Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization

Department:

International Cooperation Center

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

NEDO

Function within activity:

Governmental Organization of Japan side in charge of project evaluation, negotiation and approval as well as implementation of national AIJ program

Street:

1-1, 3-chome Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku

Post code:

170-6028

City:

Tokyo

Country:

Japan

Telephone:

81-3-3987-9313

Fax:

81-3-5992-2290

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

http://www.nedo.go.jp

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Kigasawa

First name, middle name:

Takaji

Job title:

Director

Direct tel.:

81-3-3987-9466

Direct fax:

81-3-3987-5103

Direct E-mail:

kigasawatkj@nedo.go.jp

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

Ebara Corporation

Department:

Environmental Plant Division

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

EBARA

Function within activity:

Entrusted by NEDO to execute Japanese scope of this AIJ project in cooperation with Chinese counterpart.

Street:

1-6-27, Kohnan, Minato-ku

Post code:

108-8480

City:

Tokyo

Country:

Japan

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Konuma

First name, middle name:

Hozumi

Job title:

Deputy General Manger

Direct tel.:

81-3-5461-6201

Direct fax:

81-3-5461-6082

Direct E-mail:

konuma@shi.ebara.co.jp

Item

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

The Ministry of Science and Technology, People’s Republic of China

Department:

Department of Social Development

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

MOST

Function within activity:

Governmental Authority of China side in charge of project evaluation, negotiation and approval as well as implementation of national AIJ program

Street:

15B Fuxing Road

Post code:

100862

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Lu

First name, middle name:

Xuedu

Job title:

Direct tel:

86 10 68514054

Direct fax:

86 10 68512163

Direct E-mail:

Lv Xuedu

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

The State Development Planning Commission

People’s Republic of China

Department:

Department of Raw and Processed Materials Industries and Resources Utilization

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

SDPC

Function within activity:

Governmental Authority of China side in charge of national development plan and national project evaluation and domestic approval for project financing and construction.

Street:

38 South Yuetan Street,

Post code:

100824

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

First name, middle name:

Job title:

Direct tel.:

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

Planning Committee of Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

PCHLJ

Function within activity:

Provincial Governmental Authority of Heilongjiang Province of China side in charge of provincial development plan and provincial project evaluation and domestic approval for project financing and construction.

Street:

202 Zongshan Road

Post code:

150001

City:

Harbin

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Zhang

First name, middle name:

Jian Ping

Job title:

Direct tel.:

86-451-2631676

Direct fax:

86-451-2628547

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

Planning Committee Harbin Municipal People’s Government

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

PCH

Function within activity:

Municipal governmental authority of Harbin in charge of the development plan and project evaluation and domestic approval for project financing and construction at the city level.

Street:

Daoli District

Post code:

150010

City:

Harbin

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Tian

First name, middle name:

Ru

Job title:

Director

Direct tel.:

86-461-4411-562

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

Harbin Municipal Waste Incineration Plant

Department:

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

HMWIP

Function within activity:

The owner and executive entity of the project.

Street:

No.1 NanKan St. Daowai District,

Post code:

150020

City:

Harbin

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

Fax:

E-mail:

WWW-URL:

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Lu

First name, middle name:

Ze Min

Job title:

Vice Bureau Chief

Direct tel.:

86-451-3645902, 86-451-8380158 (Li Guolin)

Direct fax:

Direct E-mail:

Item

Name of organization:

Name of organization (English):

Tsinghua University

Department:

Institute for Techno-Economics & Energy Systems Analysis / Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology

Acronym:

Acronym (English):

ITEESA/INET

Function within activity:

Entrusted by MOST to execute Chinese scope of this AIJ project in cooperation with Japanese counterpart. See A. 5) in detail.

Street:

Tsinghua Yuan Street, Haidian District

Post code:

100084

City:

Beijing

Country:

The People’s Republic of China

Telephone:

86-10-62772596 or 86-10-62772752

Fax:

86-10-6277-1150

E-mail:

Liuds@tsinghua.edu.cn

WWW-URL:

http://www.inet.tsinghua.edu.cn

Contact person (for this activity):

-------------------------------------

Surname:

Liu

First name, middle name:

Deshun

Job title:

Professor, Deputy Director, Global Climate Change Institute (GCCI), Tsinghua University

Direct tel.:

86-10-62772752

Direct fax:

86-10-62771150

Direct E-mail:

Liuds@tsinghua.edu.cn

General description :

The objective of the Project is to contribute to the utilization of waste energy and consequently to protect the local environment in Harbin, P. R. China as well as the reduction of CH₄ emission, by installing a municipal waste incineration and heat recovery facility for heating utilization in Harbin textile printing & dyeing Mill and disseminating the technology in P. R. China.

Type of project :

Waste disposal

Location (exact, e.g. city, region,

State):

Harbin Municipal Waste Incineration Plant, No.1 NanKan St. Daowai District, Harbin, 150020,

The People’s Republic of China

Activity starting date:

September, 2002, when AIJ project put into operation

Expected activity ending date:

September, 2022, when operation lifetime is due.

Stage of activity:

Under construction

Lifetime of activity if different from ending date:

20 years, (* Suppose static baseline, so the lifetime of AIJ activity is set as project operation lifetime)

Technical data:

Annual amount of municipal waste for incineration in the project: 57,646 t/a

The steam supply capacity of the project: 16.0~19.5t/h

The pressure of steam: 23kg/cm²

The temperature of steam: 270 ° C

Cost of the project in US1000$^a)

492

2,033

8,283

4,450

142

15,400

Cost of AIJ component in US1000$^b)

231

1000

5763

2680

9,674

6,894

16,568

US$ per avoided ton of CO₂ equivalent ^c) (T- CO₂)

45.59 ^d) or (31.14) ^e)

(Including running cost)

Basic Agreement concerning the execution of this project was concluded between NEDO and SDPC and PCHLJ on September 3, 1998.

NEDO entrusted EBARA to execute this project on Japanese side on December 4, 1998.

EBARA and PCH concluded the Execution Document (ED) that described the concrete specification of this project on March 12, 1999 and started the design and engineering work.

As determined in ED, HMWIP shall have responsibility to record and provide technical and economic data. These data will be necessary for calculation of the GHG emission level both for baseline and the AIJ project and for the emission reduction cost, as well as for the subsequent reporting period.

HMWIP and EBARA shall submit the report on the data listed as above to MOST and NEDO before and after completion of the test run for review.

Based on the data available, ITEESA, Tsinghua University shall make feasibility study on the eligibility of the AIJ project and on assessment of the environmental benefits relating to the GHG emission reduction, as well as on the methodological issues in close co-operation with HMWIP and EBARAs’experts, with a view of preparing study report and draft report in uniform reporting format, to be submitted to both governments.

MOST and NEDO signed the "Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in The Model Project for Utilization of Waste Heat from Incineration of Refuse in Harbin of China as an AIJ Project under the Pilot Phase" on September 25, 1998.

The Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (MITI) approved this project as Activity Implemented Jointly - Japan Program on June 17, 1998.

The Japanese government confirmed this project as Activity Implemented Jointly (AIJ) under pilot phase on June 23,1999.

MOST authorized by Chinese government, confirmed this project as Activity Implemented Jointly (AIJ) under pilot phase on July 9,1999.

• Yes, forward copy of agreement/endorsement by the designated national authorities involved

  No, this is a separate report. The reports are submitted separately by the designated

national authority of each and every participating party.

Describe (to the extent possible) how the activity is compatible with and supportive of national economic development and socio-economic and environment priorities and strategies

As energy supply and demand issues and protection of the global environment have become the focus of worldwide interest, NEDO is promoting energy conservation model projects in Asian countries including China to contribute to the effective use of energy and improvement of environment.

In China, strong national policies, laws and regulations for energy conservation and environmental protection have come into effect. The urban waste disposal and its compre-hensive utilization have been listed as one of the focused issues for environment protection and social development in urban planning in China.

As an AIJ pilot project between Japan and China, this project will contribute to efficient use of energy and consequent protection of the local environment in China as well as CH₄ and CO₂ emission mitigation by adopting advanced technology and equipment provided by Japan in the Harbin Municipal Waste Incineration Plant. Therefore the AIJ activity is compatible with and supportive of national socio-economic environment priorities and strategies.

Describe environmental benefits in detail:

CH₄ emission generated from the municipal waste that would have been disposed in the landfill, otherwise, will be reduced.

Emissions of pollutants, such as SO_x, NO_x, soot and smoke that would have accrued from coal fired steam boiler, otherwise, will be avoided, due to the related coal fuel consumption for the steam supply will be replaced by those generated from the municipal waste incinera-tion.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of environmental benefits?

Yes. Total annual GHG emission reduced is estimated as 42,959.8 (62,895.8) ton -CO₂ equivalent in which CH₄ emission reduction is 2,164.5 ton - CH₄ annually, CO₂ emission reduction is –2,494.6 (17,441.1) ton -CO₂ annually.

Describe social/cultural benefits in detail:

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of social benefits?

No.

Describe economic benefits in detail:

Cost of coal consumption for steam generation will be reduced. Cost of urban waste landfill facilities will be reduced.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of economic benefits?

Yes.

Description of the baseline or reference scenario, including methodologies applied:

System Boundary:

This AIJ project is a waste disposal project. So the baseline case is the municipal waste landfill in Harbin city in absence of the AIJ project. According to the project specific baseline approach, the system boundary design for the AIJ project will be illustrated as in the Figure 1.

The direct emission levels from major process activities both in baseline case and the AIJ project are covered within the system boundary.

AIJ project and its baseline case

*: Due to limited capacity of the FBC incineration boiler which can not replace the whole existing industrial boiler, but part of its capacity as shown in the system boundary diagram. While the remaining capacity of the existing boiler is still in operation both in baseline and AIJ project cases, and therefore is not shown in the diagram.

(Baseline)

The baseline of the AIJ project could be defined as below.

1. The municipal waste in Harbin city is not incinerated, but collected and put into landfill where large amount of methane (CH₄) emission are accrued.

2. Meanwhile at the existing Harbin Textile Printing and Dyeing Works, where the Municipal Waste Incineration Plant will be located, the steam for heating and part of electricity demanded are generated by the existing coal fired CHP boiler in the plant which accrues CO₂ emission.

3. The CO₂ emission from the biomass in the municipal waste landfill is not taken into account, based on the IPCC methodology by which CO₂ emission from biomass is recyclable and is regarded as zero emission. See Box 1 in detail.

In the AIJ project case, the Municipal Waste Incineration Plant will be built to recover the heat from the municipal waste incineration, and the recovered heat will replace part of process heat generated from the existing boiler. In this way, CH₄ emission that would have accrued from the landfill, could be avoided and also CO₂ emission that would have accrued from the existing coal fired boiler, could be reduced.

(Calculation)

1. The amount of CH₄ emission from the municipal waste landfill E_BCH4

E_BCH4 = G ×f1 × f2 × f3 × 16/12 = 2,164.5 t-CH₄/a, where

G =Amount of municipal waste to be incinerated by the AIJ project annually: 57,646 t-waste/a

f1 = the content of organic carbon in the municipal waste: 0.1788

f2 = ratio on gasification of organic carbon in landfill : 0.63

f3 = fraction of C as CH₄ to C as bio-gas : 0.25

2. CO₂ emission from the existing boilers (E_BCO2)

E _BCO2 = W_B1 × C₁ × Bf₁ × 44/12 = 95,642.8 t-CO₂/a, where

W_B1= coal consumption in the existing boilers , which is estimated as average coal consumption of the boiler over the latest three years :

W_B1= (69,000 t/a + 61,000 t/a + 58,000 t/a) / 3 = 62,666.7 t/a

C₁ = the carbon content of the local coal (from Hegang coal mine) : 48.4 %

Bf₁= the burning efficiency of the existing boiler : 86 %

(Results)

By the calculation above, CH₄ and CO₂ emissions in baseline case are:

(1) CH₄ emission

E_BCH4 = 2,164.5 t-CH₄/a

(2) CO₂ emission

E _BCO2 = 95,642.8 t-CO₂/a

2) Estimated emissions with the activity(AIJ Project Case):

Description of the scenario, including methodologies applied:

(Concept)

Although IPCC Guideline suggests that CO₂ emission caused by combusting biomass raw material should not be considered into net man-made CO₂ emission, both Japanese and Chinese experts participating in the AIJ project agreed to keep two kinds of calculations at same time. One kind of calculations is made by following the IPCC guideline, and the CO₂ emitted from the incineration of MSW is not taken into the net GHGs emission accrued from AIJ project.

The second kind is made according to the actual GHGs emission in the baseline and AIJ project, which is not following the IPCC guideline. The carbon balance is shown in Figure 2. The DOC(Degradable Organic Carbon) in the MSW can be divided into three parts, one part is not degraded in landfill, the second part is degraded and converted into CH₄ emission and the third part is also degraded and converted into CO₂ emission. When the AIJ project is implemented, all DOC is incinerated and converted into CO₂ emission. Chinese side experts think it is more reasonable to estimate the emission according to the second kind methodology.

Seven parts GHG emission from AIJ project are included:

1. CH₄ emission from the municipal waste in the landfill will be avoided by incinerating the municipal waste in the FBC boiler.
2. CO₂ emission from the existing coal fired boilers: The CO₂ emission from existing coal fired boilers in the textile printing & dyeing works will be reduced, due to some coal substitution by municipal waste incineration for process heat.
3. CO₂ emission from additional electricity consumption necessary for operation of the municipal waste incineration: In the operation of the municipal waste incineration process additional electricity are demanded from power grid, that will make the net CO₂ emission reduction smaller.
4. CO₂ emission from by incinerating man-made sources (plastics and chemical fabrics) in the municipal waste: during the waste incineration, some man-made origins, such as plastics and chemical fabrics, will also bring about CO₂ emission that will make the net CO₂ emission reduction smaller again.
5. CO₂ emission by combusting coal as auxiliary fuel at the municipal waste incineration plant in Summer season: Coal as auxiliary fuel will still be used during the Summer season, when the calorific value contained in the waste for incineration is not high enough to provide sufficient heat. Thus also lead to the net CO₂ emission reduction smaller.
6. CO₂ emission from incinerating DOC(in the municipal waste) that is not degraded and being kept in landfill for the long term in the baseline case:
7. CO₂ emission from incinerating DOC(in the municipal waste) that originally forms CH₄ in the landfill in the baseline case.

(Calculation)

1.The amount of CH₄ emission from the municipal waste landfill (E_ACH4)

E _ACH4 = 0 t- CH₄/a

2.CO₂ emission from the existing coal fired boilers (E_Abolr)

E_Abolr = W_A1× C₁ × Bf₁ × 44/12 = 63,497.6 t-CO₂/a, where

W_A1 = coal consumption by the existing boilers in the AIJ project case.

W_A1 = W_B1 - H₁ × 10³/Q₁ = 62,666.7 - 72.98 × 10³/3.465 = 41,604.7 t/a, where

H₁ = Heat quantity of those amount of steam that will be generated from the municipal waste incineration in the FBC boiler of the AIJ project: 72.98 Tcal/a

Q₁ = Heat quantity of steam generated by combusting per ton of coal in the existing boilers;

Q₁ = Q₂ × h = 3.465 Gcal-steam/t

Q₂ = Calorific value of the local coal (from Hegang coal mine): 4.62 Gcal/t

h = Conversion efficiency of the existing boilers: 75 %

C₁ = the carbon content of the local coal: 48.4 %

Bf₁= the burning efficiency of the existing boiler : 86 %

3. Amount of CO₂ emission from additional electricity consumption necessary for operation of the municipal waste incineration (E_Aelec)

E_Aelec = Elec× 24 h/d × D × Q₃ = 5,220 t-CO₂/a, where

Elec = Electric power demand in the municipal waste incineration plant: 623kW

D = Annual working days of the municipal waste incineration plant: 320 d/a

Q₃ = CO₂ emission by unit kWh electricity generation from the local power grid.

Q₃ = W₂ × C_coal × 44/12 = 1.091 × 10^-3 t-CO₂/kwh

W₂ = Coal consumption per kWh electricity generation: 410 gce/kWh

C_coal = Carbon emission factor per ton of coal equivalent: 0.726 t-C/tce

4. CO₂ emission from by incinerating man-made sources (plastics and chemical fabrics) in the municipal waste (E_Aplf)

E_Aplf = C_plf × 44/12 = 5,027 t-CO₂/a , where

C_plf = Annual amount of carbon content of plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste for incineration.

C_plf = C_plf1 + C_plf2 + C_plf3 + _Cplf4 = 1,371 t-C/a

The carbon content of these plastics and chemical fabrics varies along with seasons.

(1) For the first season (Winter)

C_plf1 = Amount of carbon content of plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the first season (from Jan. to March)

C_plf1= G₁ × D₁ × (1-w ₁) × PFc₁ = 285.6 t-C, where

G₁ = Daily amount of the municipal waste in the first season: 150 t-wet/d

D₁ = Working days of the municipal waste incineration in the first season: 75 days

w ₁ = water content in the municipal waste in the first season: 33.89 %

PFc₁= Carbon content in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the first season: 3.84 %-dry-waste

(2) For the second season (Spring):

C_plf2 = Amount of carbon in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the second season (from April to June)

C_plf2 = G₂ × D₂ × (1-w ₂) × PFc₂ = 468.9 t-C

G₂ = Daily amount of municipal waste in the second season: 200t-wet/d

D₂ = Working days of the municipal waste incineration in the second season: 91 days

w ₂ = Water content in municipal waste in the second season: 56.26%

PFc₂= Carbon content in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the second season: 5.89 %-dry-waste

(3) For the third season (Summer):

C_plf3 = Amount of carbon in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the third season (from July to Sept.)

C_plf3 = G₃ × D₃ × (1-w ₃) × PFc₃ = 78.8 t-C

G₃ = Daily amount of municipal waste in the third season: 158t-wet/d

D₃ = Working days of the municipal waste incineration in the third season: 62 days

w ₃ = Water content in municipal waste in the third season: 70.96 %

PFc₃= Carbon content in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the third season: 2.77 % -dry-waste

(4) For the fourth season (Autumn)

C_plf4 = Amount of carbon in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the third season (from Oct. to Dec.)

C_plf4 = G₄ × D₄ × (1-w ₄) × PFc₄ = 537.7 t-C

G₄ = Daily amount of municipal waste in the fourth season: 200t-wet/d

D₄ = Working days of the municipal waste incineration in the fourth period: 92 days

w ₄ = Water content in municipal waste in the fourth season: 54.83 %

PFc₄ = Carbon content in plastics and chemical fabrics contained in the municipal waste in the fourth season: 6.47 % -dry-waste

5. CO₂ emission by combusting coal as auxiliary fuel at the municipal waste incineration plant in Summer season (E_Aaux)

E_Aaux = W₃ × C₁ × Bf₂ × 44/12 = 4,457.0 t-CO₂/a

W₃ = Coal consumption as auxiliary fuel at the municipal waste incineration plant

W₃ = Q₄ × 10³/Q₂ = 2,536.8 t/a

Q₄ = Heat quantity required to be supplied by auxiliary coal fuel : 11.72 Tcal/a

Q₂ = Calorific value of the local coal: 4.62 Gcal/t

C₁ = the carbon content of the local coal (from Hegang coal mine): 48.4 %

Bf₂ = the burning efficiency of the FBC waste incineration boiler: 99 %

Calculations as mentioned above are based on the IPCC Methodology Guideline by which CO₂ emission from biomass related municipal waste incineration should not be considered as anthropogenic CO₂ emission. As written in the first part of this section, Japanese and Chinese experts agreed to consider CO₂ emission from not-degradable biomass and from CH₄ related degradable biomass in the municipal waste incineration as shown below:

6. CO₂ emission from DOC of not being degraded in the municipal waste when is incinerated (E_Anotdeg)

E_Anotdeg = G ×f1 × (1-f2) × 44/12 = 13,983.3 t-CO₂/a , where

G = Annual amount of the municipal waste to be incinerated in the AIJ project): 57,646 t-waste/a

f1 = the content of organic carbon in waste : 0.1788

f2 = ratio on gasification of organic carbon in landfill : 0.63

7. CO₂ emission from those parts of biomass related municipal waste incineration that their carbon content that originally form CH₄ in the landfill in the baseline case:

E_Awast = E_BCH4 ×12/16= 2,164.5 ×12/16 t-C/a = 1623.375 t-C/a = 1623.375 ×44/12

= 5952.4 t-CO₂/a

8. CH₄ and CO₂ emissions in the AIJ project

(1) CH₄ emission (E_ACH4)

E _ACH4 = 0 t-CH₄/a

(2) CO₂ emission (E_AIJCO2)

E_AIJCO2= E _Abolr + E_Awast E _Aelec + E_Aplf + E_Aaux + E_Anotdeg = 98,137.3 t-CO₂/a

( = 78,201.7)

9. Total and CO₂ emissions reduction against the baseline

To indicate the extent to which the CH₄ emissions contribute to total radioactive forcing, we calculated its CO₂-equivalent emissions in the baseline case by using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) values for a time horizon of 100 years taken, where reported, from the most recent IPCC assessment report (IPCC, 1996a). For CH₄ the GWP =21.

(1) CH₄ emission reduction (R_CH4)

R_CH4 = E_BCH4 - E_ACH4 = 2,164.5 - 0 = 2,164.5 t-CH₄/a

R_CH4 (in CO₂ equivalent) =2,164.5 × GWP = 45,454.5 ton-CO₂

(2) CO₂ emissions reduction (R_CO2)

R_CO2 = E_BCO2 – E_AIJCO2 = 95,642.8 - 98,137.3 = - 2,494.6 t-CO₂/a

(78,201.6) (17,441.1)

(Results)

Total reduced amount of CO₂ emission:

in which : Reduced amount of CH₄ emission :

Reduced amount of CO₂ emission :

42,959.8 ton of CO₂ equivalent

(62,895.8) annually

2,164.5 ton of CH₄ annually

-2,494.6 ton of CO₂ annually

(17,441.1)

A) Project baseline scenario

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

B) Project activity scenario

(78.20)

0.54

0

0

C) Effect ( B-A )

-2.49

1.62

2.16

2.16

D) Cumulative effect

1.62

3.78

18.90

(For each source one line)

(US dollars)

Subsidy for improving international energy use (Japanese national budget which is undertaken by MITI )

14.9 million US$ (1999FY-2002FY)

Own Capital (prepared by Chinese side)

Transfer of Municipal Waste Incine-ration Technology

The municipal waste incineration plant consists of fluidized bed type incinerator, waste heat boiler, combustion gas treatment facility and so on. Steam is recovered from waste heat generated in incinerating municipal waste.

The project demonstrates that recovered steam can replace steam generated from combustion of coal.

Capacity Building

By implementing the project, following capacity building can be attained:

1. AIJ Project management
2. Operation of the municipal waste incineration plant

3. Operation of the municipal waste collecting and transport system

Describe environmental nega-tive impacts/effects in detail :

No.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of environmental negative impacts/effects?

No.

Describe social/cultural negative impacts/effects in detail :

No.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of social negative impacts/effects?

No.

Describe economic negative impacts/effects in detail :

No.

Do quantitative data exist for evaluation of economic negative impacts/effects?

No.

Suggestion on monitoring, verification and reporting of CO₂ emission reduction in the project operation.

5.1. CO₂ monitoring tasks

The overall task of the monitoring is to make the carbon balance monitoring within the entire system boundary of the project, in order to determining the real CO₂ emission level and the corresponding CO₂ emission reduction. So it can be done by the following monitoring tasks.

5.1.1. Energy balance monitoring

All energy consumed, including coal, electricity, steam, waste gas, for all process, including the municipal waste incineration, heat supply and electric supply, will be measured regularly, and the measuring data will be acquired and recorded during the project operation.

5.1.2. CO₂ emission monitoring

Based on the energy efficiency and technical data available for those processes, the CO₂ emission balance could be calculated or measured.

5.2 Baseline determination

Similarly, the CH₄ and CO₂ emission balance for the baseline case, i.e. in the municipal waste landfill case, should be measured or compared. In case some data are not available, some additional on-site surveys are required.

5.3 Personnel training

(1) The key staff member of the plant will be educated to enhance their public awareness on the CO₂ emission mitigation, climate change and AIJ pilot phase under UNFCCC.

(2) The professional training will be done for the technical engineers and workers who will be involved in the monitoring tasks.

The training course could be given three months in advance of the plant’s commission.