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The UNFCCC, which entered into force in 1994, provides an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. Since 1994, at each session of the COP, Parties have taken decisions on the development and transfer of environmentally sound technologies (ESTs). These decisions have laid down specific actions to be undertaken by Parties, the subsidiary bodies, the EGTT, the TEC and the secretariat to promote the development and transfer of ESTs. Some milestones can be identified in the evolution of the issue of the development and transfer of ESTs over time.
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1992
The UN Conference on Environment and Development held in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, established Agenda 21 and the three Rio Conventions, including the UNFCCC. Chapter 34 of Agenda 21 focuses on the transfer of environmentally sound technologies (ESTs), technology cooperation and capacity-building, which provided a basis for most of the early decisions on the development and transfer of technologies under the Convention.
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1994
The UNFCCC, which entered into force in 1994, provides an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. The provisions of the Convention relevant to the development and transfer of technologies are contained in Article 4, paragraphs 1(c), 3, 5 and 7.
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2001
The framework for meaningful and effective actions to enhance the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5, of the Convention, also referred to as the technology transfer framework, was adopted as part of the Marrakesh Accords (Decision 4/CP.7 ). |
2007
Negotiations at COP 13 resulted in the adoption of the Bali Action Plan ( Decision 1/CP.13 ), which established the AWG-LCA with a mandate to focus on key elements of long term cooperation, including technology transfer.
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2010
As part of the Cancun Agreements a Technology Mechanism was established at COP 16 (Decision 1/CP.16 ), comprising a Technology Executive Committee (TEC) and a Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN).
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| Key Decisions
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| Decision 1/CP.16
Cancun Agreements
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Decision 1/CP.13
Bali Action Plan
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Decision 4/CP.7
Development and transfer of
technologies
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