This document synthesizes the information contained in 170 case studies contributed by Parties and partner organizations of the Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change on: (1) available and implemented tools and methods for adaptation planning processes addressing ecosystems, human settlements, water resources and health; (2) good practices and lessons learned in relation to adaptation planning processes, including monitoring and evaluation, for the four thematic areas addressed; and (3) good practices and lessons learned in relation to processes and structures for linking national and local adaptation planning. In addition, the document identifies possible next steps to be taken in the light of the challenges and gaps that emerged from the case studies