Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization

Department:

International Cooperation Center

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

NEDO

Function within activity:

Governmental Organization of Japan side in charge of

project evaluation, negotiation as well as implementation

of national AIJ program

Street:

1-1, 3-chome Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku

Post code:

170-6028

City:

Tokyo

Country:

Japan

Telephone:

81-3-3987-9313

Fax:

81-3-5992-2290

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

http://www.nedo.go.jp

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Kigasawa

First name, middle name:

Takaji

Job title:

Director

Direct tel:

81-3-3987-9466

Direct fax:

81-3-3987-5103

Direct E-mail:

kigasawatkj@nedo.go.jp

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

NKK Corporation

Department:

Engineering Division

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

NKK

Function within activity:

Entrusted by NEDO to execute Japanese scope of this AIJ project in cooperation with Chinese counterpart.

Street:

2-1, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku

Post code:

203-8611

City:

Yokohama

Country:

Japan

Telephone:

81-45-505-6568

Fax:

81-45-505-8929

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

http://www.tsurumi.nkk.co.jp

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Ishii

First name, middle name:

Akira

Job title:

Deputy General Manager

Direct tel:

81-45-505-6568

Direct fax:

81-45-505-8929

Direct E-mail:

ishiia@eng.tsurumi.nkk.co.jp

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

The Ministry of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China

Department:

Department of Rural and Social Development

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

MOST

Function within activity:

Governmental Authority of China side in charge of project evaluation, negotiation and approval as well as implementation of national AIJ program

Street:

15B Fuxing Road

Post code:

100862

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People's Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Lu

First name, middle name:

Xuedu

Job title:

Direct Tel.:

86 10 68514054

Direct fax:

86 10 68512163

Direct E-mail:

Lv Xuedu LVXD@MAIL.MOST.GOV.CN

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

The State Development Planning Commission, People's Republic of China

Department:

Department of Regional Economy

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

SDPC

Function within activity:

Governmental Authority of China side in charge of national development plan and national project evaluation and domestic approval for project financing and construction.

Street:

38,S. Yuetan Street

Post code:

100824

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People's Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

First name, middle name:

Job title:

Direct tel:

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

The State Metallurgical Industry Bureau, People's Republic of China

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

SMIB

Function within activity:

Governmental Authority of China side in charge of sectoral management for state owned metallurgical industry, including energy conservation renovation.

Street:

46 Dongsi Xidajie

Post code:

100711

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People's Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

First name, middle name:

Job title:

Direct tel:

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

Planning Committee of Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

PCLP

Function within activity:

Provincial governmental authority of Liaoning Province of China side in charge of provincial development plan and provincial project evaluation and domestic approval for project financing and construction.

Street:

No.45 Beijing Street, Huanggu District

Post code:

110032

City:

Shenyang

Country:

The People's Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

First name, middle name:

Job title:

Direct tel.:

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

Liaoyang Ferroalloy Group

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

LFG

Function within activity:

The owner and executive entity of the project.

Street:

No.21 Zhenxing Road

Post code:

111004

City:

Liaoyang, Liaoning Province

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

86 419 3306858

Fax:

86 419 3303264

E-mail:

Lythj@public2.lyptt.in.cn

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

CHEN

First name, middle name:

Tie Gang

Job title:

Director

Direct tel.:

86-419-3306858

Direct fax:

86-419-3303264

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization^(a):

Name of organization (English):

Tsinghua University

Department:

Institute for Techno-Economics & Energy Systems Analysis / Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

ITEESA /INET

Function within activity:

Entrusted by MOST to execute Chinese scope of this AIJ project in cooperation with Japanese counterpart. See A. 5) in detail.

Street:

Tsinghua Yuan Street, Haidian District

Post code:

100084

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People's Republic of China

Telephone:

86-10-6277-2752, 6278-3655

Fax:

86-10-6277-1150

E-mail:

Liuds@tsinghua.edu.cn

WWW-URL:

http://www.inet.tsinghua.edu.cn

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Liu

First name, middle name:

Deshun

Job title:

Professor, Deputy Director, Global Climate Change Institute (GCCI), INET/ITEESA Tsinghua University

Direct Tel.:

86-10-6277-2752, 6278-3655

Direct fax:

86-10-6277-1150

Direct E-mail:

Liuds@tsinghua.edu.cn

General description :

The objective of the Project is to contribute to efficient use of energy and consequently the protection of the local environment in Liaoyang, P.R.China as well as the reduction of CO₂ emission, by installing furnace cover, CO gas recovery system, and a palletizing plant into existing electric furnaces at Liaoyang Ferroalloy Works and disseminating the technology in P.R.China.

Type of project :

Energy efficiency

Location (exact, e.g. city, region, State):

No.21 Zhenxing Road, Liaoyang Liaoning, 111004, P.R. China

Activity starting date:

September 1998

Expected activity ending date:

March 2021

Stage of activity:

Mutually agreed

Lifetime of activity if different from ending date:

20 Years

Technical data:

Annual production of ferro-chromium at Liaoyang Ferroalloy Works is around 38,300 ton/year.

After implementing the project:

1. Unit electricity consumption of the furnace is expected to be reduced by 132 kWh/ton-FeCr.
2. Unit coke consumption is expected to be reduced by 49kg/ton-FeCr.
3. The waste CO will be recovered as fuel at the net rate of 471 Nm³-CO/ton-FeCr, which will replace boiler fuel equivalent to 6,945 ton-coal/year.
4. Calorific value of the gas is 2,700 kcal/ Nm³.
5. CO₂ emission is then expected to be reduced by 29,050 ton-CO₂/year.

Cost of the project in US$:

3,750,000

6,192,000

3,330,000

8,623,000*

AIJ component in US$**:

3,750,000

6,192,000

3,330,000

8,623,000*

US$ per avoided ton of CO₂***

Basic Agreement concerning the execution of this project was concluded between NEDO and SDPC, SMIB and PCLP on September 3, 1998.

NEDO concluded with NKK Co. to trust the execution of Japanese scope of this project in December 4, 1998.

NKK Co. and LFG concluded the Execution Document (ED) in which concrete specification, detail work assignment, etc. concerning this project was clearly specified in September 16, 1998, and started the design and engineering work of the project.

As determined in ED, LFG shall have responsibility to record and provide technical and economic data, which will be necessary for calculation of the CO₂ emission level both for baseline and the AIJ project and for calculation of the emission reduction cost. Such data shall cover, for example, unit electricity consumption, unit coke consumption and total amount of recovery furnace gas, etc., as well as other investment and operation cost data for the subsequent reporting period.

LFG and NKK shall submit the report on the data listed as above to MOST and NEDO before and after completion of the test run for review.

Based on the data available, ITEESA, Tsinghua University shall make feasibility study on the eligibility of the AIJ project and on assessment of the environmental benefits relating to the CO₂ emission reduction, as well as on the methodological issues in close co-operation with LFG and NKK experts, with a view of preparing study report and draft report in uniform reporting format, to be submitted to both governments.

MOST and NEDO concluded the "Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Model Project for Energy Conservation in Electric Furnace Used for Ferro-Alloy Refining as a project of AIJ under the pilot phase"on September 25, 1998.

The Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (MITI) approved this project as Activity Implemented Jointly - Japan Program on June 17, 1998.

(MITI) The Japanese government confirmed this project as Activity Implemented Jointly (AIJ) under pilot phase on June 23,1999.

MOST authorized by Chinese government, confirmed this project as Activity Implemented Jointly (AIJ) under pilot phase on July 9,1999.

Describe (to the extent possible) how the activity is compatible with and supportive of national economic development and socio-economic and environment priorities and strategies

As energy supply and demand issues and protection of the global environment have become the focus of worldwide interest, NEDO is promoting energy conservation model projects in Asian countries including China, to contribute to the effective use of energy and improvement of environmental pollution.

In China, strong national policies for energy conservation and environmental protection have been set, and relating regulations and laws have come into effect. The energy intensive metallurgical industry in China has been listed as focused sector for energy conservation.

As an AIJ cooperation between Japan and China, this project will contribute to efficient use of energy and consequent protection of the local environment in China as well as CO₂ emission mitigation by adopting advanced technology and equipment provided by Japan in the Ferro-Alloy Refinery Works in the sector. Therefore the AIJ activity is compatible with and supportive of national economic development and socio-economic environment priorities and strategies.

Describe environmental benefits in detail:

Electric power and consumption of cokes and electrode consumption will be reduced and waste CO will be recovered by implementing the project. Accordingly,

1. CO₂ emission associated with power generation, coke and CO combustion will be reduced.
2. SO₂ emission associated with power generation and production of cokes will be reduced.
3. As recovery system equipped with series of Venturi scrubbers will be installed to remove most of the dust contained in the gas, therefore, the dust emission will be dramatically reduced.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of environmental benefits?

Yes, CO₂ emission reduction is estimated as 29,050 ton-CO₂/year.

Describe social/cultural benefits in detail:

1. Project management method
2. Management of pelletizing plant operation including pellet size control
3. Operating of CO gas recovery system
4. Increase in job opportunity for pelletizing plant

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of social benefits?

No

Describe economic benefits in detail:

1. Cost in electric power consumption will be reduced.
2. Cost in coke consumption will be reduced by less coke/Fe ratio, when pellets ore are used.
3. Raw material cost can be reduced by utilizing pellets which is made from the cheaper fine chromium ore, instead of expensive bulk ore.
4. CO gas will be recovered from the electric furnace as fuel used in steam boiler to generate heat replacing those for TiO production process and space heating in winter that are currently purchased from thermal power utility.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of economic benefits?

Yes

The production capacity: 38,300 ton-FeCr/year (without change between baseline and AIJ),

1. Unit electricity consumption: for baseline is 3676 kWh/ton-FeCr, for AIJ is 3384kWh/t-FeCr;
2. Unit coke consumption: for baseline is 526 kg/ton-FeCr, which is in the form of bulk Fe ore with higher price at 132.9 US$/ton-Fe ore, and

   for AIJ is 477kg-Coke/ton-FeCr, which is in the form of powder Fe ore with lower price at 100.4 US$/ton-Fe ore;

   Comparing with AIJ project, more coke is wasted in baseline case at the emission rate of 526-477 = 49 kg/ton-FeCr;

3. Fixed carbon rate in the coke: 83%
4. Reaction gas emission rate: for baseline is 711 m³/ton-FeCr, and for AIJ is 635 m³/ton-FeCr in which the content of CO₂ and CO are 7.57% and 84.48% respectively; Comparing with AIJ project, more gas is released in baseline case at the emission rate of 711-635 = 76 m³/ton-FeCr which mainly consists of CO₂ emitted by those waste coke that are not involved in the oxygenating reduction reaction with Fe ore and eventually burnt into the air in the form of CO₂;
5. The effective thermal value of the recovered reaction gas emission in AIJ project is 2700 Kcal/Nm³ and converted into 0.385 kgce/Nm³;
6. Energy efficiency for the coal fired co-generation boiler is 75 %, 150Kgce/ton-steam, and for the gas fired industrial boiler is 80%, 141Kgce/ton-steam;
7. These part of steam purchased from cogeneration utility will be replaced by steam generated from industrial boiler fueled with recovered CO;
8. Energy intensity of electricity supply in local grid is 400gce/kWh ;
9. Calorific value of steam in Liaoyang’s heat supply pipeline is 113 kgce/ton-steam;

BASELINE (Calculation)

The baseline emission could be calculated based on three processes in baseline case, i.e. the Ferro-alloy refinery with bulk Fe ore, CO gas generation without recovery and steam generation from local coal fired co-generation power plant;

1. The CO₂ emission from the Ferroalloy refinery works with bulk Fe ore:

In this process, CO₂ emission is accrued from energy consumption of the electricity used in the electric furnace, from coke in its reaction with Fe-Cr ore and from the waste coke which will be saved otherwise in the AIJ project. So the CO₂ emission E_F can be calculated by the following formula:

E_F = ? E_Fi = ? D_i×F1_i×F2_i = 40067.94 ton-C/a +986.28 ton-C/a + 1557.66 ton-C/a = 42,611.88 ton-C/a = 156,243.56 t-CO₂/a

where i: electricity, coke, and waste coke, respectively,

(1) CO₂ emission from electricity, E_Felec = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = electricity

D_elec= Annual consumption of electricity = production capacity × Unit electricity consumption

= 38300 ton-FeCr/a × 3676 kWh/ton-FeCr =1.4079 × 10⁸kWh/a

F1_elec = the energy efficiency of electricity generation = 0.400kgce/kWh;

F2_elec = the emission factor of CO₂ = 0.726´ 0.98=0.711kg-C/kgce-coal;

E_Felec = 1.4079*10⁸kWh/a ´ 0.400kgce/kWh ´ 0.711kg-C/kgce = 40067.94ton-C/a

(2) CO₂ emission from coke in reaction with Fe ore, E_Fcoke = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = coke

D_coke = Annual reaction gas emission from coke in reaction with Fe ore

= production capacity × Unit gas emission rate, which is the same as that in the AIJ project, due to the same productive reaction process.= 38300t-CrFe/a × 635 gas Nm³/t-CrFe = 2432.05 × 10⁴ gas Nm³/a

F1_coke = the content of CO₂ in the reaction gas = 7.57%

F2_coke = the conversion factor for CO₂ from volume to weight (in kg-C)

= 12kg/kmol/(22.4Nm³/kmol))

E_Fcoke = 2432.05 × 10⁴ gas Nm³/a ´ 7.57%/(22.4Nm³/kmol)) ×12kg/kmol = 986.28ton-C/a

(3) CO₂ emission from burning of waste coke without reaction with Fe ore,

E_{F wast coke} = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = waste coke

D _{wast coke} = Annual waste coke consumption = production capacity × Unit waste coke consumption = 38300t-CrFe/a × (0.526-0.477) t-coke/t-CrFe = 1876.7 t-C

F1_{waste coke} = the content of fixed carbon in the coke = 83%

F2_{waste coke} = the conversion rate from waste coke to CO₂ = 100%,

E_{Fwaste coke} = 1876.7 t-C ´ 83% × 100% = 1557.66 ton-C/a

2. The CO₂ emission from the CO generation and burning without recovery:

In this process, CO emission is firstly generated in coke-Fe oxygenating reduction reaction and mixed with the reaction gas, and then burning without recovery. Similar to CO₂ emission in 1. (2), those reaction gas emission is the same as that in the AIJ project, due to the same productive reaction process. So the CO₂ emission E_CO can be calculated as following:

E_CO = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = CO

D_CO = Annual reaction gas emission from coke in reaction with Fe ore

= production capacity × Unit gas emission rate.

= 38300t-CrFe/a × 635 gas Nm³/t-CrFe = 2432.05 × 10⁴ gas Nm³/a

F1_CO = the content of CO in the reaction gas = 84.48%

F2_CO = the conversion factor for CO from volume to weight (in kg-C)

= 12kg/kmol/(22.4Nm³/kmol))

E_CO = 2432.05 × 10⁴ gas Nm³/a ´ 84.48%/(22.4Nm³/kmol)) ×12kg/kmol = 11006.76 ton-C/a.

3. The CO₂ emission from steam generation by local coal fired co-generation power plant

It should be noted that this amount of CO₂ emission is accrued from those steam generation in the local co-generation utility, that will be replaced by net steam output to be generated by recovered CO in industrial boiler in the AIJ project. Here the net steam output should be less than gross steam output, due to the part of recovered CO will be used as fuel for heating in palletizing process, at the rate of 146 m³gas/T-FeCr, and the part of recovered steam will be used for CO recovery process, at the rate of 28.617 m³/ton FeCr .

(see AIJ project part for detail)

So the CO₂ emission from steam generation equivalent to the net output from AIJ project,

E_steam can be calculated as following:

E_steam = D_i×F1_i×F2_i = 4930.643 ton-C/a, i = steam

D_steam: Annual consumption of steam generation equivalent

= production capacity × (unit steam output by net recovered CO in AIJ project – unit steam consumption for CO recovery process)

= 38300 t-CrFe/a × (635-164-28.617) m³gas/t-FeCr × 0.385 kgce/m³ × tce/1000kgce

× 80%/0.113 tce/ton-steam = 46181.34 ton-steam,

Here, we use the following parameters:

reaction gas CO emission rate = 635 m³/ton-FeCr,

recovered gas CO consumption rate for Fe-Cr ore-palletizing process = 164 m³/ton-FeCr,

equivalent CO consumption rate for heating in CO recovery process = 28.617 m³/ton- FeCr,

F1_steam: the energy intensity of steam generation in cogeneration utility =150kgce/ton-steam

F2 _steam: the emission factor of CO₂ = 0.711kg-C/kgce;

E _steam = 46181.34 t-steam ×150kgce/ton-steam ×0.711kg-C/kgce = 4925.24ton-C/a,

4. The total CO₂ emission in baseline is:

42611.88 ton-C/a +11006.76 ton-C/a + 4925.24ton-C/a

= 58543.88 ton-C/a = 214660.9 t-CO₂/a

2) Estimated emissions with the activity:

AIJ PROJECT (Calculation)

The technical and economic parameters, including energy efficiency and CO₂ emission rate for the AIJ project have been listed before. (obtained from the LFG, NKK and the project proposal – submitted by Anshan Metallurgical Design and Research Institute)

The CO₂ emission could be calculated based on three processes in the AIJ project, i.e. the Fe-Cr ore-palletizing and Ferro-alloy refinery process with palletized Fe-Cr ore, CO gas recovery and steam generation from recovered CO gas.

1.The CO₂ emission from the palletizing process and Ferro-alloy refinery process with palletized Fe ore

In this process, CO₂ emission is accrued from energy consumption of the electricity used in the electric furnace, from coke in its reaction with Fe-Cr ore and from additional electricity and CO consumption for palletizing process in the AIJ project. So the CO₂ emission E_F can be calculated by the following formula:

E_F = ? E_Fi = ? D_i×F1_i×F2_i = 36885.33 ton-C/a +986.28 ton-C/a + 4040.87 ton-C/a = 41912.48 ton-C/a ,

where i: electricity, coke, and pallet, respectively,

(1) CO₂ emission from electricity, E_Felec = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = electricity

D_elec= Annual consumption of electricity = production capacity × Unit electricity consumption

= 38300 ton-FeCr/a ×3384 kWh/ton-FeCr = 1.29607 × 10⁸kWh/a

F1_elec = the energy efficiency of electricity generation = 0.400kgce/kWh;

F2_elec = the emission factor of CO₂ = 0.726´ 0.98=0.711kg-C/kgce-coal;

E_Felec = 1.29607 *10⁸kWh/a ´ 0.400kgce/kWh ´ 0.711kg-C/kgce = 36885.33 ton-C/a

A) Project baseline scenario

B) Project activity scenario

C) Effect ( B-A )

D) Cumulative effect

(For each source one line)

(US dollars)

Subsidy for improving international energy use (Japanese national budget, which is sponsored by MITI). The funds are additional to Japanese GEF and current ODA budget.

4,663,000US$ (1999FY-2000FY)

Transfer of environmentally sound technologies and know-how

Transfer of energy efficient electric furnace equipment and pelletizing plant as well as their know-how technology for Ferroalloy refinery in the Liaoyang Ferroalloy Works Group

By installing pelletizing plant, CO gas recovery system, and furnace cover at Liaoyang Ferroalloy Works, this project demonstrates:

1. Reduction in electric power consumption
2. Reduction in coke consumption
3. Recovery of CO gas as fuel
4. Reduction in dust emission

Capacity Building

By implementing the project, following capacity building can be attained:

1. Project management
2. Operation of the pelletizing plant
3. Operation of CO gas recovery system

Suggestion: Personnel training

(1) The key staff member of the plant will be educated to enhance their public awareness on the CO₂ emission mitigation, climate change and AIJ pilot phase under UNFCCC.

(2) The professional training will be done for the technical engineers and workers who will be involved in the monitoring tasks.

The training course could be given three months in advance of the plant’s putting into operation.

Item

Project scale: Palletizing of Fe ore

Project scale: Fe-Cr Production

Waste gas recovered

Total investment cost

Discount rate

1. Heat supply in baseline: Steam from local CHP power plant

Energy efficiency of heat supply in baseline

• Energy efficiency of heat supply in AIJ

• Unit heat supply cost in baseline

• Steam demand in baseline

2. Electricity supply in baseline same as in AIJ

Energy efficiency of electricity supply

Electricity price

Electricity demand in baseline

Electricity demand in AIJ

3. Coke consumption in baseline

Coke consumption in AIJ

Coke price

Incremental cost per unit

CO₂ emission reduction

Annual CO₂ emission reduction by the AIJ project

Annual incremental expense for CO₂ emission reduction

Present value of Incremental expense on CO₂ emission reduction over AIJ project life time

Total CO₂ emission reduction over AIJ project life time (discounted)

Equivalent static incremental cost

per unit CO₂ reduction

Total CO₂ emission reduction over AIJ project life

time, physical amount, no discount

4. The total CO₂ emission in baseline is:

42611.88 ton-C/a +11006.76 ton-C/a + 4925.24ton-C/a

= 58543.88 ton-C/a = 214660.9 t-CO₂/a

AIJ PROJECT (Calculation)

The technical and economic parameters, including energy efficiency and CO₂ emission rate for the AIJ project have been listed before. (obtained from the LFG, NKK and the project proposal – submitted by Anshan Metallurgical Design and Research Institute)

The CO₂ emission could be calculated based on three processes in the AIJ project, i.e. the Fe-Cr ore-palletizing and Ferro-alloy refinery process with palletized Fe-Cr ore, CO gas recovery and steam generation from recovered CO gas.

1.The CO₂ emission from the palletizing process and Ferro-alloy refinery process with palletized Fe ore

In this process, CO₂ emission is accrued from energy consumption of the electricity used in the electric furnace, from coke in its reaction with Fe-Cr ore and from additional electricity and CO consumption for palletizing process in the AIJ project. So the CO₂ emission E_F can be calculated by the following formula:

E_F = ? E_Fi = ? D_i×F1_i×F2_i = 36885.33 +986.28 + 3796.28 (4040.87) ton-C/a = 41667.89 (41912.48) ton-C/a ,

where i: electricity, coke, and pallet, respectively,

(1) CO₂ emission from electricity, E_Felec = D_i×F1_i×F2_i , i = electricity

D_elec= Annual consumption of electricity = production capacity × Unit electricity consumption

= 38300 ton-FeCr/a ×3384 kWh/ton-FeCr = 1.29607 × 10⁸kWh/a

F1_elec = the energy efficiency of electricity generation = 0.400kgce/kWh;

F2_elec = the emission factor of CO₂ = 0.726´ 0.98=0.711kg-C/kgce-coal;

E_Felec = 1.29607 *10⁸kWh/a ´ 0.400kgce/kWh ´ 0.711kg-C/kgce = 36885.33 ton-C/a