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Annex I Parties
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Quantified economy-wide emissions targets for 2020
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Emissions reduction in 2020
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Base year
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 Australia
(165 kB)
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-5% up to -15% or -25%
Australia will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 25% on 2000 levels by 2020 if the world agrees
to an ambitious global deal capable of stabilising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at
450 ppm CO2-eq or lower. Australia will unconditionally reduce our emissions by 5% below 2000 levels
by 2020, and by up to 15% by 2020 if there is a global agreement which falls short of securing
atmospheric stabilisation at 450 ppm CO2-eq and under which major developing economies commit to
substantially restrain emissions and advanced economies take on commitments comparable to
Australia's.
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2000
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Belarus
(208 kB)
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-5-10% reduction, which is premised on the presence of and access of Belarus to the Kyoto flexible
mechanisms, intensification of technology transfer, capacity building and experience enhancement for
Belarus taking into consideration the special conditions of the Parties included in Annex I undergoing
the process of transition to a market economy, clarity in the use of new LULUCF rules and modalities.
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1990
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Canada
(Eng.) (316
kB) (Fr.)
(364 kB)
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17%, to be aligned with the final economy-wide emissions target of the United States in enacted
legislation.
17% en vue d'être aligné avec l'objectif de réduction d'émissions
final des États-Unis dans la législation en vigueur.
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2005
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Croatia (286
kB)
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-5%
Temporary target for Croatia. Upon the accession of Croatia to the European Union, the Croatian
target shall be replaced by arrangement in line with and part of the European Union mitigation
effort.
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1990
Base year calculated according to decision 7/CP.12
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EU¹ and its Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Estonia,
Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta,
Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom)
acting in common (346 kB)
Communication
from Denmark (45 kB)
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20%/30%
As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, the EU reiterates its
conditional offer to move to a 30% reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, provided that other
developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that developing countries
contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities.
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1990
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Iceland
(51 kB)
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30% reduction, in a joint effort with the European Union, as part of a global and comprehensive
agreement for the period beyond 2012, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to
comparable emissions reductions and that developing countries contribute adequately according to their
responsibilities and respective capabilities.
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1990
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Japan (141
kB)
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25% reduction, which is premised on the establishment of a fair and effective international framework
in which all major economies participate and on agreement by those economies on ambitious targets.
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1990
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Kazakhstan² (61 kB)
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15%
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1992
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Liechtenstein (358 kB)
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Liechtenstein commits itself to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions 20% below 1990 levels by 2020. If
other developed countries agree to comparable reductions and emerging economies contribute according to
their respective capabilities and responsibilities within a framework of a binding agreement,
Liechtenstein is
prepared to raise its target up to 30%.
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1990
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Monaco (597
kB)
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30%
- Pour atteindre cet objectif de réduction la Principauté de Monaco entend utiliser des
mécanismes de flexibilité comme ceux établis par le Protocole de Kyoto et plus
particulièrement le Mécanisme pour un Développement Propre.
- La Principauté de Monaco visera à devenir neutre en carbone en 2050 au plus tard et se
réserve à ce titre la possibilité de dépasser l’objectif de réduction
qu’elle s’est fixée en 2020 à travers des mécanismes de compensation.
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1990
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New Zealand
(81 kB)
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New Zealand is prepared to take on a responsibility target for greenhouse gas emissions reductions of
between 10 per cent and 20 per cent below 1990 levels by 2020, if there is a comprehensive global
agreement. This means:
• the global agreement sets the world on a pathway to limit temperature rise to not more than
2° C;
• developed countries make comparable efforts to those of New Zealand;
• advanced and major emitting developing countries take action fully commensurate with their
respective capabilities;
• there is an effective set of rules for land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF);
and
• there is full recourse to a broad and efficient international carbon market.
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1990
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Norway (99
kB)
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30-40%
As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012 where major emitting
Parties agree on emissions reductions in line with the 2 degrees Celsius target, Norway will move to
a level of 40% reduction for 2020.
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1990
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Russian Federation
(Rus.)
(870 kB) (Eng.) (30
kB)
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15-25 %
уровень
сокращений
будет зависеть
от следующих
условий:
- надлежащий учет
потенциала
российских
лесов в
контексте
вклада в
выполнение
обязательств по
сокращению
антропогенных
эмиссий; и
- принятие
юридически
значимых
обязательств по
сокращению
антропогенных
эмиссий
парниковых
газов всеми
крупнейшими
эмитентами.
the range of the GHG emission reductions will depend on the following conditions:
- Appropriate accounting of the potential of Russia’s forestry in frame of contribution in
meeting the obligations of the anthropogenic emissions reduction;
- Undertaking by all major emitters the legally binding obligations to reduce anthropogenic GHG
emissions.
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1990
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Switzerland
(Eng.) (348 kB) (Fr.) (33
kB)
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20% / 30%
As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, Switzerland reiterates
its conditional offer to move to a 30% reduction by 2020 compared to the 1990 levels, provided that
other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that developing
countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective
capabilities.
Dans le cadre d’un accord mondial et complet pour la période au-delà de 2012, la
Suisse réitère son offre conditionnelle de réduire ses émissions de 30 % en 2020
par rapport au niveau de 1990, si d'autres Etats industrialisés s’engagent
eux-mêmes à des réductions comparables de leurs émissions et que les pays en
développement fournissent des efforts adéquats en accord avec leurs responsabilités et
leurs capacités respectives.
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1990
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Ukraine (606
kB)
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20%
Ukraine associates with Copenhagen Accord under the following conditions:
- To have the agreed position of the developed countries on quantified emissions reduction targets of
the Annex I countries;
- To keep the status of Ukraine as a country with economy in transition and relevant preferences
arising from such status;
- To keep the existing flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol;
- To keep 1990 as the single base year for calculating Parties commitments;
- To use provisions of Article 3.13 of the Kyoto Protocol for calculation of the quantified emissions
reduction of the Annex I countries of the Kyoto Protocol for the relevant commitment period.
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1990
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United
States of America (79 kB)
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In the range of 17%, in conformity with anticipated U.S. energy and climate legislation, recognizing
that the final target will be reported to the Secretariat in light of enacted legislation.¹
¹The pathway set forth in pending legislation would entail a 30% reduction in 2025 and a 42%
reduction in 2030, in line with the goal to reduce emissions 83% by 2050.
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2005
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