on
other key outputs of the model(s) and/or approach(es) used. This
could include, inter alia, projected energy balances.
Parties should, to the extent possible, summarize key variables and
assumptions by completing table 8 in appendix III below. In addition,
Parties may draw upon the illustrative lists of possible key
assumptions and outputs included in appendix I below.
39. If, in the projections analysis, Parties carry out any
adjustments to base year emissions, for example for climate
variations or trade patterns in electricity, these adjustments should
be reported in a transparent manner, with clear indications of the
method followed. Both adjusted and unadjusted data should be
provided.
40. When providing a qualitative discussion of the uncertainty
associated with the results of projections and specific estimates of
effects (see paragraph 8 above), Parties are encouraged to present
the findings of sensitivity analyses, illustrating how the results
would be affected by changes in key assumptions.
Vulnerability assessment and adaptation
measures
41. A communication should review briefly the expected impacts of
climate change for the Party concerned and outline the actions taken
to implement Article 4.1(b) and (e) with regard to adaptation.
Parties are encouraged to use the IPCC Technical Guidelines for
Assessing Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations. Parties could
refer, inter alia, to integrated plans for coastal zone
management, water resources and agriculture. Parties are also
encouraged to report on specific results of scientific research in
the field of vulnerability assessment and adaptation.
Financial resources and transfer of technology and
know-how
42. In accordance with Article 12.3, Annex II Parties shall
provide separately detailed information on the activities undertaken
in 1994, 1995 and, if available, in 1996 to give effect to each of
their different commitments under Article 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5, as
follows:
(a) Indicate what "new and additional financial resources to meet
the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in
complying with their obligations under Article 12, paragraph 1" have
been provided. They shall indicate clearly how they have determined
resources as being "new and additional";
(b) Provide, to the extent possible, detailed information on the
provision of financial resources to meet the agreed full incremental
costs incurred by developing countries in their implementation of
measures covered under Article 4.1 of the Convention;
(c) Provide detailed information on the assistance provided for
the purpose of assisting developing country Parties that are
particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in
meeting the costs of adaptation to those adverse
effects;
(d) Provide detailed information on measures taken to promote,
facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access
to, environmentally sound
technologies(5) and know-how to other
Parties, particularly developing country Parties; and
(e) Report separately, to the extent possible, their activities
for the financing of access by developing countries of "hard" or
"soft" environmentally sound technologies, with reference to table 11
in appendix III below.
43. Parties shall, when reporting activities related to the
promotion, facilitation and financing of the transfer of, or access
to, environmentally sound technologies, clearly distinguish between
activities undertaken by the public sector and by the private sector.
Noting the need to be flexible in reporting private sector
activities, Parties should indicate in what way activities by the
private sector help meet the commitments of Parties under Article
4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 of the Convention.
44. When communicating information on the provision of financial
resources, Annex II Parties shall distinguish between financial
contributions to the interim operating entity of the financial
mechanism, to regional and other multilateral institutions and
programmes, and financial resources provided through bilateral
channels to other Parties. These Parties should complete tables 9a,
9b, 10a and 10b contained in appendix III below.
Research and systematic observation
45. Pursuant to Articles 4.1(g), 5 and 12.1(b), Annex I Parties
should communicate information on their actions relating to research
and systematic observation. This could include, inter alia,
information on:
(a) Research on the impacts of climate change;
(b) Modelling and prediction, including global circulation
models;
(c) Climate process and climate system studies;
(d) Data collection, monitoring and systematic observation,
including data banks;
(e) Socio-economic analysis, including analysis of both the
impacts of climate change and response options; and
(f) Technology research and development.
46. The communications could address both domestic programmes and
international programmes (for example, the World Climate Programme
and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme), and the IPCC.
They should also reflect actions taken to support related
capacity-building in developing countries.
47. The communications should be limited to reporting on actions
undertaken rather than the results of such efforts. For example, the
results of research studies or model runs should not be included in
this section.
Education, training and public awareness
48. In accordance with Articles 4.1(i), 6 and 12.1(b), Annex I
Parties should communicate information on their actions relating to
education, training and public awareness. This would include
information on relevant domestic programmes and participation in
international activities. For example, the extent of public
participation in the preparation or domestic review of the national
communication could be reflected.
Special considerations
49. Some Annex I Parties may, in the context of their
communications, seek to be accorded "flexibility" or "consideration",
in accordance with Article 4.6 and 4.10 of the Convention. If this
were to be the case, those Parties should be expected to state
clearly the special consideration they are seeking and to provide an
adequate explanation of their circumstances.
Basic data (national circumstances)
50. Although not explicitly required by the Convention, a Party
may wish to provide other information relevant to its greenhouse gas
emission/removal profile. This would permit readers to put the
information on its implementation of the Convention in context, could
help to explain certain trends and would provide data valuable in the
analysis and aggregation of the submissions. The information would
tend to be "historical" in character, although the appropriate time
period would vary from country to country. Relevant information could
include the following:
(a) Population profile, for example, growth rates, population
density and distribution, with some historical perspective (e.g.
1970-1990), and greenhouse gas emission per capita;
(b) Geographic profile;
(c) Climatic profile, for example, data on heating and cooling
degree days and rainfall;
(d) Economic profile, for example, gross domestic product (GDP),
GDP per capita (expressed in domestic currency and purchasing power
parities (PPP)), GDP growth rates, GDP by sector, and imports and
exports, agricultural subsidies, with some historical perspective
(e.g. 1970-1990), and greenhouse gas emissions per GDP;
(e) Energy profile, for example, energy prices, energy taxes,
energy subsidies, vehicle taxes, fuel taxes, electricity prices,
information on the market structure of electricity, natural gas, coal
and oil markets, energy consumption (by sector, fuel type, per
capita, per unit of GDP), domestic production of energy as proportion
of total domestic energy consumption, energy intensity and 1990
energy pricing for commercial and non-commercial consumers (including
taxes), with some historical perspective (e.g.
1970-1990);
(f) Social profile, for example, information such as average
dwelling size, number of vehicles per capita and per family unit, and
personal and freight traffic (billions km/person) by type (air, rail,
road and public/private);
(g) For sectors emitting large quantities of greenhouse gases, an
outline of which level of government has responsibility for
implementing which policies and measures that have an impact on
greenhouse gas emissions; and
(h) Information relating to the application of and experience with
indicators for performance in greenhouse gas mitigation. Such
indicators might address overall national performance and
sectoral/sub-sectoral performance.
51. Parties are encouraged to report emission estimates associated
with exports of electricity in a separate category. Parties are also
encouraged to report on the national generation from all sources by
fuel and estimates of the average transmission losses. Exporting and
importing countries are encouraged to report on the annual aggregate
quantity of electricity trade in kilowatt hours, as well as to whom
electricity was sent and the associated quantities (including
associated transmission losses).
Structure and executive summary
52. The minimum set of information identified in these guidelines
should be communicated by a Party to the Conference of the Parties in
a single document. Any additional or supporting information may be
supplied in the main document or through other documents such as a
technical annex.
53. A communication should include an executive summary that would
present the key information and data from the full document. The
executive summaries will be translated and distributed widely. In
view of the limits on translation, it would be useful to envisage an
executive summary of no more than 10 pages.
54. Parties are encouraged to organize the information
communicated according to the indicative outline provided in appendix
II below.
Language
55. National communications may be submitted in one of the working
languages of the United Nations. This would be without prejudice to
the ulterior determination of official and working languages for the
Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary bodies and for the
Convention secretariat. Annex I Parties are also encouraged to
submit, to the extent possible and where relevant, a translation of
their communication into English.
Length
56. The length of a communication should be decided by the
submitting Party. Every effort should be made to avoid overly lengthy
communications in order to reduce the paper burden and to facilitate
the consideration process. Parties are encouraged to provide
electronic versions of communications which are compatible with the
requirements of the secretariat.
GDP level (national currency) and annual growth rate (consistent with economic forecasts of the Party)
Assumptions on exchange rates between the domestic currency and the United States dollar
Population level (millions) and compound annual growth rate
Interest rate and public sector discount rate, where available
Annual rate of autonomous energy efficiency improvement in total and by sector
Total housing, including turnover (number of dwellings)
Commercial floor space, including turnover (thousands of square kilometres)
Vehicle-kilometres travelled by vehicle type (thousands)
Policy context (description of significant measures that reduce emissions or enhance removals that have been incorporated in the projection, as well as how they were incorporated)
Rate of penetration and absolute levels of use of new end-use
technologies
Primary energy production by fuel type (petajoules)
Primary energy demand by fuel type, as well as electricity (petajoules)
Energy demand by sector (petajoules)
Final energy consumption by end-use (petajoules)
Head of livestock (thousands by species)
Rice cultivation (area cultivated in hectares)
Nitrogen fertilizer and manure use (tonnes of nitrogen)
Forest area cleared (thousands of hectares)
Waste landfilled (tonnes)
Waste water biochemical oxygen demand (kg)
Energy imports/exports (petajoules)
Primary energy per unit of production in the industrial and commercial sectors
Energy consumption per square metre in the residential and commercial sectors
Primary energy for transport (per tonne-km or passenger-km)
Electricity and heat produced per unit of fuel used in thermal
power stations
1. Executive summary
2. Introduction
3. National circumstances
4. Inventories of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and
removals
5. Policies and measures
6. Projections and effects of policies and measures
7. Expected impacts of climate change and vulnerability
assessment
8. Adaptation measures
9. Financial assistance and technology transfer
10. Research and systematic observation
11. Education, training and public awareness
1 Parties should
use an asterisk (*) to indicate that a measure is not included in the
baseline projection.
Name of policy/ measure1 |
Type of instrument |
Objective and/or Method of achieving reduction (including description of how effects take place) |
Sector |
Status of implementation (planned/ implemented; legislation passed or not; status of funding) |
Estimate of mitigation impact |
Monitoring: intermediate indicator of progress | |||
2000 |
2005 |
2010 |
2020 | ||||||
1. |
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2. etc. |
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Similar tables should be completed for
CH4,
N2O,
NOx, NMVOCs,
CO, PFCs, SF6 and HFCs, noting that if Parties do not provide
projections for NOx, NMVOCs and CO, they need not complete the columns on
"estimate of mitigation impact" in the tables relating to these
gases.
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Fuel combustion: energy and transformation industries |
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Fuel combustion: industry |
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Fuel combustion: transport |
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Fuel combustion: other |
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Other |
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Total |
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Agriculture |
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Land-use change and forestry |
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Other |
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Total removals |
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Fuel combustion |
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Fugitive emissions from fuels |
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Industrial processes |
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Enteric fermentation |
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Animal wastes |
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Rice cultivation |
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Waste |
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Other |
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Total |
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Transport |
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Other energy sources |
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Industrial processes |
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Agriculture |
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Waste |
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Other |
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Total |
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SF6 |
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HFCs |
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PFCs |
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Other (specify) |
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CO |
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NOx |
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NMVOCs |
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SOx |
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World coal prices (US$/ton) |
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World oil prices (US$/bbl) |
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Domestic energy prices (by fuel type and for electricity) for different relevant sectors (e.g. residential, commercial and institutional; industry; transport) |
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GDP (domestic currency) |
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Population (millions) |
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New vehicle efficiency (by vehicle type) (litres/100km) |
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Average vehicle km travelled |
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Primary energy demand (Petajoules) |
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Index of manufacturing production (1990=100) |
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Index of industrial production (1990=100) |
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Other |
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Global Environment Facility |
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Multilateral
institutions 1. World Bank 2. International Finance Corporation 3. African Development Bank 4. Asian Development Bank 5. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 6. Inter-American Development Bank 7. United Nations Development Programme 8. Other a) b) c) |
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Multilateral scientific programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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Multilateral technology programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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Multilateral training programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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* If available.
Table 9b. New and additional financial contributions to the operating entity or entities
of the financial mechanism, regional and
other multilateral institutions and programmes
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Global Environment Facility |
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Multilateral
institutions 1. World Bank 2. International Finance Corporation 3. African Development Bank 4. Asian Development Bank 5. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 6. Inter-American Development Bank 7. United Nations Development Programme 8. Other a) b) c) |
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Multilateral scientific programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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Multilateral technology programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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Multilateral training programmes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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* If available.
Table 10a. Bilateral financial contributions related to the implementation of the Convention, 1994
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tation |
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Recipient country |
Energy |
Transport |
Forest |
Agriculture |
Waste manage- ment |
Industry | ||
1. |
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2. |
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3. |
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4. |
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5. |
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6. |
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7. |
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8. |
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9. |
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10. |
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11. |
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12. |
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13. |
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14. |
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15. |
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16. |
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17. |
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18. |
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19. |
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20. All other |
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* For greenhouse gas inventories, as under Article 4.1(a).
Similar tables should be completed for 1995 and,
if available, for 1996.
Table 10b. New and additional bilateral financial contributions related to the
implementation of the Convention, 1994
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Recipient country |
Energy |
Transport |
Forest |
Agriculture |
Waste manage- ment |
Industry | ||
1. |
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2. |
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3. |
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4. |
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5. |
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6. |
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7. |
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8. |
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9. |
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10. |
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11. |
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12. |
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13. |
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14. |
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15. |
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16. |
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17. |
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18. |
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19. |
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20. All other |
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|
|
* For greenhouse gas inventories, as under Article 4.1(a).
Similar tables should be completed for 1995 and,
if available, for 1996.
Table 11. Projects or programmes that
promote, facilitate and/or finance transfer of or access to "hard"
and "soft" technologies
Project / programme title: | |||
Purpose: | |||
Recipient country |
Sector |
Total funding |
Years in operation |
|
|
|
|
Description: | |||
Ministry or company, contact person,
address and phone number: | |||
Impact on greenhouse gas emissions/sinks
(optional): |
This table should also be used be used to provide
a detailed description of selected private sector projects or
programmes that promote, facilitate and/or finance transfer of or
access to "hard" and "soft" technologies in 1994, 1995 or, if
available, in 1996, as described in paragraph 42 (e) of the above
annex.
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article
12.1, 12.5 and 12.7 of the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change,
Recalling also its
decision 8/CP.1 on first
communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention
and decision 4/CP.1 on methodological issues,
Noting that, in
accordance with Article 12.5 of the Convention, each Party not
included in Annex I to the Convention shall make its initial
communication within three years of the entry into force of the
Convention for that Party, or of the availability of financial
resources in accordance with Article 4.3, and that Parties that are
least developed may make their initial communication at their
discretion,
Recognizing that,
in accordance with Article 4.7, the extent to which developing
country Parties will effectively implement their commitments under
the Convention will depend on the effective implementation by
developed country Parties of their commitments under the Convention
related to financial resources and transfer of technology, and will
take fully into account that economic and social development and
poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of the
developing country Parties,
Having considered
that from its first session, in accordance with Article 12.7, the
Conference of the Parties shall arrange for the provision to
developing country Parties of technical and financial support, on
request, in compiling and communicating information under this
Article, as well as in identifying the technical and financial needs
associated with proposed projects and response measures under Article
4. Such support may be provided by other Parties, by competent
international organizations and by the secretariat, as
appropriate,
1. Requests the Convention
secretariat:
(a) In accordance with Article 8.2(c), to facilitate assistance to Parties, particularly developing country Parties, in the preparation of their initial communications, through the organization of workshops at the regional level; to provide a forum for the exchange of experiences in the development of emission factors and activity data for the estimation of the
inventory, as well as, on request, for other
elements of information in the initial communication; and to provide
a report to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation and the Subsidiary
Body for Scientific and Technological Advice at each of their
sessions; and
(b) To make available to the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation, at each of its sessions, details of the financial
support made available to Parties not included in Annex I to the
Convention (non-Annex I Parties) from the interim operating entity of
the financial mechanism for the preparation of their initial
communications, including projects in this regard proposed by each
Party, the funding decision and the date and amount of funds made
available to the Party;
2. Decides:
(a) That non-Annex I Parties should use the
guidelines contained in the annex to the present decision when
preparing their initial communications under the
Convention;
(b) That the national and regional development
priorities, objectives and circumstances of non-Annex I Parties
should, in accordance with Article 4.1, and the provisions of Article
3 and Article 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9 and 4.10, be taken into
account by the Conference of the Parties in considering matters
related to their initial communications; and
(c) That non-Annex I Parties which wish to submit
voluntarily additional information may use elements from the
guidelines approved for Parties included in Annex I to the Convention
when preparing their initial communications.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
1. The guidelines for the preparation of initial
communications by Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention
(non-Annex I Parties) have five principal objectives, taking into
account Article 4.7:
(a) To assist non-Annex I Parties in meeting their
commitments under Article 12.1;
(b) To encourage the presentation of information
in ways that are, to the extent possible, consistent, transparent and
comparable as well as flexible, and to take into account specific
national situations and requirements for support to improve the
completeness and reliability of activity data, emission factors and
estimations;
(c) To serve as policy guidance to the interim
operating entity of the financial mechanism for the timely provision
of financial support needed by the developing country Parties to meet
the agreed full costs in complying with their obligations under
Article 12.1, as referred to in decision 11/CP.2;
(d) To facilitate the process of preparation,
compilation and consideration of the communications, including the
preparation of compilation and synthesis documentation;
and
(e) To ensure that the Conference of the Parties
has sufficient information to carry out its responsibilities to
assess the overall aggregated effects of the steps taken by the
Parties in the light of the latest scientific assessments concerning
climate change, and to assess the implementation of the
Convention.
Scope
2. In accordance with Article 12.1, the
communication should include:
(a) A national inventory of anthropogenic
emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases
not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, to the extent its capacities
permit, using comparable methodologies to be promoted and agreed upon
by the Conference of the Parties;
(b) A general description of steps taken or
envisaged by the Party to implement the Convention; and
(c) Any other information that the Party considers
relevant to the achievement of the objective of the Convention and
suitable for inclusion in its communication, including, if feasible,
material relevant for calculations of global emission
trends.
National circumstances
3. In presenting the information, non-Annex I
Parties should specify their national and regional development
priorities, objectives and circumstances on the basis of which they
will address climate change and its adverse impacts. The description
of these circumstances can cover a wide range of information. In
addition to information which can be conveniently presented in a
table (see table I below), Parties may present basic economic,
geographic and climatic information, as well as other factors
relevant to climate change of any nature, such as, for example,
features of their economy which may affect their ability to deal with
climate change.
4. Parties may provide a brief description of
existing institutional arrangements which are relevant to the
preparation of the inventory on a continuing basis, or a list of
perceived deficiencies in this area.
5. Parties may also present information on their
specific needs and concerns arising from the adverse effects of
climate change and/or the impact of the implementation of response
measures, specially on:
(a) Small island countries;
(b) Countries with low-lying coastal
areas;
(c) Countries with arid and semi-arid areas,
forested areas and areas liable to forest decay;
(d) Countries with areas prone to natural
disasters;
(e) Countries with areas liable to drought and
desertification;
(f) Countries with areas of high urban atmospheric
pollution;
(g) Countries with areas with fragile ecosystems,
including mountainous ecosystems;
(h) Countries whose economies are highly dependent
on income generated from the production, processing and export,
and/or on consumption of fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive
products;
(i) Landlocked and transit countries; and
(j) Other special considerations foreseen in Article 4.9 (least developed countries) and Article 4.10 (fossil-fuel dependency), as appropriate.
6. In presenting the information, wherever
applicable, Parties should present numerical indicators. For example,
they might present data expressed in terms of affected percentage of
land area, population, gross domestic product (GDP),
etc.
Inventory
7. There is a clear need for adequate and
additional financial resources, technical support and technology
transfer to supplement the efforts towards capacity building for
preparation of the national inventories.
8. The Guidelines for the National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories and Technical Guidelines for Assessing Climate Change
Impacts and Adaptation or the simplified default methodologies
adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
should be used by non-Annex I Parties, as appropriate and to the
extent possible, in the fulfilment of their commitments under the
Convention.
9. Information should be provided on the following
greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane
(CH4) and
nitrous oxide (N2O), to the extent the Party's capacities permit. In
addition, Parties are encouraged to include in their national
inventories the fully-fluorinated compounds, as appropriate. Other
greenhouse gases included in the IPCC methodology may be included at
the discretion of the Parties. Emissions from bunker fuels should be
reported separately from national emissions.
10. Parties should strive to present the best
available data in a table (see table II below), to the extent their
capacities permit, and try to identify the areas where the data may
be further improved in future communications through national
capacity building. Additional information, such as, for example,
expression of the results in terms of socio-economic, geographical
indicators deemed relevant by each country, may also be
provided.
11. As recognized by the IPCC in its Second
Assessment Report, there is still great uncertainty associated with
net anthropogenic emissions resulting from activities other than
combustion of fossil fuels. Such activities include, inter alia, methane emissions
from agriculture and waste sectors, coal mining, biomass burning;
carbon dioxide emissions from land use change and forestry; and
nitrous oxide emissions from all sectors. Since the emissions
resulting from these activities depend on local circumstances, and
make up a large proportion of the national emissions of non-Annex I
Parties, such Parties should make efforts to obtain field observation
data to decrease the uncertainties associated with the inventory of
these emissions, taking into account the further development of the
IPCC methodology.
12. It is further recognized that such improvement
of the quality of emission data, in addition to improving the
transparency and comparability of national emissions inventories,
also improves knowledge of the relationship between global emissions
and resulting atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, and
therefore aids significantly the task of estimating the emission
limitations or reductions required to achieve a given concentration
level of greenhouse gases, the ultimate objective of the
Convention.
13. Non-Annex I Parties are thus encouraged to
formulate cost-effective national, and where appropriate regional,
programmes aiming at the improvement of the quality of local emission
factors and appropriate data gathering, and to submit requests for
financial and technical assistance to the interim operating entity of
the financial mechanism of the Convention in addition to their
request for support for the preparation of their initial
communications.
14. Non-Annex I Parties should provide the best
available data in their inventory. To this end such data should be
provided for the year 1994. Alternatively, non-Annex I Parties may
provide such data for the year 1990.
General description of steps
15. In accordance with Article 12.1, each
non-Annex I Party should communicate a general description of steps
taken or envisaged by the Party to implement the Convention. Taking
into account the chapeau of Article 4.1, the initial communication
should seek to include, as appropriate:
(a) Programmes related to sustainable development,
research and systematic observation, education and public awareness,
training, etc;
(b) Policy options for adequate monitoring systems
and response strategies for climate change impacts on terrestrial and
marine ecosystems;
(c) Policy frameworks for implementing adaptation
measures and response strategies in the context of coastal zone
management, disaster preparedness, agriculture, fisheries, and
forestry, with a view to integrating climate change impact
information, as appropriate, into national planning
processes;
(d) In the context of undertaking national
communications, building of national, regional and/or sub-regional
capacity, as appropriate, to integrate climate change concerns in
medium and long-term planning;
(e) Programmes containing measures the Party
believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse
impacts, including the abatement of increase in greenhouse gas
emissions and enhancement of removals by sinks.
Other information
16. In accordance with Article 12.7 the Conference
of the Parties should use the information in initial communications
in arranging for the provision to developing country Parties of
technical and financial support, on request, in compiling and
communicating information under Article 12, as well as in identifying
the technical and financial needs associated with proposed projects
and response measures under Article 4.
17. Developing country Parties may, in accordance
with Article 12.4, on a voluntary basis, propose projects for
financing, including specific technologies, materials, equipment,
techniques or practices that would be needed to implement such
projects, along with, if possible, an estimate of all incremental
costs, of the reductions of emissions and increments of removals of
greenhouse gases, as well as an estimate of the consequent
benefits.
18. Non-Annex I Parties may provide any other
information relevant to the achievement of the objective of the
Convention, including, if feasible, material relevant for calculation
of global emission trends, constraints and obstacles,
etc.
Financial and technological needs and
constraints
19. Non-Annex I Parties may describe the financial
and technological needs and constraints associated with the
communication of information. In particular, and following the
recommendations of the Conference of the Parties that have evolved
through its subsidiary bodies, the description may cover needs and
constraints associated with the further improvement of national
communications, including reduction of the margin of uncertainty in
emission and removal variables through appropriate institutional and
capacity-building.
20. According to national priorities, non-Annex I
Parties may include a description of financial and technological
needs associated with activities and measures envisaged under the
Convention.
21. Information on national technological needs
related to measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate
change may be included in the communication.
22. Information on relevant financial and
technological needs relating to the assessment of national, regional
and/or sub-regional vulnerability to climate change may be added in
the communication. This may include, where appropriate, information
related to data-gathering systems to measure climate change effects
in particularly vulnerable countries or regions or to strengthen such
systems; and identification of a near-term research and development
agenda to understand sensitivity to climate change.
23. There is a need to take into full
consideration the circumstances and vulnerabilities of developing
country Parties, keeping in mind that the extent to which developing
countries will effectively implement their commitments under
Convention will depend on the effective implementation by developed
countries of their commitments under the Convention related to
financial resources and transfer of technology.
Timing of submission of the initial
communication
24. In accordance with Article 12.5, the timing of
submission of the initial communication is within three years of
entry into force of the Convention for that Party or of the
availability of financial resources in accordance with Article
4.3.
Structure and executive summary
25. The information provided in accordance with
these guidelines should be communicated by a Party to the Conference
of the Parties in a single document. Any additional or supporting
information may be supplied through other documents such as a
technical annex.
26. The initial communication should include an
executive summary that would present the key information and data
from the full document. The executive summary will be translated and
distributed widely. It would be useful to envisage an executive
summary of no more than 10 pages.
Language
27. The communications may be submitted in one of the official languages of the United Nations. Non-Annex I Parties are also encouraged to submit, to the extent possible and where relevant, a translation of their communications into English.
Criteria |
|
Population |
|
Relevant areas (square kilometres) |
|
GDP (1994 US$ ) |
|
GDP per capita (1994 US$ ) |
|
Estimated share of the informal sector in the economy in GDP (percentage) |
|
Share of industry in GDP (percentage) |
|
Share of services in GDP (percentage) |
|
Share of agriculture in GDP (percentage) |
|
Land area used for agricultural purposes (square kilometres) |
|
Urban population as percentage of total population |
|
Livestock population (disaggregate as appropriate) |
|
Forest area (square kilometres, define as appropriate) |
|
Population in absolute poverty |
|
Life expectancy at birth (years) |
|
Literacy rate |
|
Note:
Parties may also report on the rate of change of the above indicators
to the extent possible; data in this table should be as disaggregated
as possible and include information on individual
sectors.
Greenhouse Gas Source and Sink Categories |
|
|
|
Total (Net) National Emission (Gigagram per year) |
|
|
|
1. All Energy |
|
|
|
Fuel combustion |
|
|
|
Energy and transformation industries |
|
|
|
Industry |
|
|
|
Transport |
|
|
|
Commercial-institutional |
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
|
Other (please specify) |
|
|
|
Biomass burned for energy |
|
|
|
Fugitive Fuel Emission |
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas systems |
|
|
|
Coal mining |
|
|
|
2. Industrial Processes |
|
|
|
3. Agriculture |
|
|
|
Enteric Fermentation |
|
|
|
Rice Cultivation |
|
|
|
Savanna Burning |
|
|
|
Others (please specify) |
|
|
|
4. Land Use Change and Forestry |
|
|
|
Changes in Forest and other woody biomass stock |
|
|
|
Forest and Grassland Conversion |
|
|
|
Abandonment of Managed Lands |
|
|
|
5. Other Sources as appropriate and to the extent possible (please specify) |
|
|
|
Note 1: X - Data to be presented to the extent the Party's capacities permit (Article 12.1(a)).
Note 2: Non-Annex I national communications will include the information in this table, and a description of assumptions and methods used,
and the values of emission coefficients, where these differ from IPCC assumptions, methods and values.
Note 3:
Efforts should be made to report the estimated range of uncertainty,
where appropriate.
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article
11.1 and 11.3 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change,
Recalling also
Articles 12.5, 4.3, 4.7 and 4.8 thereof,
Bearing in mind
its decision 11/CP.1 on initial guidance on policies, programme
priorities and eligibility criteria to the operating entity or
entities of the financial mechanism and its conclusions reached at
its second session,
Noting the report
of the Global Environment Facility to the Conference of the Parties
at its second session (FCCC/CP/1996/8),
Expressing
concern over
the difficulties encountered by developing country Parties in
receiving the necessary financial assistance from the Global
Environment Facility owing to, inter
alia, the application of the Global
Environment Facility operational policies on eligibility criteria,
disbursement, project cycle and approval, the application of its
concept of incremental costs, and guidelines which impose
considerable administrative and financial costs on developing country
Parties,
Also expressing
concern over
the difficulties encountered by these Parties in seeking funds from
the Global Environment Facility, as the interim operating entity of
the financial mechanism of the Convention, for the preparation of
their initial national communications,
Welcoming the
information by the Global Environment Facility on its efforts to
ensure that funding activities are in conformity with guidance
provided by the Conference of the Parties and, in particular, its
expedited procedures to support enabling activities in the climate
change focal area,
1. Decides to adopt the following
guidance to the Global Environment Facility, as the interim operating
entity of the financial mechanism of the Convention. In this regard,
the Global Environment Facility should:
(a) In the initial period, implement strategies on
enabling activities in accordance with decision 11/CP.1 which
facilitate endogenous capacity-building, including data collection
and archiving, consistent with the policy guidance, programme
priorities and eligibility criteria provided to it by the Conference
of the Parties;
(b) In providing the financial resources needed by
developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs
of implementing measures covered by Article 4.1 of the Convention in
accordance with Article 4.3, take steps to facilitate this provision
of financial resources, including the enhancement of transparency and
the flexible and pragmatic application of its concept of incremental
costs on a case-by-case basis;
(c) Together with its implementing agencies,
expedite the approval and the disbursement of financial resources to
meet the agreed full costs incurred by the developing country Parties
in complying with their obligations under Article 12.1 of the
Convention, in accordance with Article 4.3, and in particular for the
initial and subsequent preparation of national communications of
non-Annex I Parties. In this regard, the guidelines and format
adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its second session on the
preparation of initial national communications by non-Annex I Parties
contained in decision 10/CP.2 shall form the basis for the funding of
communications from non-Annex I Parties under Article 12.1 of the
Convention;
(d) Consider country-specific needs and other
approaches which may be used for several countries with similar
needs, upon request, and take into account that the preparation of
national communications is a continuing process;
(e) When funding the agreed full costs for the
preparation of national communications from non-Annex I Parties,
finance the agreed full incremental costs of projects related to
other commitments contained in the Convention only upon request of
the Party concerned;
2. Invites developing country
Parties that are interested in receiving assistance for enabling
activities, in particular for the preparation of national
communications in accordance with Article 12 of the Convention, to
avail themselves of the financial resources being made available from
the financial mechanism for such purposes;
3. Requests the Global Environment Facility, as the interim operating entity of the financial mechanism, to report to the Conference of the Parties at its third session on the
implementation of this guidance, including on
experience gained in the application of the concept of agreed full
incremental costs;
4. Requests the Subsidiary Body
for Implementation at its fifth session to undertake the review
process referred to in decision 9/CP.1 and to report on the outcome
to the Conference of the Parties at its third session.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article
11.3 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change,
Recalling also its
decision 9/CP.1 on the maintenance of the interim arrangements
referred to in Article 21, paragraph 3, of the
Convention,
Having considered
the recommendation of the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation,
1. Takes
note of Part Two, section III (a),
paragraph 5, of the report of the Conference of the Parties at its
first session,(6) which
states that the Conference of the Parties should receive and review
at each of its sessions a report from the Global Environment
Facility;
2. Adopts the Memorandum of
Understanding annexed to the present decision, thereby bringing it
into force;
3. Requests the Executive
Secretary to inform the Council of the Global Environment Facility of
this decision.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE COUNCIL OF THE
This Memorandum of Understanding is concluded
between the Conference of the Parties (hereinafter referred to as
"the COP") to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (hereinafter referred to as "the Convention") and the Council
of the Global Environment Facility (hereinafter referred to as the
"Council of the GEF"), the international entity entrusted on an
interim basis with the operation of the financial mechanism referred
to in Article 11 of the Convention.
The Parties to this Memorandum of
Understanding,
Recalling Article
11 of the Convention and recognizing that the financial mechanism is
to provide financial resources on a grant and concessional basis,
including for the transfer of technology, and is to function under
the guidance of and be accountable to the COP, which shall decide on
its policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria related
to the Convention,
Recalling Article
11.1 which states that the operation of the financial mechanism shall
be entrusted to one or more existing international
entities,
Recalling also the
decision of the first session of the COP on the maintenance of the
interim arrangements referred to in Article 21.3 that the
restructured GEF shall continue, on an interim basis, to be the
international entity entrusted with the operation of the financial
mechanism, referred to in Article 11,
Recalling further
the willingness of the GEF to serve for the purposes of the financial
mechanism of the Convention as provided in paragraph 6 of the
Instrument for the Establishment of the Restructured Global
Environment Facility (hereinafter referred to as "the
Instrument"),
Recalling that, in
accordance with Article 11.3, the COP and the entity or entities
entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism shall agree
upon arrangements to give effect to Article 11.1 and
11.2,
Recalling further
that, in accordance with paragraph 27 of the Instrument, the Council
of the GEF is to consider and approve cooperative arrangements with
the COP,
Have agreed as follows:
Purpose of arrangements
1. The purpose of this Memorandum is to give
effect to the respective roles and responsibilities of the COP, the
supreme body of the Convention, and the GEF, the international entity
entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism and to
provide for the required interaction between them under Article 11 of
the Convention and paragraphs 26 and 27 of the
Instrument.
Determination and communication of guidance
from the COP
2. The COP will, pursuant to Article 11.1, decide
on policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria related to
the Convention for the financial mechanism which shall function under
the guidance of and be accountable to the COP.
3. The COP will, after each of its sessions,
communicate to the Council of the GEF any policy guidance approved by
the COP concerning the financial mechanism.
Conformity with COP guidance
4. The Council will ensure the effective operation
of the GEF as a source of funding activities for the purposes of the
Convention in conformity with the guidance of the COP. It will report
regularly to the COP on its activities related to the Convention and
on the conformity of those activities with the guidance received from
the COP.
Reconsideration of funding
decisions
5. The funding decisions for specific projects
should be agreed between the developing country Party concerned and
the GEF in conformity with policy guidance from the COP. The Council
of the GEF is responsible for approving the GEF work programmes. If
any Party considers that a decision of the Council regarding a
specific project in a proposed work programme does not comply with
the policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria
established by the COP in the context of the Convention, the COP
should analyse the observations presented to it by the Party and take
decisions on the basis of compliance with such policies, programme
priorities and eligibility criteria. In the event that the COP
considers that this specific project decision does not comply with
the policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria
established by the COP, it may ask the Council of the GEF for further
clarification on the specific project decision and in due time may
ask for a reconsideration of that decision.
Reports from the GEF to the COP
6. Annual reports of the GEF will be made
available to the COP through its secretariat. Other official public
documentation of the GEF will also be made available to the COP
through its secretariat. In order to meet the requirement of its
accountability to the COP, the Annual Report of the GEF will cover
all GEF-financed activities carried out in implementing the
Convention, whether such activities are carried out by the GEF
Implementing Agencies, the GEF Secretariat or by executing agencies
implementing GEF-financed projects. To this end, the Council of the
GEF will require all such bodies, with respect to GEF-financed
activities, to comply with GEF policy on disclosure of
information.
7. In its reporting on GEF-financed activities
under the financial mechanism, the GEF should include specific
information on how it has applied the guidance and decisions of the
COP in its work related to the Convention. This report should be of a
substantive nature and incorporate the programme of GEF activities in
the areas covered by the Convention and an analysis of how the GEF,
in its operations related to the Convention, has implemented the
policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria established
by the COP. In particular, a synthesis of the different projects
under implementation and a listing of the projects approved by the
Council in the climate change focal area as well as a financial
report with an indication of the financial resources required for
those projects should be included. The Council should also report on
its monitoring and evaluation activities concerning projects in the
climate change focal area.
8. The Council of the GEF may seek guidance from
the COP on any matter it considers relevant to the operation of the
financial mechanism of the Convention.
Determination of funding necessary and
available
9. In accordance with Article 11.3(d) of the
Convention, which calls for arrangements to determine in a
predictable and identifiable manner the amount of funding necessary
and available for the implementation of the Convention and the
conditions under which that amount shall be periodically reviewed,
the COP and the Council shall jointly determine the aggregate GEF
funding requirements for the purpose of the Convention. Procedures to
facilitate such a joint determination will be developed by the COP
and the Council and annexed to this Memorandum.
Cooperation between
secretariats
10. The secretariats of the Convention and of the
GEF shall cooperate and exchange on a regular basis views and
experiences necessary to facilitate the effectiveness of the
financial mechanism in assisting Parties to implement the
Convention.
Representation in meetings of governing
bodies
11. The participation of representatives of the
Council of the GEF in meetings of the COP and of its subsidiary
bodies will be governed by the rules of procedure of the COP.
Likewise, the participation of representatives of the Convention in
meetings of the Council of the GEF will be determined in accordance
with the rules of procedure of the Council of the GEF. In formulating
and applying its rules, each organization will make every effort to
accord the other organization reciprocal representation
privileges.
Review and evaluation of the financial
mechanism
12. The COP will periodically review and evaluate
the effectiveness of all modalities established in accordance with
Article 11.3. Such evaluations will be taken into account by the COP
in its decision, pursuant to Article 11.4, on arrangements for the
financial mechanism.
Modification of the Memorandum of
Understanding
13. This Memorandum of Understanding may only be
modified in writing by agreement between the COP and the Council of
the GEF.
Entry into effect
14. This Memorandum of Understanding shall come
into force upon its approval by the COP of the Convention and the
Council of the GEF.
Termination
15. This Memorandum of Understanding may be
terminated by either Party giving six months' notice in writing to
the other.
The Conference of the Parties,
Recalling Article
11.3 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change,
Recalling also its
decision 9/CP.1 on the maintenance of the interim arrangements
referred to in Article 21, paragraph 3, of the Convention and
decision 10/1 on arrangements between the Conference of the Parties
and the operating entity or entities of the financial
mechanism,
Having adopted the
Memorandum of Understanding between the Conference of the Parties and
the Council of the Global Environment Facility in decision
12/CP.1,
1. Decides to refer the text of
the annex on the determination of funding necessary and available for
the implementation of the Convention adopted by the Council of the
Global Environment Facility and the draft annex submitted by the
Group of 77 and China (FCCC/SBI/1996/L.4) for consideration by the
Subsidiary Body for Implementation at its next session;
2. Invites Parties to submit any
additional comments on the matter to the Convention secretariat by 30
September 1996;
3. Requests the Subsidiary Body
for Implementation to report to the Conference of the Parties on the
outcome of this matter.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties,
Having considered
the report of the Executive Secretary on this
subject,(7)
1. Takes note
with appreciation of the arrangements for
United Nations administrative support to the Convention secretariat,
including the financing of full administrative support from the
proceeds of the overhead charge and notes that additional resources
are expected to be made available for this purpose from the overhead
charge on supplementary contributions;
2. Takes
note with appreciation of General
Assembly resolution 50/115, paragraphs 8, 9 and 10, regarding the
financing, from the regular programme budget of the United Nations,
of the conference servicing costs arising from sessions of the
Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary bodies;
3. Takes
note of General Assembly resolution
50/232 on the budgeting of conference servicing and requests the Executive
Secretary to keep Parties informed of any further decisions of the
General Assembly, and their implications;
4. Takes
note of the outcome of the consultations
with the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the levels of
remuneration of the post of the head of the Convention secretariat
and of the two other senior posts in the approved staffing table for
the core budget;
5. Takes
note with appreciation of the appointment
of the Executive Secretary for two years from 1 January 1996 at the
level of Assistant Secretary-General of the United
Nations;
6. Recalls its decision to review
at its third session the levels of remuneration of the three senior
posts;
7. Requests
the Executive Secretary to report to the
Subsidiary Body for Implementation at its fifth session on the
results of the 1996 review of administrative support and of the
Secretary-General's report to the fifty-first session of the General
Assembly on the implementation of resolution 50/115.
8. Takes
note of the secretariat's plans for
administrative and other liaison arrangements in Geneva until the end
of 1997;
9. Requests
Parties that have not yet done so to
communicate to the secretariat their decision on the designation of
focal points, as well as any need for liaison arrangements between
their focal point and the secretariat in Bonn, so as to enable the
Executive Secretary, in conjunction with other Convention
secretariats and United Nations bodies, to explore the availability,
cost, and funding of suitable liaison arrangements in Geneva and/or
New York, and to report thereon to the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation at its fifth session;
10. Expresses its deep appreciation
to the Government of Germany and the city of Bonn for the excellent
facilities and support they are providing to the secretariat and
looks forward to a smooth transition to the new location of the
secretariat in Bonn.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the
Parties,
Recalling its
decision 16/CP.1 of 7 April 1995 accepting "the offer of the
Government of the Federal Republic of Germany to host the Convention
secretariat",
Recalling also
that the Conference of the Parties, by its decision 14/CP.1, decided
that the Convention secretariat should be institutionally linked to
the United Nations, while not being fully integrated in the work
programme and management structure of any particular department or
programme, and decided further to review the functioning of the
institutional linkage of the Convention secretariat to the United
Nations, not later than 31 December 1999, in consultation with the
Secretary-General, with a view to making such modifications as may be
considered desirable by both parties,
1. Approves the conclusions of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation adopted at its second session on 8 March 1996 (FCCC/SBI/1996/9, para. 66), and the Agreement signed in Bonn on 20 June 1996 concerning the headquarters of the Convention secretariat (FCCC/CP/1996/MISC.1);
2. Concludes that the Conference
of the Parties should consider, in the context of the review of the
functioning of the institutional linkage of the Convention
secretariat to the United Nations, whether the functions that have to
be carried out by the secretariat necessitate that it be given
juridical personality on the international plane.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the
Parties,
Recalling its
decision 17/CP.1, whereby it requested the head of the secretariat to
report to the Conference of the Parties on income and budget
performance, and to propose any adjustment that might be needed in
the Convention budget for 1996-1997,
Having considered
the related report of the Executive Secretary,(8)
1. Notes that the net total
requirements for the biennium 1996/1997 are currently estimated at
$13,573,500;
2. Requests the Executive
Secretary to communicate to all Parties, by 1 November 1996, the
indicative contributions payable for 1997, in the light of the above
estimates and of contributions already made in 1996;
3. Urges Parties that have not
paid their 1996 contributions to do so without further delay, and
urges all Parties to pay their 1997 contributions when they fall due
on 1 January 1997;
4. Notes that the revised
estimates for the biennium continue to be based on, inter alia, the assumption that
the costs of conference servicing will be financed from the regular
budget of the United Nations, and requests the Executive Secretary to
monitor related developments and report thereon as
required;
5. Takes
note that the Executive Secretary has
responded and will continue to respond to evolving demands on core
budget resources by using staff in a flexible manner and by
redeploying them as needed within available resources and within the
limits established by paragraph 5 of decision 17/CP.1;
6. Decides to maintain the level
of the working capital reserve at 8.3 per cent of estimated
expenditure for 1997, and to review that level at its third
session;
7. Takes
note of the information provided by the
Executive Secretary on this Trust Fund in his report;
8. Decides to finance from the
Fund the following activities, subject to availability of
resources:
(a) The participation of representatives of
eligible Parties in any meetings of such expert bodies as may be
specifically convened by the Conference of the Parties or its
subsidiary bodies;
(b) The participation of representatives of
eligible Parties in intersessional meetings of the Bureaux of the
Conference of the Parties or of its subsidiary bodies; and the
participation of Bureau members in consultations or official meetings
related to the Convention process.
9. Invites all Parties to continue
to make contributions to this Fund;
10. Takes
note of the information provided by the
Executive Secretary on this Trust Fund in his report;
11. Expresses its appreciation to
the Government of Germany for the special contribution made to this
Fund for each of the years 1996 and 1997;
12. Invites all Parties to continue
to make contributions to this Fund;
13. Expresses its appreciation for the generous contributions, amounting to $13,126,768, made during the lifetime of these Funds, which have considerably assisted the development of the Convention process;
14. Requests the Executive
Secretary to submit to the Conference of the Parties at its third
session, through the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, a further
report on financial performance for the biennium
1996/1997;
15. Further requests the Executive
Secretary to provide to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at
its fifth session in February/March 1997, some perspective of
estimated financial requirements for the biennium
1998/1999.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties
1. Calls on all Parties to limit,
to the extent possible, requests for additional documentation, and
also the volume of comments submitted for consideration by the
Conference of the Parties or its subsidiary bodies;
2. Requests the Executive
Secretary to limit, to the extent possible, the number and length of
documents produced by the secretariat;
3. Requests the Executive
Secretary to submit to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at its
fifth session, further options for reducing the cost of documentation
for the meetings of the Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary
bodies.
8th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
The Conference of the Parties
1. Expresses its
profound gratitude to the Government of
Switzerland for facilitating the work of the Convention process since
1991, and for the hospitality and warm welcome extended to the
participants at its second session;
2. Also expresses its
gratitude to the relevant authorities of
the Swiss Confederation and of the Republic and Canton of Geneva for
all that they have done and continue to do to provide the Convention
secretariat with a supportive working environment in the city of
Geneva.
9th plenary meeting
19 July 1996
1. Action by the
Depositary of the Convention
At its 2nd plenary meeting, on 8 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties requested the secretariat to report in due
course to the Parties to the Convention, through the Subsidiary Body
for Implementation, on the results of its consultations with the
United Nations Office of Legal Affairs and on any action taken by the
Depositary in response to the request from the Czech Republic and
Slovakia that the name of Czechoslovakia be deleted from Annex I to
the Convention, and that the names of the Czech Republic and the
Slovak Republic be included in Annex I (see Part One, section II A,
para. 10, of the present report).
2. Intergovernmental
technical advisory panel(s)
At its 2nd plenary meeting, on 8 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties decided to request the Subsidiary Body for
Scientific and Technological Advice to revert to the question of the
establishment of international technical advisory panel(s), at a
future session to be specified, in the light of any experience gained
from the operation of any future roster of experts (see Part One,
section VI A, para. 62, of the present report).
3. Special session of
the General Assembly on Agenda 21
At its 4th plenary meeting, on 12 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties decided, in response to the invitation by
the General Assembly in its resolution 50/113 to provide an input to
its special session on Agenda 21, to request the Subsidiary Body for
Implementation to consider this matter at its fifth session, in
February 1997, and to provide an input to the special session of the
General Assembly on behalf of the Conference of the Parties. It
further requested the Convention secretariat to submit a brief report
to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, to facilitate its work on
such an input (see Part One, section VIII, para. 69, of the present
report).
4. Division of labour between the Subsidiary
Body for Implementation and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and
Technological Advice
At its 4th plenary meeting, on 12 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties decided to take up, at its third session,
the question of the division of labour between the Subsidiary Body
for Implementation and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and
Technological Advice, on the basis of recommendations made to it by
the Chairmen of the two subsidiary bodies (see Part One, section II
F, para. 24, of the present report).
5. The Geneva
Ministerial Declaration
At its 7th plenary meeting, on 18 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties took note of the Geneva Ministerial
Declaration and agreed that it should be annexed to the report of the
Conference (see Part One, section IV, paras. 41 and 45, of the
present report). For the text of the Declaration, see the annex
below. For statements made in this connection, see Part One, annex
IV, of the present report.
6. Calendar of
meetings
At its 9th plenary meeting, on 19 July 1996, the
Conference of the Parties, noting the recommendation of the Bureau
that the SBSTA, the SBI and the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 should not
meet concurrently with the third session of the Conference of the
Parties, agreed to the following calendar of meetings proposed by the
Executive Secretary on the basis of discussions in the Bureau. The
Conference also agreed that the Bureau would keep the calendar under
review. (See Part One, section II G, para. 25, of the present
report).
Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice
Fourth session 16 - 18 December 1996
Fifth session 24 - 28 February 1997
Sixth session third quarter of 1997 (to be
confirmed)
Subsidiary Body for Implementation
Fourth session 10 - 11 December 1996
Fifth session 24 - 28 February 1997
Sixth session third quarter of 1997 (to be
confirmed)
Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate
Fifth session 9 - 13 December 1996
Sixth session 3 - 7 March 1997
Seventh session third quarter of 1997 (to be confirmed)
Eighth session December 1997 (to be held
concurrently with COP 3)
Ad Hoc Group on Article 13
Third session 16 - 18 December 1996
Fourth session in the period 24 February - 7 March
1997
Conference of the Parties
Third session 1 - 12 December 1997
The Ministers and other heads of
delegations present at the second session of the Conference of the
Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change,
Noting that this,
our meeting at Ministerial level under the Convention, is a
demonstration of our intention to continue to take an active and
constructive role in addressing the threat of climate
change,
1. Recall Article 2 of the
Convention; the principles of equity and of common but differentiated
responsibilities and respective capabilities in Article 3.1 of the
Convention; and the provisions of Article 3.3 concerning
precautionary measures; as well as the specific national and regional
development priorities, objectives and circumstances of the Parties
to the Convention;
2. Recognize and endorse the Second Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as
currently the most comprehensive and authoritative assessment of the
science of climate change, its impacts and response options now
available. Ministers believe that the Second Assessment Report should
provide a scientific basis for urgently strengthening action at the
global, regional and national levels, particularly action by Parties
included in Annex I to the Convention (Annex I Parties) to limit and
reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, and for all Parties to support
the development of a Protocol or another legal instrument; and
note the
findings of the IPCC, in particular the following:
- The balance of evidence suggests a discernible
human influence on global climate. Without specific policies to
mitigate climate change, the global average surface temperature
relative to 1990 is projected to increase by about 2C (between 1C and
3.5C) by 2100; average sea level is projected to rise by about 50
centimetres (between 15 and 95 centimetres) above present levels by
2100. Stabilization of atmospheric concentrations at twice
pre-industrial levels will eventually require global emissions to be
less than 50 per cent of current levels;
- The projected changes in climate will result in
significant, often adverse, impacts on many ecological systems and
socio-economic sectors, including food supply and water resources,
and on human health. In some cases, the impacts are potentially
irreversible; developing countries and small island countries are
typically more vulnerable to climate change;
- Significant reductions in net greenhouse gas
emissions are technically possible and economically feasible by
utilizing an array of technology policy measures that accelerate
technology development, diffusion and transfer; and significant
no-regrets opportunities are available in most countries to reduce
net greenhouse gas emissions;
3. Believe that the findings of
the Second Assessment Report indicate that the continued rise of
greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere will lead to
dangerous interference with the climate system, given the serious
risk of an increase in temperature and particularly the very high
rate of temperature change;
4. Recognize also the need for
continuing work by the IPCC to further reduce scientific
uncertainties, in particular regarding socio-economic and
environmental impacts on developing countries, including those
vulnerable to drought, desertification or sea-level
rise;
5. Reaffirm the existing
commitments under the Convention, including those intended to
demonstrate that Annex I Parties are taking the lead in modifying
longer-term trends in emissions by sources and removals by sinks of
greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and
agree to
strengthen the process under the Convention for the regular review of
the implementation of present and future commitments;
6. Take
note that Annex I Parties are fulfilling
their commitments to implement national policies and measures on the
mitigation of climate change. Also take
note that this is not the only commitment
that Annex I Parties have made and that many of these Parties need to
make additional efforts to overcome difficulties that they face in
achieving the aim of returning their emissions of greenhouse gases to
1990 levels by 2000;
7. Acknowledge the considerable
work done by the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate (AGBM) since the
first session of the Conference of the Parties, including the
substantive proposals presented by a number of Parties, and
call on all
Parties to come forward with proposals to facilitate substantive
negotiations beginning at the fifth session of the AGBM in December
1996;
8. Instruct their representatives
to accelerate negotiations on the text of a legally-binding protocol
or another legal instrument to be completed in due time for adoption
at the third session of the Conference of the Parties. The outcome
should fully encompass the remit of the Berlin Mandate, in
particular:
- commitments for Annex I Parties
regarding:
* policies and measures including, as appropriate,
regarding energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry, waste
management, economic instruments, institutions and
mechanisms;
* quantified legally-binding objectives for
emission limitations and significant overall reductions within
specified time-frames, such as 2005, 2010, 2020, with respect to
their anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of
greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal
Protocol;
- commitments for all Parties on continuing to
advance the implementation of existing commitments in Article
4.1;
- a mechanism to allow the regular review and
strengthening of the commitments embodied in a protocol or other
legal instrument;
- commitments to a global effort to speed up the
development, application, diffusion and transfer of climate-friendly
technologies, practices and processes; in this regard, further
concrete action should be taken;
9. Welcome the efforts of
developing country Parties to implement the Convention and thus to
address climate change and its adverse impacts and, to this end, to
make their initial national communications in accordance with
guidelines adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its second
session; and call on the GEF to provide expeditious and timely support to these
Parties and initiate work towards a full replenishment in
1997;
10. Recognize that the continuing
advancement of existing commitments by developing country Parties, in
the context of their national priorities for sustainable development,
requires determined and timely action, in particular by Annex II
Parties. Access to financial resources and to environmentally-sound
technologies consistent with Article 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 and 4.7 will be
most critical;
11. Thank the Government of the
Swiss Confederation for its contribution to the work of the second
session of the Conference of the Parties in Geneva and
look forward
to meeting again at the third session in Kyoto, in 1997, thanks to
the generous offer of the Government of Japan.
1. 1 This term includes communications from the regional economic integration organization included in Annex I to the Convention.
2. In accordance with the decisions of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change at its eight session.
3. Parties need include only those sectors where they have specific policies or measures to describe. Sectors might be further disaggregated, or other sectors added, as appropriate. Impacts of policies and measures should be included under each appropriate gas and sector. They need be described only once, where they have the most significant impact, with appropriate cross-references.
4. Other greenhouse gases might be disaggregated if appropriate.
5. The term "transfer of technology", as used in this note, encompasses practices and processes such as "soft" technologies, for example, capacity building, information networks, training and research, as well as "hard" technologies, for example, equipment to control, reduce or prevent anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases in the energy, transport, forestry, agriculture, and industry sectors, to enhance removals by sinks, and to facilitate adaptation.
7. 1 FCCC/CP/1996/6 and Add. 1-3.
8. 1 FCCC/CP/1996/7 and Add.1.
9. ** For the action taken by the Conference of the Parties, see section 5 above.