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Paris Agreement - Status of Ratification
 

Parties have ratified of 197 Parties to the Convention

On 5 October 2016, the threshold for entry into force of the Paris Agreement was achieved. The Paris Agreement entered into force on 4 November 2016. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA1) will take place in Marrakech in conjunction with COP 22 and CMP 12. More information available soon.


The Paris Agreement pdf-icon entered into force on 4 November 2016, thirty days after the date on which at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55 % of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession with the Depositary.


The list below contains the latest information concerning dates of signature and receipt of instruments of ratification by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as Depositary of the Kyoto Protocol. The dates in the third column are those of the receipt of the instrument of ratification, acceptance (A) or approval (AA).


Authoritative information on the status of the Paris Agreement, including information on signatories to the Agreement, ratification and entry into force, is provided by the Depositary, through the United Nations Treaty Collection website, which can be accessed here, and the Depositary Notifications which are available here.


Background information related to the ratification, acceptance, approval or accession of the Paris Agremeent, as well as its entry into force can be found here.



Paris Agreement

 


Paris, 12 December 2015

Entry into force: 4 November 2016

Status: Signatories: 193. Parties: 112

Note: The Paris Agreement was adopted on 12 December 2015 at the twenty-first session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Paris from 30 November to 13 December 2015. In accordance with its article 20, the Agreement shall be open for signature at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 22 April 2016 until 21 April 2017 by States and regional economic integration organizations that are Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.


Participant Signature

Ratification
Acceptance (A)
Approval (AA)

AFGHANISTAN 22 Apr 2016


ALBANIA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

ALGERIA 22 Apr 2016
20 Oct 2016

ANDORRA 22 Apr 2016


ANGOLA 22 Apr 2016


ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016
ARGENTINA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

ARMENIA 20 Sep 2016


AUSTRALIA 22 Apr 2016
9 Nov 2016

AUSTRIA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016

AZERBAIJAN 22 Apr 2016


BAHAMAS 22 Apr 2016
22 Aug 2016

BAHRAIN 22 Apr 2016


BANGLADESH 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

BARBADOS 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

BELARUS 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016 A

BELGIUM* 22 Apr 2016


BELIZE 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

BENIN 22 Apr 2016
31 Oct 2016

BHUTAN 22 Apr 2016


BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL  STATE OF)
22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 22 Apr 2016


BOTSWANA 22 Apr 2016

11 Nov  2016

BRAZIL 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

BULGARIA 22 Apr 2016


BURKINA FASO 22 Apr 2016
11 Nov 2016

BURUNDI 22 Apr 2016


CABO VERDE 22 Apr 2016


CAMBODIA 22 Apr 2016


CAMEROON 22 Apr 2016
29 Jul 2016

CANADA 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016
11 Oct 2016

CHAD 22 Apr 2016


CHILE 20 Sep 2016


CHINA*
22 Apr 2016
3 Sep 2016

COLOMBIA 22 Apr 2016


COMOROS 22 Apr 2016


CONGO 22 Apr 2016


COOK ISLANDS* 24 Jun 2016
1 Sep 2016

COSTA RICA 22 Apr 2016
13 Oct 2016

COTE D'IVOIRE 22 Apr 2016
25 Oct 2016

CROATIA 22 Apr 2016


CUBA 22 Apr 2016


CYPRUS 22 Apr 2016


CZECH REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016


DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA 22 Apr 2016
1 Aug 2016

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 22 Apr 2016


DENMARK (1)
22 Apr 2016
1 Nov 2016 (A)

DJIBOUTI 22 Apr 2016
11 Nov 2016

DOMINICA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016


ECUADOR 26 July 2016


EGYPT 22 Apr 2016


EL SALVADOR 22 Apr 2016


EQUATORIAL GUINEA 22 Apr 2016


ERITREA 22 Apr 2016


ESTONIA 22 Apr 2016
4 Nov 2016

ETHIOPIA 22 Apr 2016


EUROPEAN UNION* 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

FIJI 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016
FINLAND 22 Apr 2016
14 Nov 2016

FRANCE 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

GABON 22 Apr 2016
2 Nov 2016

GAMBIA 26 Apr 2016
7 Nov 2016

GEORGIA 22 Apr 2016


GERMANY 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

GHANA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

GREECE 22 Apr 2016
14 Oct 2016

GRENADA 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

GUATEMALA 22 Apr 2016


GUINEA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

GUINEA-BISSAU 22 Apr 2016


GUYANA 22 Apr 2016
20 May 2016

HAITI 22 Apr 2016


HONDURAS 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

HUNGARY 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

ICELAND 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016 A

INDIA* 22 Apr 2016
2 Oct 2016

INDONESIA 22 Apr 2016
31 Oct 2016

IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) 22 Apr 2016


IRELAND 22 Apr 2016
4 Nov  2016

ISRAEL 22 Apr 2016


ITALY 22 Apr 2016
11 Nov  2016

JAMAICA 22 Apr 2016


JAPAN 22 Apr 2016
8 Nov 2016 A

JORDAN 22 Apr 2016
4 Nov 2016

KAZAKHASTAN 2 Aug 2016


KENYA 22 Apr 2016


KIRIBATI 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

KUWAIT 22 Apr 2016


KYRGYZSTAN 21 Sep 2016


LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 22 Apr 2016
7 Sep 2016

LATVIA 22 Apr 2016


LEBANON 22 Apr 2016


LESOTHO 22 Apr 2016


LIBERIA 22 Apr 2016


LIBYA 22 Apr 2016


LIECHTENSTEIN 22 Apr 2016


LITHUANIA 22 Apr 2016


LUXEMBOURG 22 Apr 2016
4 Nov  2016

MADAGASCAR 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

MALAWI 20 Sep 2016


MALAYSIA 22 Apr 2016
16 Nov  2016

MALDIVES 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

MALI 22 Apr 2016
23 Sep 2016

MALTA 22 Apr 2016
5 Oct 2016

MARSHALL ISLANDS* 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

MAURITANIA 22 Apr 2016


MAURITIUS 22 Apr 2016
22 Apr 2016

MEXICO* 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

MICRONESIA* (FEDERATED STATES OF) 22 Apr 2016
15 Sep 2016

MONACO 22 Apr 2016
24 Oct 2016

MONGOLIA 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

MONTENEGRO 22 Apr 2016


MOROCCO 22 Apr 2016
21 Sep 2016

MOZAMBIQUE 22 Apr 2016


MYANMAR 22 Apr 2016

NAMIBIA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

NAURU* 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016

NEPAL 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016

NETHERLANDS 22 Apr 2016

NEW ZEALAND (2)
22 Apr 2016 4 Oct 2016

NIGER 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

NIGERIA 22 Sep 2016

NIUE* 28 Oct 2016 28 Oct 2016

NORWAY 22 Apr 2016 20 June 2016

OMAN 22 Apr 2016

PAKISTAN 22 Apr 2016 10 Nov  2016

PALAU 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016

PANAMA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

PAPUA NEW GUINEA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

PARAGUAY 22 Apr 2016 14 Oct 2016

PERU 22 Apr 2016 25 Jul 2016

PHILIPPINES 22 Apr 2016

POLAND* 22 Apr 2016 7 Oct 2016

PORTUGAL 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016

QATAR 22 Apr 2016

REPUBLIC OF KOREA 22 Apr 2016 3 Nov 2016

REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA 21 Sep 2016

ROMANIA 22 Apr 2016

RUSSIAN FEDERATION 22 Apr 2016

RWANDA 22 Apr 2016 6 Oct 2016

SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016

SAINT LUCIA 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 22 Apr 2016 29 Jun 2016

SAMOA 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016

SAN MARINO 22 Apr 2016

SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 22 Apr 2016 2 Nov 2016

SAUDI ARABIA  3 Nov 2016  3 Nov 2016  
SENEGAL 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

SERBIA 22 Apr 2016

SEYCHELLES 25 Apr 2016 29 Apr 2016

SIERRA LEONE 22 Sep 2016 1 Nov 2016

SINGAPORE 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

SLOVAKIA 22 Apr 2016 5 Oct 2016

SLOVENIA 22 Apr 2016

SOLOMON ISLANDS* 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

SOMALIA 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016

SOUTH AFRICA 22 Apr 2016 1 Nov 2016

SOUTH SUDAN 22 Apr 2016

SPAIN 22 Apr 2016

SRI LANKA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016
STATE OF PALESTINE 22 Apr 2016 22 Apr 2016

SUDAN 22 Apr 2016

SURINAME 22 Apr 2016

SWAZILAND 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016
SWEDEN 22 Apr 2016 13 Oct 2016

SWITZERLAND 22 Apr 2016

TAJIKISTAN 22 Apr 2016

THAILAND 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 22 Apr 2016

TIMOR-LESTE 22 Apr 2016

TOGO 19 Sep 2016

TONGA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 22 Apr 2016

TUNISIA 22 Apr 2016

TURKEY 22 Apr 2016

TURKMENISTAN 23 Sep 2016 21 Oct 2016

TUVALU* 22 Apr 2016 22 April 2016

UGANDA 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

UKRAINE 22 Apr 2016 19 Sep 2016

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016 A

UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND 22 Apr 2016 18 Nov 2016


UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 22 Apr 2016

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 22 Apr 2016 3 Sep 2016 A

URUGUAY 22 Apr 2016
19 Oct 2016

VANUATU* 22 Apr 2016 21 Sep 2016

VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF) 22 Apr 2016

VIET NAM 22 Apr 2016 3 Nov 2016 AA

YEMEN 23 Sep 2016

ZAMBIA 20 Sep 2016

ZIMBABWE 22 Apr 2016


(1) With territorial exclusion in respect of Greenland. See pdf-icon C.N.819.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7.d of 1 November 2016.
(2) With a territorial exclusion. See pdf-icon C.N.723.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7.d of 4 October 2016.6.


*Declarations
(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations were made upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.)

Belgium
Declaration made upon signature:
“This signature engages also the Walloon Region, the Flemish Region and the Brussels-Capital Region.”

China
Declaration:
In accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, the Government of the People’s Republic of China decides that the Agreement applies to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.

Cook Islands
Declaration:
The Government of the Cook Islands declares its understanding that acceptance of the Paris Agreement and its application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change. The Government of the Cook Islands further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests.

European Union
Declaration:
“Declaration by the Union made in accordance with Article 20(3) of the Paris Agreement The following States are at present Members of the European Union: the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The European Union declares that, in accordance with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 191 and Article 192(1) thereof, it is competent to enter into international agreements, and to implement the obligations resulting therefrom, which contribute to the pursuit of the following objectives: - preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment; - protecting human health; - prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources; - promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change. … The European Union will continue to provide information, on a regular basis on any substantial modifications in the extent of its competence, in accordance with Article 20(3) of the Agreement.”

India
Declaration:
“The Government of India declares its understanding that, as per its national laws; keeping in view its development agenda, particularly the eradication of poverty and provision of basic needs for all its citizens, coupled with its commitment to following the low carbon path to progress, and on the assumption of unencumbered availability of cleaner sources of energy and technologies and financial resources from around the world; and based on a fair and ambitious assessment of global commitment to combating climate change, it is ratifying the Paris Agreement.”

Marshall Islands
Declaration:
“…the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands declares its understanding that ratification of the Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under any other laws, including international law, and the communication depositing the Republic's instrument of ratification shall include a declaration to this effect for international record; FURTHERMORE, the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands declares that, in light of best scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-Industrial levels and as a consequence, will have severe implications for our national interests…”

Mexico
Interpretative declaration:
… in accordance with their national legal framework, and in consideration of the best and most up-to-date scientific information available and incorporated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the United Mexican States understands greenhouse gas emissions to mean the release into the atmosphere of greenhouse gases and/or their precursors and aerosols into the atmosphere, including, where applicable, greenhouse compounds, within a specific area and during a specific period of time.

Micronesia (Federated States of)
Declaration:
“The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia declares its understanding that its ratification of the Paris Agreement does not constitute a renunciation of any rights of the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation and liability due to the adverse effects of climate change; and The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessments on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in the Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature increase above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels, and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for the national interests of the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia.”

Nauru
Declaration:
“… the Government, of Nauru declares its understanding that the ratification of the Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility [for] the adverse effects of climate change. FURTHER, the Government of Nauru declares that no provisions in the Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. AND FURTHER, the Government of Nauru declares its understanding that Article 8 and decision 1/CP.21, paragraph 51 in no way limits the ability of Parties to UNFCCC or the Agreement to raise, discuss, or address any present or future concerns regarding the issues of liability and compensation. The Republic of Nauru put forth its concern intended to recognize and acknowledge its national interest...”

Niue
Declaration:
“The Government of Niue declares its understanding that acceptance of the Paris Agreement and its application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change.
The Government of Niue further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests.”

Poland
Declaration made upon signature:
“The Government of the Republic of Poland recognizes that under Article 9 paragraph 1 of the Paris Agreement developed country Parties shall provide financial resources to assist developing country Parties with respect to both mitigation and adaptation in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention. In this context the Government of the Republic of Poland notes that Poland is a Party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change not included in Annex II.”

Solomon Islands
Declaration:
“… the Government of Solomon Islands declares its understanding that acceptance of the aforesaid Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change; FURTHER, that the Government of Solomon Islands declares that no provision in this Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to impacts of climate change; AND that the Government of Solomon Islands declares that the low ambition of the Paris Agreement and its adequacy to stabilize global temperature to safe level of below 1.5 degree Celsius, such emissions will have severe impacts and undermining our sustainable development efforts…”

Tuvalu
Declaration:
“The Government of Tuvalu hereby notifies that it will apply the Paris Agreement provisionally as provided for in paragraph 4 of Decision 1/CP.21. […] The Government of Tuvalu further declares its understanding that acceptance of the aforesaid Paris Agreement and its provisional application shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change and that no provision in the Paris Agreement can be interpreted as derogating from principles of general international law or any claims or rights concerning compensation due to the impacts of climate change. The Government of Tuvalu further declares that, in light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emissions reduction obligations in the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent a global temperature stabilisation level at or above 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels and as a consequence, such emissions will have severe implications for our national interests.”

Vanuatu
Declaration:
“WHEREAS the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu declares its understanding that ratification of the Paris Agreement shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under any other laws, including international law, and the communication depositing the Republic’s instrument of ratification shall include a declaration to this effect for international record; FURTHERMORE, that the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu declares that, in light of best scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, it considers the emission reduction obligations in Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and the aforesaid Paris Agreement to be inadequate to prevent global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-Industrial levels and as a consequence, will have severe implications for our national interests...”

Authentic texts of the Paris Agreement

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First nationally determined contribution
By decision 1/CP.21, paragraph 22, the COP invited Parties to communicate their first nationally determined contribution (NDC) no later than when the Party submits its respective instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. If a Party has communicated an intended nationally determined contribution (INDC) prior to joining the Agreement, that Party shall be considered to have satisfied this provision unless that Party decides otherwise. Further information be found here.