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COP 3 (Kyoto, December 1997) and COP 4 (Buenos Aires, November 1998), adopted decisions supporting GCOS and its partner agencies, and urging Parties to engage fully with their work and provide resources to reverse the decline in the existing observational networks.

At COP 5 (Bonn, October/November 1999), the COP adopted decision 5/CP.5, inviting the GCOS secretariat, in consultation with the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) and others, to organize regional workshops to identify priority capacity building needs to enhance the participation of developing countries in systematic observation.

COP 5 urged Parties to address deficiencies in climate observing networks. It also invited all Parties to provide detailed reports on systematic observation in line with the reporting guidelines on global climate observing systems (as part of their national communications for Annex I Parties and on a voluntary basis for non-Annex I Parties).

Later on, by decision 11/CP.13 (refers to page 45) on Reporting on global observing systems for climate, the COP adopted revised UNFCCC reporting guidelines on global climate change observing systems and decided that these revised guidelines should take effect for the preparation of detailed technical reports on systematic observation in accordance with the provisions of decisions 4/CP.5 and 5/CP.5.  The decision further requests Annex I Parties to continue providing such reports in conjunction with their national communications.

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