GENERAL

FCCC/CP/1997/7/Add.1

18 March 1998

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I. DECISIONS ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

Decision

1/CP.3 Adoption of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change 4

2/CP.3 Methodological issues related to the Kyoto Protocol 31

3/CP.3 Implementation of Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention 32

4/CP.3 Amendments to the list in Annex I to the Convention under

Article 4.2(f) of the Convention 33

GE.98-

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5/CP.3 Date and venue of the fourth session of the Conference of

the Parties 34

6/CP.3 Communications from Parties included in Annex I to the Convention 35

7/CP.3 Co-operation with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 37

8/CP.3 Development of observational networks of the climate system 38

9/CP.3 Development and transfer of technologies 39

10/CP.3 Activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase 41

11/CP.3 Review of the financial mechanism 42

12/CP.3 Annex to the Memorandum of Understanding on the determination

of funding necessary and available for the implementation of the

Convention 43

13/CP.3 Division of labour between the Subsidiary Body for Implementation

and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice 44

14/CP.3 Future work of the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 48

15/CP.3 Programme budget for the biennium 1998-1999 49

16/CP.3 Financial performance of the Convention in the biennium 55

1996-1997

17/CP.3 Arrangements for administrative support to the Convention

secretariat 56

18/CP.3 Volume of documentation 57

II. RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

Resolution

1/CP.3 Expression of gratitude to the Government and people of Japan 58

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III. OTHER ACTION TAKEN BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

1. Second review of the adequacy of Article 4.2(a) and (b) of the Convention 59

2. Request by Turkey to be deleted from the lists in Annexes I and II to the

Convention 59

3. Proposal by Brazil in document FCCC/AGBM/1997/MISC.1/Add.3 59

4. Calendar of meetings of Convention bodies 1998-1999 59

Annex Table: Total carbon dioxide emissions of Annex I Parties in 1990,

for the purposes of Article 25 of the Kyoto Protocol 60

The Conference of the Parties,

Having reviewed Article 4, paragraph 2(a) and (b), of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change at its first session and having concluded that these subparagraphs are not adequate,

Recalling its decision 1/CP.1 entitled "The Berlin Mandate: Review of the adequacy of Article 4, paragraph 2(a) and (b), of the Convention, including proposals related to a protocol and decisions on follow-up", by which it agreed to begin a process to enable it to take appropriate action for the period beyond 2000 through the adoption of a protocol or another legal instrument at its third session,

Recalling further that one aim of the process was to strengthen the commitments in Article 4, paragraph 2(a) and (b) of the Convention, for developed country/other Parties included in Annex I, both to elaborate policies and measures, and to set quantified limitation and reduction objectives within specified time-frames, such as 2005, 2010 and 2020, for their anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol,

Recalling also that, according to the Berlin Mandate, the process will not introduce any new commitments for Parties not included in Annex I, but reaffirm existing commitments in Article 4, paragraph 1, and continue to advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7,

Noting the reports of the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate on its eight sessions,⁽¹⁾

Having considered with appreciation the report presented by the Chairman of the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate,

Taking note with appreciation of the report of the Chairman of the Committee of the Whole on the outcome of the work of the Committee,

Recognizing the need to prepare for the early entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Aware of the desirability of the timely commencement of work to pave the way for a successful outcome of the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties, to be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina,

1. Decides to adopt the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, annexed hereto;

2. Requests the Secretary-General of the United Nations to be the Depositary of this Protocol and to open it for signature in New York from 16 March 1998 until 15 March 1999;

3. Invites all Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to sign the Protocol on 16 March 1998 or at the earliest opportunity thereafter, and to deposit instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval, or instruments of accession where appropriate, as soon as possible;

4. Further invites States that are not parties to the Convention to ratify or accede to it, as appropriate, without delay, so that they may become Parties to the Protocol;

5. Requests the Chairman of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Chairman of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, taking into account the approved programme budget for the biennium 1998-1999 and the related programme of work of the secretariat,⁽²⁾ to give guidance to the secretariat on the preparatory work needed for consideration by the Conference of the Parties, at its fourth session, of the following matters, and to allocate work thereon to the respective subsidiary bodies as appropriate:

(a) Determination of modalities, rules and guidelines as to how, and which, additional human-induced activities related to changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in the agricultural soils and the land-use change and forestry categories shall be added to, or subtracted from, the assigned amounts for Parties to the Protocol included in Annex I to the Convention, as provided for under Article 3, paragraph 4, of the Protocol;

(b) Definition of relevant principles, modalities, rules and guidelines, in particular for verification, reporting and accountability of emissions trading, pursuant to Article 17 of the Protocol;

(c) Elaboration of guidelines for any Party to the Protocol included in Annex I to the Convention to transfer to, or acquire from, any other such Party emission reduction units resulting from projects aimed at reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources or enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in any sector of the economy, as provided for under Article 6 of the Protocol;

(d) Consideration of and, as appropriate, action on suitable methodologies to address the situation of Parties listed in Annex B to the Protocol for which single projects would have a significant proportional impact on emissions in the commitment period;

(e) Analysis of the implications of Article 12, paragraph 10, of the Protocol;

6. Invites the Chairman of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Chairman of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to make a joint proposal to those bodies, at their eighth sessions, on the allocation to them of preparatory work to enable the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Protocol, at its first session after the entry into force of the Protocol, to accomplish the tasks assigned to it by the Protocol.

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE

The Parties to this Protocol,

Being Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, hereinafter referred to as "the Convention",

In pursuit of the ultimate objective of the Convention as stated in its Article 2,

Recalling the provisions of the Convention,

Being guided by Article 3 of the Convention,

Pursuant to the Berlin Mandate adopted by decision 1/CP.1 of the

Conference of the Parties to the Convention at its first session,

Have agreed as follows:

For the purposes of this Protocol, the definitions contained in Article 1 of the Convention shall apply. In addition:

1. "Conference of the Parties" means the Conference of the Parties to the Convention.

2. "Convention" means the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted in New York on 9 May 1992.

3. "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" means the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change established in 1988 jointly by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme.

4. "Montreal Protocol" means the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, adopted in Montreal on 16 September 1987 and as subsequently adjusted and amended.

5. "Parties present and voting" means Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote.

6. "Party" means, unless the context otherwise indicates, a Party to this Protocol.

7. "Party included in Annex I" means a Party included in Annex I to the Convention, as may be amended, or a Party which has made a notification under Article 4, paragraph 2(g), of the Convention.

1. Each Party included in Annex I, in achieving its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, in order to promote sustainable development, shall:

(a) Implement and/or further elaborate policies and measures in accordance with its national circumstances, such as:

(i) Enhancement of energy efficiency in relevant sectors of the national economy;

(ii) Protection and enhancement of sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, taking into account its commitments under relevant international environmental agreements; promotion of sustainable forest management practices, afforestation and reforestation;

(iii) Promotion of sustainable forms of agriculture in light of climate change considerations;

(iv) Research on, and promotion, development and increased use of, new and renewable forms of energy, of carbon dioxide sequestration technologies and of advanced and innovative environmentally sound technologies;

(v) Progressive reduction or phasing out of market imperfections, fiscal incentives, tax and duty exemptions and subsidies in all greenhouse gas emitting sectors that run counter to the objective of the Convention and application of market instruments;

(vi) Encouragement of appropriate reforms in relevant sectors aimed at promoting policies and measures which limit or reduce emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol;

(vii) Measures to limit and/or reduce emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol in the transport sector;

(viii) Limitation and/or reduction of methane emissions through recovery and use in waste management, as well as in the production, transport and distribution of energy;

(b) Cooperate with other such Parties to enhance the individual and combined effectiveness of their policies and measures adopted under this Article, pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 2(e)(i), of the Convention. To this end, these Parties shall take steps to share their experience and exchange information on such policies and measures, including developing ways of improving their comparability, transparency and effectiveness. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, consider ways to facilitate such cooperation, taking into account all relevant information.

2. The Parties included in Annex I shall pursue limitation or reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol from aviation and marine bunker fuels, working through the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization, respectively.

3. The Parties included in Annex I shall strive to implement policies and measures under this Article in such a way as to minimize adverse effects, including the adverse effects of climate change, effects on international trade, and social, environmental and economic impacts on other Parties, especially developing country Parties and in particular those identified in Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention, taking into account Article 3 of the Convention. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol may take further action, as appropriate, to promote the implementation of the provisions of this paragraph.

4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, if it decides that it would be beneficial to coordinate any of the policies and measures in

paragraph 1(a) above, taking into account different national circumstances and potential effects, shall consider ways and means to elaborate the coordination of such policies and measures.

1. The Parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of this Article, with a view to reducing their overall emissions of such gases by at least 5 per cent below 1990 levels in the commitment period 2008 to 2012.

2. Each Party included in Annex I shall, by 2005, have made demonstrable progress in achieving its commitments under this Protocol.

3. The net changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from direct human-induced land-use change and forestry activities, limited to afforestation, reforestation and deforestation since 1990, measured as verifiable changes in carbon stocks in each commitment period, shall be used to meet the commitments under this Article of each Party included in Annex I. The greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks associated with those activities shall be reported in a transparent and verifiable manner and reviewed in accordance with Articles 7 and 8.

4. Prior to the first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, each Party included in Annex I shall provide, for consideration by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, data to establish its level of carbon stocks in 1990 and to enable an estimate to be made of its changes in carbon stocks in subsequent years. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, decide upon modalities, rules and guidelines as to how, and which, additional human-induced activities related to changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in the agricultural soils and the land-use change and forestry categories shall be added to, or subtracted from, the assigned amounts for Parties included in Annex I, taking into account uncertainties, transparency in reporting, verifiability, the methodological work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice in accordance with Article 5 and the decisions of the Conference of the Parties. Such a decision shall apply in the second and subsequent commitment periods. A Party may choose to apply such a decision on these additional human-induced activities for its first commitment period, provided that these activities have taken place since 1990.

5. The Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy whose base year or period was established pursuant to decision 9/CP.2 of the Conference of the Parties at its second session shall use that base year or period for the implementation of their commitments under this Article. Any other Party included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy which has not yet submitted its first national communication under Article 12 of the Convention may also notify the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol that it intends to use an historical base year or period other than 1990 for the implementation of its commitments under this Article. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall decide on the acceptance of such notification.

6. Taking into account Article 4, paragraph 6, of the Convention, in the implementation of their commitments under this Protocol other than those under this Article, a certain degree of flexibility shall be allowed by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol to the Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy.

7. In the first quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment period, from

2008 to 2012, the assigned amount for each Party included in Annex I shall be equal to the percentage inscribed for it in Annex B of its aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A in 1990, or the base year or period determined in accordance with paragraph 5 above, multiplied by five. Those Parties included in Annex I for whom land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 shall include in their 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by sources minus removals by sinks in 1990 from land-use change for the purposes of calculating their assigned amount.

8. Any Party included in Annex I may use 1995 as its base year for hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in paragraph 7 above.

9. Commitments for subsequent periods for Parties included in Annex I shall be established in amendments to Annex B to this Protocol, which shall be adopted in accordance with the provisions of Article 21, paragraph 7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall initiate the consideration of such commitments at least seven years before the end of the first commitment period referred to in paragraph 1 above.

10. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party.

11. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party transfers to another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be subtracted from the assigned amount for the transferring Party.

12. Any certified emission reductions which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 12 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party.

13. If the emissions of a Party included in Annex I in a commitment period are less than its assigned amount under this Article, this difference shall, on request of that Party, be added to the assigned amount for that Party for subsequent commitment periods.

14. Each Party included in Annex I shall strive to implement the commitments mentioned in paragraph 1 above in such a way as to minimize adverse social, environmental and economic impacts on developing country Parties, particularly those identified in Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention. In line with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties on the implementation of those paragraphs, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, consider what actions are necessary to minimize the adverse effects of climate change and/or the impacts of response measures on Parties referred to in those paragraphs. Among the issues to be considered shall be the establishment of funding, insurance and transfer of technology.

1. Any Parties included in Annex I that have reached an agreement to fulfil their commitments under Article 3 jointly, shall be deemed to have met those commitments provided that their total combined aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of Article 3. The respective emission level allocated to each of the Parties to the agreement shall be set out in that agreement.

2. The Parties to any such agreement shall notify the secretariat of the terms of the

agreement on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of this Protocol, or accession thereto. The secretariat shall in turn inform the Parties and signatories to the Convention of the terms of the agreement.

3. Any such agreement shall remain in operation for the duration of the commitment period specified in Article 3, paragraph 7.

4. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional

economic integration organization, any alteration in the composition of the organization after adoption of this Protocol shall not affect existing commitments under this Protocol. Any alteration in the composition of the organization shall only apply for the purposes of those commitments under Article 3 that are adopted subsequent to that alteration.

5. In the event of failure by the Parties to such an agreement to achieve their total

combined level of emission reductions, each Party to that agreement shall be responsible for its own level of emissions set out in the agreement.

6. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional

economic integration organization which is itself a Party to this Protocol, each member State of that regional economic integration organization individually, and together with the regional economic integration organization acting in accordance with Article 24, shall, in the event of failure to achieve the total combined level of emission reductions, be responsible for its level of emissions as notified in accordance with this Article.

1. Each Party included in Annex I shall have in place, no later than one year prior to the start of the first commitment period, a national system for the estimation of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol. Guidelines for such national systems, which shall incorporate the methodologies specified in paragraph 2 below, shall be decided upon by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol at its first session.

2. Methodologies for estimating anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol shall be those accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties at its third session. Where such methodologies are not used, appropriate adjustments shall be applied according to methodologies agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol at its first session. Based on the work of, inter alia, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall regularly review and, as appropriate, revise such methodologies and adjustments, taking fully into account any relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties. Any revision to methodologies or adjustments shall be used only for the purposes of ascertaining compliance with commitments under Article 3 in respect of any commitment period adopted subsequent to that revision.

3. The global warming potentials used to calculate the carbon dioxide equivalence of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases listed in Annex A shall be those accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties at its third session. Based on the work of, inter alia, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall regularly review and, as appropriate, revise the global warming potential of each such greenhouse gas, taking fully into account any relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties. Any revision to a global warming potential shall apply only to commitments under Article 3 in respect of any commitment period adopted subsequent to that revision.

1. For the purpose of meeting its commitments under Article 3, any Party included in

Annex I may transfer to, or acquire from, any other such Party emission reduction units resulting from projects aimed at reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources or enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in any sector of the economy, provided that:

(a) Any such project has the approval of the Parties involved;

(b) Any such project provides a reduction in emissions by sources, or an enhancement of removals by sinks, that is additional to any that would otherwise occur;

(c) It does not acquire any emission reduction units if it is not in compliance with its obligations under Articles 5 and 7; and

(d) The acquisition of emission reduction units shall be supplemental to domestic actions for the purposes of meeting commitments under Article 3.

2. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol may, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, further elaborate guidelines for the implementation of this Article, including for verification and reporting.

3. A Party included in Annex I may authorize legal entities to participate, under its responsibility, in actions leading to the generation, transfer or acquisition under this Article of emission reduction units.

4. If a question of implementation by a Party included in Annex I of the requirements referred to in this Article is identified in accordance with the relevant provisions of

Article 8, transfers and acquisitions of emission reduction units may continue to be made after the question has been identified, provided that any such units may not be used by a Party to meet its commitments under Article 3 until any issue of compliance is resolved.

1. Each Party included in Annex I shall incorporate in its annual inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, submitted in accordance with the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties, the necessary supplementary information for the purposes of ensuring compliance with Article 3, to be determined in accordance with paragraph 4 below.

2. Each Party included in Annex I shall incorporate in its national communication, submitted under Article 12 of the Convention, the supplementary information necessary to demonstrate compliance with its commitments under this Protocol, to be determined in accordance with paragraph 4 below.

3. Each Party included in Annex I shall submit the information required under

paragraph 1 above annually, beginning with the first inventory due under the Convention for the first year of the commitment period after this Protocol has entered into force for that Party. Each such Party shall submit the information required under paragraph 2 above as part of the first national communication due under the Convention after this Protocol has entered into force for it and after the adoption of guidelines as provided for in paragraph 4 below. The frequency of subsequent submission of information required under this Article shall be determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, taking into account any timetable for the submission of national communications decided upon by the Conference of the Parties.

4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall adopt at its first session, and review periodically thereafter, guidelines for the preparation of the information required under this Article, taking into account guidelines for the preparation of national communications by Parties included in Annex I adopted by the Conference of the Parties. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall also, prior to the first commitment period, decide upon modalities for the accounting of assigned amounts.

1. The information submitted under Article 7 by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed by expert review teams pursuant to the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties and in accordance with guidelines adopted for this purpose by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol under paragraph 4 below. The information submitted under Article 7, paragraph 1, by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed as part of the annual compilation and accounting of emissions inventories and assigned amounts. Additionally, the information submitted under Article 7, paragraph 2, by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed as part of the review of communications.

2. Expert review teams shall be coordinated by the secretariat and shall be composed of experts selected from those nominated by Parties to the Convention and, as appropriate, by intergovernmental organizations, in accordance with guidance provided for this purpose by the Conference of the Parties.

3. The review process shall provide a thorough and comprehensive technical assessment

of all aspects of the implementation by a Party of this Protocol. The expert review teams shall prepare a report to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, assessing the implementation of the commitments of the Party and identifying any potential problems in, and factors influencing, the fulfilment of commitments. Such reports shall be circulated by the secretariat to all Parties to the Convention. The secretariat shall list those questions of implementation indicated in such reports for further consideration by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.

4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall adopt at its first session, and review periodically thereafter, guidelines for the review of implementation of this Protocol by expert review teams taking into account the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties.

5. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, with the assistance of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation and, as appropriate, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, consider:

(a) The information submitted by Parties under Article 7 and the reports of the expert reviews thereon conducted under this Article; and

(b) Those questions of implementation listed by the secretariat under

paragraph 3 above, as well as any questions raised by Parties.

6. Pursuant to its consideration of the information referred to in paragraph 5 above, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall take decisions on any matter required for the implementation of this Protocol.

1. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall periodically review this Protocol in the light of the best available scientific information and assessments on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant technical, social and economic information. Such reviews shall be coordinated with pertinent reviews under the Convention, in particular those required by Article 4, paragraph 2(d), and Article 7,

paragraph 2(a), of the Convention. Based on these reviews, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall take appropriate action.

2. The first review shall take place at the second session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. Further reviews shall take place at regular intervals and in a timely manner.

All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and

their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, without introducing any new commitments for Parties not included in Annex I, but reaffirming existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, and continuing to advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7, of the Convention, shall:

(a) Formulate, where relevant and to the extent possible, cost-effective national

and, where appropriate, regional programmes to improve the quality of local emission factors, activity data and/or models which reflect the socio-economic conditions of each Party for the preparation and periodic updating of national inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, using comparable methodologies to be agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties, and consistent with the guidelines for the preparation of national communications adopted by the Conference of the Parties;

(b) Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change:

(i) Such programmes would, inter alia, concern the energy, transport and industry sectors as well as agriculture, forestry and waste management. Furthermore, adaptation technologies and methods for improving spatial planning would improve adaptation to climate change; and

(ii) Parties included in Annex I shall submit information on action under this Protocol, including national programmes, in accordance with Article 7; and other Parties shall seek to include in their national communications, as appropriate, information on programmes which contain measures that the Party believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse impacts, including the abatement of increases in greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancement of and removals by sinks, capacity building and adaptation measures;

(c) Cooperate in the promotion of effective modalities for the development, application and diffusion of, and take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies, know-how, practices and processes pertinent to climate change, in particular to developing countries, including the formulation of policies and programmes for the effective transfer of

environmentally sound technologies that are publicly owned or in the public domain and the creation of an enabling environment for the private sector, to promote and enhance the transfer of, and access to, environmentally sound technologies;

(d) Cooperate in scientific and technical research and promote the maintenance and the development of systematic observation systems and development of data archives to reduce uncertainties related to the climate system, the adverse impacts of climate change and the economic and social consequences of various response strategies, and promote the development and strengthening of endogenous capacities and capabilities to participate in international and intergovernmental efforts, programmes and networks on research and systematic observation, taking into account Article 5 of the Convention;

(e) Cooperate in and promote at the international level, and, where appropriate,

using existing bodies, the development and implementation of education and training programmes, including the strengthening of national capacity building, in particular human and institutional capacities and the exchange or secondment of personnel to train experts in this field, in particular for developing countries, and facilitate at the national level public awareness of, and public access to information on, climate change. Suitable modalities should be developed to implement these activities through the relevant bodies of the Convention, taking into account Article 6 of the Convention;

(f) Include in their national communications information on programmes and activities undertaken pursuant to this Article in accordance with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties; and

(g) Give full consideration, in implementing the commitments under this Article, to Article 4, paragraph 8, of the Convention.

1. In the implementation of Article 10, Parties shall take into account the provisions of Article 4, paragraphs 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9, of the Convention.

2. In the context of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 3, and Article 11 of the Convention, and through the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention, the developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall:

(a) Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1(a), of the Convention that are covered in

Article 10, subparagraph (a); and

(b) Also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs of advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention that are covered by Article 10 and that are agreed between a developing country Party and the international entity or entities referred to in Article 11 of the Convention, in accordance with that Article.

The implementation of these existing commitments shall take into account the need for adequacy and predictability in the flow of funds and the importance of appropriate burden sharing among developed country Parties. The guidance to the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention in relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties, including those agreed before the adoption of this Protocol, shall apply mutatis mutandis to the provisions of this paragraph.

3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties in Annex II to the

Convention may also provide, and developing country Parties avail themselves of, financial resources for the implementation of Article 10, through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels.

1. A clean development mechanism is hereby defined.

2. The purpose of the clean development mechanism shall be to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3.

3. Under the clean development mechanism:

(a) Parties not included in Annex I will benefit from project activities resulting in certified emission reductions; and

(b) Parties included in Annex I may use the certified emission reductions accruing from such project activities to contribute to compliance with part of their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, as determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.

4. The clean development mechanism shall be subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol and be supervised by an executive board of the clean development mechanism.

5. Emission reductions resulting from each project activity shall be certified by operational entities to be designated by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, on the basis of:

(a) Voluntary participation approved by each Party involved;

(b) Real, measurable, and long-term benefits related to the mitigation of climate change; and

(c) Reductions in emissions that are additional to any that would occur in the absence of the certified project activity.

6. The clean development mechanism shall assist in arranging funding of certified project activities as necessary.

7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, elaborate modalities and procedures with the objective of ensuring transparency, efficiency and accountability through independent auditing and verification of project activities.

8. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that a share of the proceeds from certified project activities is used to cover administrative expenses as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation.

9. Participation under the clean development mechanism, including in activities mentioned in paragraph 3(a) above and in the acquisition of certified emission reductions, may involve private and/or public entities, and is to be subject to whatever guidance may be provided by the executive board of the clean development mechanism.

10. Certified emission reductions obtained during the period from the year 2000 up to the beginning of the first commitment period can be used to assist in achieving compliance in the first commitment period.

1. The Conference of the Parties, the supreme body of the Convention, shall serve as the

meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.

2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Protocol may participate as

observers in the proceedings of any session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, decisions under this Protocol shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Protocol.

3. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, any member of the Bureau of the Conference of the Parties representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol.

4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall keep under regular review the implementation of this Protocol and shall make, within its mandate, the decisions necessary to promote its effective implementation. It shall perform the functions assigned to it by this Protocol and shall:

(a) Assess, on the basis of all information made available to it in accordance with

the provisions of this Protocol, the implementation of this Protocol by the Parties, the overall effects of the measures taken pursuant to this Protocol, in particular environmental, economic and social effects as well as their cumulative impacts and the extent to which progress towards the objective of the Convention is being achieved;

(b) Periodically examine the obligations of the Parties under this Protocol, giving due consideration to any reviews required by Article 4, paragraph 2(d), and Article 7, paragraph 2, of the Convention, in the light of the objective of the Convention, the experience gained in its implementation and the evolution of scientific and technological knowledge, and in this respect consider and adopt regular reports on the implementation of this Protocol;

(c) Promote and facilitate the exchange of information on measures adopted by the Parties to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the Parties and their respective commitments under this Protocol;

(d) Facilitate, at the request of two or more Parties, the coordination of measures adopted by them to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the Parties and their respective commitments under this Protocol;

(e) Promote and guide, in accordance with the objective of the Convention and the provisions of this Protocol, and taking fully into account the relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties, the development and periodic refinement of comparable methodologies for the effective implementation of this Protocol, to be agreed on by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol;

(f) Make recommendations on any matters necessary for the implementation of this Protocol;

(g) Seek to mobilize additional financial resources in accordance with

Article 11, paragraph 2;

(h) Establish such subsidiary bodies as are deemed necessary for the implementation of this Protocol;

(i) Seek and utilize, where appropriate, the services and cooperation of, and information provided by, competent international organizations and intergovernmental and non-governmental bodies; and

(j) Exercise such other functions as may be required for the implementation of this Protocol, and consider any assignment resulting from a decision by the Conference of the Parties.

5. The rules of procedure of the Conference of the Parties and financial procedures applied under the Convention shall be applied mutatis mutandis under this Protocol, except as may be otherwise decided by consensus by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.

6. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be convened by the secretariat in conjunction with the first session of the Conference of the Parties that is scheduled after the date of the entry into force of this Protocol. Subsequent ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be held every year and in conjunction with ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties, unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.

7. Extraordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the

Parties to this Protocol shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to the Parties by the secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties.

8. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy

Agency, as well as any State member thereof or observers thereto not party to the Convention, may be represented at sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol as observers. Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by this Protocol and which has informed the secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object. The admission and participation of observers shall be subject to the rules of procedure, as referred to in

paragraph 5 above.

1. The secretariat established by Article 8 of the Convention shall serve as the secretariat of this Protocol.

2. Article 8, paragraph 2, of the Convention on the functions of the secretariat, and

Article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention on arrangements made for the functioning of the secretariat, shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol. The secretariat shall, in addition, exercise the functions assigned to it under this Protocol.

1. The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention shall serve as, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Protocol. The provisions relating to the functioning of these two bodies under the Convention shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol. Sessions of the meetings of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Protocol shall be held in conjunction with the meetings of, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the Convention.

2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Protocol may participate as observers in the proceedings of any session of the subsidiary bodies. When the subsidiary bodies serve as the subsidiary bodies of this Protocol, decisions under this Protocol shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Protocol.

3. When the subsidiary bodies established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention exercise their functions with regard to matters concerning this Protocol, any member of the Bureaux of those subsidiary bodies representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol.

The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, as soon as practicable, consider the application to this Protocol of, and modify as appropriate, the multilateral consultative process referred to in Article 13 of the Convention, in the light of any relevant decisions that may be taken by the Conference of the Parties. Any multilateral consultative process that may be applied to this Protocol shall operate without prejudice to the procedures and mechanisms established in accordance with Article 18.

The Conference of the Parties shall define the relevant principles, modalities, rules and guidelines, in particular for verification, reporting and accountability for emissions trading. The Parties included in Annex B may participate in emissions trading for the purposes of fulfilling their commitments under Article 3. Any such trading shall be supplemental to domestic actions for the purpose of meeting quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under that Article.

The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, approve appropriate and effective procedures and mechanisms to determine and to address cases of non-compliance with the provisions of this Protocol, including through the development of an indicative list of consequences, taking into account the cause, type, degree and frequency of non-compliance. Any procedures and mechanisms under this Article entailing binding consequences shall be adopted by means of an amendment to this Protocol.

The provisions of Article 14 of the Convention on settlement of disputes shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol.

1. Any Party may propose amendments to this Protocol.

2. Amendments to this Protocol shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. The text of any proposed amendment to this Protocol shall be communicated to the Parties by the secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate the text of any proposed amendments to the Parties and signatories to the Convention and, for information, to the Depositary.

3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed amendment to this Protocol by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the amendment shall as a last resort be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. The adopted amendment shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all Parties for their acceptance.

4. Instruments of acceptance in respect of an amendment shall be deposited with the Depositary. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 3 above shall enter into force for those Parties having accepted it on the ninetieth day after the date of receipt by the Depositary of an instrument of acceptance by at least three fourths of the Parties to this Protocol.

5. The amendment shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after the date on which that Party deposits with the Depositary its instrument of acceptance of the said amendment.

1. Annexes to this Protocol shall form an integral part thereof and, unless otherwise expressly provided, a reference to this Protocol constitutes at the same time a reference to any annexes thereto. Any annexes adopted after the entry into force of this Protocol shall be restricted to lists, forms and any other material of a descriptive nature that is of a scientific, technical, procedural or administrative character.

2. Any Party may make proposals for an annex to this Protocol and may propose amendments to annexes to this Protocol.

3. Annexes to this Protocol and amendments to annexes to this Protocol shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. The text of any proposed annex or amendment to an annex shall be communicated to the Parties by the secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate the text of any proposed annex or amendment to an annex to the Parties and signatories to the Convention and, for information, to the Depositary.

4. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed annex or amendment to an annex by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the annex or amendment to an annex shall as a last resort be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. The adopted annex or amendment to an annex shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all Parties for their acceptance.

5. An annex, or amendment to an annex other than Annex A or B, that has been adopted in accordance with paragraphs 3 and 4 above shall enter into force for all Parties to this Protocol six months after the date of the communication by the Depositary to such Parties of the adoption of the annex or adoption of the amendment to the annex, except for those Parties that have notified the Depositary, in writing, within that period of their non-acceptance of the annex or amendment to the annex. The annex or amendment to an annex shall enter into force for Parties which withdraw their notification of non-acceptance on the ninetieth day after the date on which withdrawal of such notification has been received by the Depositary.

6. If the adoption of an annex or an amendment to an annex involves an amendment to this Protocol, that annex or amendment to an annex shall not enter into force until such time as the amendment to this Protocol enters into force.

7. Amendments to Annexes A and B to this Protocol shall be adopted and enter into force in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 20, provided that any amendment to Annex B shall be adopted only with the written consent of the Party concerned.

1. Each Party shall have one vote, except as provided for in paragraph 2 below.

2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are Parties to this Protocol. Such an organization shall not exercise its right to vote if any of its member States exercises its right, and vice versa.

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of this Protocol.

1. This Protocol shall be open for signature and subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and regional economic integration organizations which are Parties to the Convention. It shall be open for signature at United Nations Headquarters in New York from

16 March 1998 to 15 March 1999. This Protocol shall be open for accession from the day after the date on which it is closed for signature. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.

2. Any regional economic integration organization which becomes a Party to this Protocol without any of its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under this Protocol. In the case of such organizations, one or more of whose member States is a Party to this Protocol, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under this Protocol. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under this Protocol concurrently.

3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Protocol. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary, who shall in turn inform the Parties, of any substantial modification in the extent of their competence.

1. This Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date on which not less than 55 Parties to the Convention, incorporating Parties included in Annex I which accounted in total for at least 55 per cent of the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I, have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

2. For the purposes of this Article, "the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I" means the amount communicated on or before the date of adoption of this Protocol by the Parties included in Annex I in their first national communications submitted in accordance with Article 12 of the Convention.

3. For each State or regional economic integration organization that ratifies, accepts or

approves this Protocol or accedes thereto after the conditions set out in paragraph 1 above for entry into force have been fulfilled, this Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

4. For the purposes of this Article, any instrument deposited by a regional economic

integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by States members of the organization.

No reservations may be made to this Protocol.

1. At any time after three years from the date on which this Protocol has entered into force for a Party, that Party may withdraw from this Protocol by giving written notification to the Depositary.

2. Any such withdrawal shall take effect upon expiry of one year from the date of receipt by the Depositary of the notification of withdrawal, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification of withdrawal.

3. Any Party that withdraws from the Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from this Protocol.

The original of this Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the

United Nations.

DONE at Kyoto this eleventh day of December one thousand nine hundred and

ninety-seven.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have affixed their signatures to this Protocol on the dates indicated.

Greenhouse gases

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Methane (CH₄)

Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆)

Sectors/source categories

Energy

Fuel combustion

Energy industries

Manufacturing industries and construction

Transport

Other sectors

Other

Fugitive emissions from fuels

Solid fuels

Oil and natural gas

Other

Industrial processes

Mineral products

Chemical industry

Metal production

Other production

Production of halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Consumption of halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Other

Solvent and other product use

Agriculture

Enteric fermentation

Manure management

Rice cultivation

Agricultural soils

Prescribed burning of savannas

Field burning of agricultural residues

Other

Waste

Solid waste disposal on land

Wastewater handling

Waste incineration

Other

Party Quantified emission limitation or

reduction commitment

(percentage of base year or period)

Australia 108

Austria 92

Belgium 92

Bulgaria* 92

Canada 94

Croatia* 95

Czech Republic* 92

Denmark 92

Estonia* 92

European Community 92

Finland 92

France 92

Germany 92

Greece 92

Hungary* 94

Iceland 110

Ireland 92

Italy 92

Japan 94

Latvia* 92

Liechtenstein 92

Lithuania* 92

Luxembourg 92

Monaco 92

Netherlands 92

New Zealand 100

Norway 101

Poland* 94

Portugal 92

Romania* 92

Russian Federation* 100

Slovakia* 92

Slovenia* 92

Spain 92

Sweden 92

Switzerland 92

Ukraine* 100

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 92

United States of America 93

* Countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy.

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling its decisions 4/CP.1 and 9/CP.2,

Endorsing the relevant conclusions of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice at its fourth session,⁽³⁾

1. Reaffirms that Parties should use the Revised 1996 Guidelines for National

Greenhouse Gas Inventories of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to

estimate and report on anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol;

2. Affirms that the actual emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride should be estimated, where data are available, and used for the reporting of emissions. Parties should make every effort to develop the necessary sources of data;

3. Reaffirms that global warming potentials used by Parties should be those provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its Second Assessment Report ("1995 IPCC GWP values") based on the effects of the greenhouse gases over a 100-year time horizon, taking into account the inherent and complicated uncertainties involved in global warming potential estimates. In addition, for information purposes only, Parties may also use another time horizon, as provided in the Second Assessment Report;

4. Recalls that, under the Revised 1996 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas

Inventories of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, emissions based upon fuel sold to ships or aircraft engaged in international transport should not be included in national totals, but reported separately; and urges the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice to further elaborate on the inclusion of these emissions in the overall greenhouse gas inventories of Parties;

5. Decides that emissions resulting from multilateral operations pursuant to the

Charter of the United Nations shall not be included in national totals, but reported separately; other emissions related to operations shall be included in the national emissions totals of one or more Parties involved.

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Noting the provisions of Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Noting further the provisions of Article 3 of the Convention and of the "Berlin Mandate" in its paragraph 1(b),⁽⁴⁾

1. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at its eighth session, to undertake a process to identify and determine actions necessary to meet the specific needs of developing country Parties, specified under Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention, arising from adverse effects of climate change and/or the impact of the implementation of response measures. Issues to be considered shall include actions related to funding, insurance and transfer of technology;

2. Further requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to report to the Conference of the Parties, at its fourth session, on the outcome of this process;

3. Invites the Conference of the Parties, at its fourth session, to take a decision on actions based on the conclusions and recommendations of this process.

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling Article 4.2 (f) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Having reviewed available information regarding amendments to the lists in Annexes I and II to the Convention,

Noting that the Parties concerned have granted their approval to be included in the list in Annex I to the Convention,

Bearing in mind the procedure in Article 4.2 (f) of the Convention,

1. Decides to amend the list in Annex I to the Convention by:

(a) Deleting the name of Czechoslovakia;

(b) Including the names of Croatia⁽⁵⁾, the Czech Republic^a, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovakia^a and Slovenia^a;

2. Notes that the entry into force of these amendments to the list included in

Annex I to the Convention shall be subject to the same procedure as that for the entry into force of annexes to the Convention in accordance with Article 16.3 of the Convention.

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling Article 7.4 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Recalling General Assembly resolution 40/243 of 18 December 1985,

Having received an offer from the Government of Argentina to host the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties in Buenos Aires and to cover the related costs involved,

1. Accepts with gratitude the generous offer of the Government of Argentina to host the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties;

2. Decides that the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties shall be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 2 to 13 November 1998;

3. Requests the Executive Secretary to conclude a host country agreement with the Government of Argentina on arrangements for the fourth session of the Conference of the Parties.

5th plenary meeting

5 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling the relevant provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, its decision 2/CP.1 on review of first communications from the Parties included in Annex I to the Convention, decision 3/CP.1 on preparation and submission of national communications from the Parties included in Annex I to the Convention, decision 4/CP.1 on methodological issues and decision 9/CP.2 on the guidelines, schedule and process for consideration of communications from Parties included in Annex I to the Convention,

Having considered the relevant recommendations of the Subsidiary Body for

Scientific and Technological Advice and those of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation,

1. Calls upon the Parties included in Annex I to the Convention (Annex I Parties), when submitting annually national greenhouse gas inventories, to follow the relevant parts of the

revised UNFCCC guidelines for the preparation of national communications by Annex I Parties, as well as the relevant conclusions of the fourth session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice;

2. Requests the Convention secretariat:

(a) To prepare a full compilation and synthesis of second national communications from Annex I Parties for consideration at its fourth session;

(b) To collect, process and publish, on a regular basis, national greenhouse gas inventories submitted annually by Annex I Parties in accordance with decision 9/CP.2. In those years when the compilation and synthesis of national communications is prepared inventory data should be included. Publication of inventory data may be accompanied by relevant documentation prepared by the secretariat, for example, on evaluating compliance with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines or addressing methodological or other issues related to reporting greenhouse gas emissions. It may also include or refer to relevant data from authoritative sources;

3. Decides that:

(a) In-depth reviews of second national communications from Annex I Parties should, as a general rule, include visits of review teams co-ordinated by the secretariat, based on the schedule of these reviews and on a visit programme agreed between the host countries and the secretariat. Parties concerned are urged to submit their comments on the draft in-depth review reports produced by the review teams, if possible not later than eight weeks following receipt of the drafts;

(b) Executive summaries of national communications will be published in their original language as official UNFCCC documents, and also translated into the other official languages of the United Nations if they are less than 15 pages long in standard format. Full texts of the in-depth review reports will be published as official UNFCCC documents and translated into the other official languages of the United Nations.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Reaffirming its decision 6/CP.2, paragraph 5, in which it urged continuing

cooperation between the Convention bodies and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,

1. Expresses appreciation to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for its contribution to the Convention process, particularly through its prompt response to requests from the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice for technical papers, special reports and Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, as well as for its plans for the preparation of the Third Assessment Report; and, in this connection, requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice to give further consideration to issues related to the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and to formulate policy-relevant questions which should be addressed in the Third Assessment Report;

2. Thanks the Chairman Emeritus of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Professor Bert Bolin, for his outstanding work and his valuable scientific contribution to the Convention process;

3. Invites the subsidiary bodies of the Convention, in particular the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, to continue their cooperation with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling Article 4.1(g) and Article 5 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Noting the importance of the observations, analysis and research relevant to the various components of the climate system,

1. Expresses appreciation of the work carried out by the relevant intergovernmental

organizations, particularly the development of such observational programmes as the Global Climate Observing System, the Global Ocean Observing System and the Global Terrestrial Observing System;

2. Recognizes the concerns raised by the relevant intergovernmental organizations with regard to the long-term sustainability of these observational systems;

3. Urges Parties to provide the necessary resources to reverse the decline in the existing observational networks and to support the regional and global observational systems being developed under the Global Climate Observing System, the Global Ocean Observing System and the Global Terrestrial Observing System, through appropriate funding mechanisms;

4. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, with the assistance of the secretariat and in consultation with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, to consider the adequacy of these observational systems and to report on its conclusions to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth session.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling the relevant provisions of the programme for the further implementation of Agenda 21 on the transfer of environmentally sound technologies adopted by the

United Nations General Assembly at its nineteenth special session,

Noting the role of the public and private sectors in developing and disseminating environmentally sound and economically viable technologies related to the mitigation of, and adaptation to, climate change,

Recognizing the progress made by countries in fostering the institutional and regulatory environment necessary for the introduction of environmentally sound technologies and the need for continued efforts by Parties to remove existing market barriers to technology dissemination,

Recalling its decisions 13/CP.1 and 7/CP.2 on transfer of technology,

Having considered the progress reports presented by the Convention secretariat on the development and transfer of technology,⁽⁶⁾

1. Reaffirms its decisions 13/CP.1 and 7/CP.2 on transfer of technology;

2. Requests the Convention secretariat:

(a) To continue its work on the synthesis and dissemination of information on environmentally sound technologies and know-how conducive to mitigating, and adapting to, climate change; for example, by accelerating the development of methodologies for adaptation technologies, in particular decision tools to evaluate alternative adaptation strategies, bearing in mind the work programme on methodological issues approved by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice at its sixth session;⁽⁷⁾

(b) To consult with the Global Environment Facility and other relevant international organizations, and solicit information on their capabilities and abilities to support the work of (an) international technology information centre(s), as well as national and regional centres, and to enhance support for national and regional centres, and to report to the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation on its findings;

(c) To consider specific case studies, as part of its work on terms of transfer of technologies, drawing on the experience of Parties, including demonstration projects, with the aim of evaluating barriers to the introduction and implementation of environmentally sound technologies and know-how, and of promoting their practical application;

3. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to consider options for funding (an) international technology information centre(s) and enhancing support for national or regional centres;

4. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice to forward any conclusions regarding technology information centres and enhancing support for national or regional centres to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation for consideration;

5. Urges Parties:

(a) To create an enabling environment to help further stimulate private-sector investment in, and transfer of, environmentally sound technologies; and

(b) To improve reporting in national communications on technology needs and technology transfer activities, as indicated in the reporting guidelines adopted by the Parties.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Acknowledging the contributions of the Parties which submitted reports on activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase,

Noting the progress made in the pilot phase as evidenced in the synthesis report on activities implemented jointly⁽⁸⁾ and the concise update on contact and activity information,⁽⁹⁾

1. Takes note of the synthesis report on activities implemented jointly;¹

2. Reaffirms its decision 5/CP.1 on activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase;

3. Adopts the uniform reporting format contained in the report of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice on the work of its fifth session,⁽¹⁰⁾ and invites Parties to report in accordance with that format and to provide inputs to the secretariat on their experience in using it, so that, if necessary, changes can be incorporated.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties

1. Takes note of the review process undertaken by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation in accordance with decision 11/CP.2;

2. Decides to continue the review process through the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, in accordance with the criteria established in the guidelines adopted by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation at its fifth session;⁽¹¹⁾

3. Reaffirms its decision 9/CP.1;

4. Requests the secretariat to report to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation in accordance with paragraph 2 above.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties

1. 1. Takes note of the approval by the Council of the Global Environment Facility of the annex to the Memorandum of Understanding between the Conference of the Parties and the Council of the Global Environment Facility;

2. Decides to approve the annex to the Memorandum of Understanding, thereby bringing it into force.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling Articles 9 and 10 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

Recalling also its decision at its second session that the question of the division of labour between the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation should be taken up by the Conference of the Parties at its third session on the basis of recommendations made to it by the Chairmen of the two subsidiary bodies,⁽¹²⁾

Having considered the recommendations made by the Chairmen, through the conclusions of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, as included in the reports of their sixth sessions,⁽¹³⁾

Desiring to elaborate further the division of labour between the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation,

1. Reaffirms that the division of labour is governed by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention, and by decision 6/CP.1 and other relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties;

2. Recalls that, as indicated in decision 6/CP.1, the role of the subsidiary bodies can be broadly characterized as follows:

(a) The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will be the link between the scientific, technical and technological assessments and the information provided by competent international bodies, and the policy-oriented needs of the Conference of the Parties;

(b) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation will develop recommendations to assist the Conference of the Parties in its review and assessment of the implementation of the Convention and in the preparation and implementation of its decisions;

3. Decides that the consideration of issues which are pertinent to both bodies should take place in a way which is efficient in the use of time during meetings, in order to avoid confusion and to reduce the overall workload. Therefore, in general, one of the bodies will take the overall responsibility in considering an issue. If necessary, it will request adequate and specific inputs from the other body. Where overall responsibility is not assigned, agendas should be organized to ensure that the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation avoid dealing with such issues in parallel sessions. On issues where this is not possible, consideration should be given to holding ad hoc joint sessions of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation. On this basis, the provisions above are clarified as follows:

(a) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation will have the overall responsibility for:

(i) Developing guidelines on the processes for consideration of national communications;

(ii) Considering the information contained in national communications, other relevant documentation and compilation and synthesis reports, with a view to assisting the Conference of the Parties in undertaking its tasks under Article 7.2(e) of the Convention;

(b) In co-operation with the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will have responsibility for:

(i) Developing guidelines for the provision of comparable information, including all related methodological issues;

(ii) Considering, upon the request of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, as appropriate, national communications and other relevant documentation, such as technical papers, with the aim of, inter alia, verifying methodologies used and making recommendations on their refinement, preparing scientific assessments on the effects of measures taken in the implementation of the Convention, reviewing projections and their assumptions, and assessing the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation measures;

(c) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation will, with inputs from the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice as appropriate, have responsibilities for assisting the Conference of the Parties in the assessment and review of the effective implementation of the Convention with respect to the development and transfer of technology;

(d) As stipulated in the Convention, and as decided by the Conference of the Parties in decision 6/CP.1, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will have responsibility for providing advice on all scientific, technological and methodological aspects of the development and transfer of technology;

(e) Taking into account the competence of each subsidiary body, the Subsidiary Body for Implementation will have overall responsibility for all policy questions and relevant inputs related to issues dealing with consultation with non-governmental organizations, as appropriate;

(f) Should the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice or any other subsidiary body feel that non-governmental organizations could provide relevant inputs on an item being considered, that body could seek and consider such inputs;

(g) Provisional accreditation of individual non-governmental organizations will be the responsibility of the body concerned;

(h) The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will have the responsibility for:

(i) Developing the framework for reporting, including consideration of scientific, technical and methodological aspects of the reports;

(ii) Preparing a synthesis report of activities for the Conference of the Parties;

(i) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation will have the responsibility for assisting the Conference of the Parties in reviewing the progress of the activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase, on the basis of inputs by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice;

(j) In accordance with Article 5 of the Convention, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will have the overall responsibility for issues related to research and systematic observation, drawing, where necessary, upon the Subsidiary Body for Implementation. The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will also play a co-ordinating role in such activities related to climate change relevant to the implementation of the Convention;

(k) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation, with inputs from the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice as appropriate, will have the responsibility for assisting the Conference of the Parties in the assessment and review of the effective implementation of the Convention with respect to research and systematic observation;

(l) In further clarification of decision 6/CP.1, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will have the overall responsibility for providing advice on educational, training and public awareness programmes, as well as public access to information. When considering such issues, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice will draw upon, inter alia, relevant international organizations;

(m) The Subsidiary Body for Implementation, with inputs from the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice as appropriate, will have responsibility for assisting the Conference of the Parties in the assessment and review of the effective implementation of the Convention with respect to education, training, and public awareness.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling Article 13 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and decisions 20/CP.1 and 4/CP.2,

Having considered the report of the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 on the work of its fifth session,⁽¹⁴⁾ at which the Group agreed on a set of functions and procedures that could serve as a basis for further discussion in its consideration of a multilateral consultative process and its design,

Taking note that the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 could not complete its work before the third session of the Conference of the Parties,

1. Decides, pursuant to its decision 4/CP.2, that the work of the Ad Hoc Group on Article 13 should continue beyond the third session of the Conference of the Parties;

2. Invites the Group to complete its work before the fourth session of the

Conference of the Parties and, pursuant to decision 20/CP.1, provide the

Conference of the Parties with a report on its findings;

3. Requests the Group to report to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth session on the progress of its work, if its work has not been completed by that time.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling paragraph 4 of the financial procedures for the Conference of the Parties,

Having considered the proposed budget for the biennium 1998-1999 submitted by the Executive Secretary,⁽¹⁵⁾

Noting the annual contribution of the host Government, DM 1.5 million, which offsets planned expenditures,

1. Approves the programme budget for the biennium 1998-1999, amounting to

US$ 21,345,900,⁽¹⁶⁾ for the purposes specified in table 1 below;

2. Approves the staffing table for the programme budget, including the post of the

Executive Secretary at the level of Assistant Secretary-General and two other senior posts at the level of D-2, as contained in table 2 below;

3. Approves a contingency budget for conference servicing, amounting to $ 5,184,900, to be added to the programme budget for the coming biennium in the event that the General Assembly of the United Nations decides not to provide resources for these activities in the regular United Nations budget for the biennium 1998-1999 (see table 3 below);⁽¹⁷⁾

4. Requests the Executive Secretary to report to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation at

its eighth session on the implementation of paragraph 3 above, and on the deployment of staff and financial resources to perform the tasks arising from the decision to adopt the Kyoto Protocol;

5. Authorizes the Executive Secretary to make transfers, between each of the main

appropriation lines set out in table 1 below, up to an aggregate limit of 15 per cent of total estimated expenditure for those appropriation lines, provided that a further limitation of up to minus 25 per cent of each such appropriation line shall apply;

6. Decides to maintain the level of the working capital reserve at 8.3 per cent of the

estimated expenditure;

7. Invites all Parties to the Convention to note that contributions to the core budget are due

on 1 January of each year in accordance with paragraph 8(b) of the financial procedures and to pay promptly and in full, for each of the years 1998 and 1999, the contributions required to finance expenditures approved under paragraph 1 above, as offset by estimated contributions noted under the third paragraph of the preamble to this decision, and the contributions which may result from the decision of the General Assembly referred to in paragraph 3 above;

8. Takes note of the funding estimates for the Trust Fund for Participation in the

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Process and the Trust Fund for Supplementary Activities under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change specified by the Executive Secretary and included in table 5 below, and invites Parties to make contributions to these funds;

9. Requests the Executive Secretary to report to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth

session on income and budget performance, and to propose any adjustments that might be needed in the Convention budget for the biennium 1998-1999.

Table 1: Programme budget for the biennium 1998-1999 (US$ thousand)

Expenditures I. Programmes	1998	1999
Executive Direction and Management	621.3	642.8
Science and Technology	2,223.1	2,779.4
Implementation	2,333.6	2,553.0
Conference and Information Support	1,500.1	1,901.2
Resources, Planning and Coordination	1,599.5	1,807.6
Activities related to the Kyoto Protocol	242.3	462.9
Subtotal (I)	8,519.8	10,146.9
II. Payments to the United Nations
Overhead charge(18)	1,107.6	1,319.1
Subtotal (II)	1,107.6	1,319.1
III. Working capital reserve(19)	99.7	152.6
Subtotal (III)	99.7	152.6
Total expenditure (I+II+III)	9,727.1	11,618.6
Income
Contribution from the host Government	887.6	887.6
Total income	887.6	887.6
NET TOTAL	8,839.5	10,731

Table 2: Programme budget staffing table 1998-1999

		1998	1999
A. Professional category and above
Executive Secretary		1	1
D-2		2	2
D-1		3.83	5
P-5		5.75	6
P-4		7.5	8
P-3		9.5	12
P-2		4.25	5
Subtotal (A)		33.83	39
B. General Service category		21	23
Subtotal (B)		21	23
TOTAL (A+B)		54.83	62

Table 3: Resource requirements for the conference servicing contingency (US$ thousand)

Item of expenditure	1998	1999
I. Meeting servicing(20)	419.4	431.5
II. Documentation(21)	698.5	737.4
III. Other requirements(22)	707.5	728.1
IV. Travel of staff to meetings(23)	265.5	265.5
V. Miscellaneous(24)	10.5	10.5
VI. Contingencies and exchange rate fluctuation	63.0	65.2
Subtotal	2,164.4	2,238.2
VII. Overhead charge(25)	281.4	291.0
VIII.Working Capital Reserve(26)	203.0	6.9
TOTAL	2,648.8	2536.1

Table 4: Staffing requirements for the conference servicing contingency

	1998	1999
A. Professional category and above
P-4	1	1
Subtotal (A)	1	1
B. General Service category	4	4
Subtotal (B)	4	4
TOTAL (A+B)	5	5

Table 5: Summary of other voluntary funding resource estimates for the biennium 1998-1999 (US$ thousand)

Proposed source of funding	1998	1999
Trust Fund for Participation in the UNFCCC Process	2,256.1	2,324.4
Trust Fund for Supplementary Activities	2,062.6	2,086.2
TOTAL	4,318.7	4,410.6

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling its decision 16/CP.2, paragraph 14, whereby it requested the

Executive Secretary to submit to the Conference of the Parties at its third session a further report on financial performance for the biennium 1996-1997,

Recalling also the financial rules for the Conference of the Parties,

1. Takes note of the information provided in documents FCCC/SBI/1997/18 and FCCC/SBI/1997/INF.7;

2. Approves the creation of a new trust fund for the special annual contribution of DM 3.5 million from the Government of Germany to finance events in Germany, made in accordance with the bilateral arrangements between the Government of Germany and the Convention secretariat, and requests the Executive Secretary to request the Secretary-General of the United Nations to establish the new trust fund, to be managed by the Executive Secretary;

3. Urges Parties that have still not paid their 1996 and/or 1997 contributions to the core budget to do so without delay;

4. Requests the Executive Secretary to submit to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth session, through the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, as appropriate, a final report on financial performance in the biennium 1996-1997, including audited financial statements, and an initial report on financial performance in 1998;

5. Approves transfers between the main appropriation lines to cover over-expenditures, for the Policy-making organs programme and the Implementation and planning programme, in excess of the 15 per cent transfer within each of the main appropriation lines that the Executive Secretary is at present authorized to make.⁽²⁷⁾

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling the arrangements proposed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations for administrative support to the Convention secretariat,⁽²⁸⁾ provisionally accepted by the Conference of the Parties at its first session by its decision 14/CP.1,

1. Takes note of the information contained in document FCCC/SBI/1997/INF.2;

2. Requests the Executive Secretary to continue his discussions with the United Nations regarding administrative arrangements for the Convention, and to inform the Conference of the Parties, through the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, as appropriate, of any significant developments.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

The Conference of the Parties,

Recalling its decision 17/CP.2, paragraph 2, whereby it requested the Executive Secretary to submit to the Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at its fifth session, further options for reducing the cost of documentation for the meetings of the Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary bodies,

1. Takes note of the efforts of the Convention secretariat to reduce the volume of documentation, as indicated in the note by the secretariat on volume of documentation;⁽²⁹⁾

2. Requests the Executive Secretary to explore with the United Nations the possibility of ensuring unrestricted access to all language versions of the documents of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that the United Nations makes available on its optical disk system through a restricted page on the World Wide Web;

3. Invites the Parties:

(a) To limit the volume of their submissions for circulation to Convention bodies, including those that do not require translation;

(b) To focus the content of submissions on material pertinent to the forthcoming sessions of the subsidiary bodies and to seek to avoid repetition of previously presented statements;

(c) To limit their requests for numbers of hard copies of documents;

(d) To limit the requests for documents that need to be translated;

(e) To schedule the delivery of documents in a timely manner that corresponds to the capacity of the Convention bodies to consider them;

4. Notes the intention of the Executive Secretary to advise presiding officers on the feasibility of producing, in a timely manner, the documentation envisaged in the conclusions of subsidiary bodies, before those conclusions are adopted.

2nd plenary meeting

1 December 1997

II. RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES

The Conference of the Parties,

Having met in Kyoto from 1 to 11 December 1997 at the invitation of the Government of Japan,

1. Expresses its profound gratitude to the Government of Japan for having made it possible for the third session of the Conference of the Parties to be held in Kyoto and for the excellent facilities, staff and services so graciously placed at its disposal;

2. Requests the Government of Japan to convey to the Prefecture and City of Kyoto, and to the people of Japan, the gratitude of the Conference of the Parties for the hospitality and warm welcome extended to the participants.

12th plenary meeting

11 December 1997

1. Second review of the adequacy of Article 4.2(a) and (b) of the Convention

   
   
   

At its 3rd plenary meeting, on 3 December 1997, the Conference of the Parties decided to place the issue of the second review of the adequacy of Article 4.2(a) and (b) of the Convention on the agenda for its fourth session, and to request the subsidiary bodies and the secretariat to make all necessary preparations to facilitate future consideration of that item (see Part One, section III D, para. 63 of the present report).

1. Request by Turkey to be deleted from the lists in Annexes I and II to the Convention

   
   
   

At its 12th plenary meeting, on 11 December 1997, the Conference of the Parties requested the Subsidiary Boy for Implementation, at its eighth session, to consider the request to delete the name of Turkey from the lists in Annexes I and II to the Convention, and to present a report to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth session for consideration and definitive action (see Part One, section III E, para. 68 of the present report).

3. Proposal by Brazil in document FCCC/AGBM/1997/MISC.1/Add.3

At its 5th plenary meeting, on 5 December 1997, the Conference of the Parties decided that the proposal presented by Brazil in document FCCC/AGBM/1997/MISC.1/Add.3 should be referred to the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice for its advice regarding the methodological and scientific aspects. It authorized the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice to seek inputs, as appropriate, from its roster of experts and from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and requested it to make its advice available to the Conference of the Parties at its fourth session (see Part One, section III F, para. 69 of the present report).

4. Calendar of meetings of Convention bodies 1998-1999

At its 5th plenary meeting, on 5 December 1997, the Conference of the Parties adopted

the following calendar of meetings of Convention bodies in 1998-1999 (see Part One, section II G, para. 35 of the present report):

1. First sessional period in 1998: from 2 to 12 June;

   
   
   

2. Second sessional period in 1998: from 2 to 13 November;

    

3. First sessional period in 1999: from 31 May to 11 June;

   
   
   

4. Second sessional period in 1999: from 25 October to 5 November.

    

Party Emissions (Gg) Percentage

Australia 288,965 2.1

Austria 59,200 0.4

Belgium 113,405 0.8

Bulgaria 82,990 0.6

Canada 457,441 3.3

Czech Republic 169,514 1.2

Denmark 52,100 0.4

Estonia 37,797 0.3

Finland 53,900 0.4

France 366,536 2.7

Germany 1,012,443 7.4

Greece 82,100 0.6

Hungary 71,673 0.5

Iceland 2,172 0.0

Ireland 30,719 0.2

Italy 428,941 3.1

Japan 1,173,360 8.5

Latvia 22,976 0.2

Liechtenstein 208 0.0

Luxembourg 11,343 0.1

Monaco 71 0.0

Netherlands 167,600 1.2

New Zealand 25,530 0.2

Norway 35,533 0.3

Poland 414,930 3.0

Portugal 42,148 0.3

Romania 171,103 1.2

Russian Federation 2,388,720 17.4

Slovakia 58,278 0.4

Spain 260,654 1.9

Sweden 61,256 0.4

Switzerland 43,600 0.3

United Kingdom of Great Britain

and Northern Ireland 584,078 4.3

United States of America 4,957,022 36.1

Total 13,728,306 100.0

1. FCCC/AGBM/1995/2 and Corr.1, and 7 and Corr.1; FCCC/AGBM/1996/5, 8, and 11; FCCC/AGBM/1997/3, 3/Add.1 and Corr.1, 5, 8 and 8/Add.1.

2. FCCC/CP/1997/INF.1.

3. FCCC/SBSTA/1996/20, paras. 30 and 54.

4. Decision 1/CP.1.

5. Countries that are undergoing transition to a market economy.

6. FCCC/SB/1997/1, 3 and 4; and FCCC/SBSTA/1997/10.

7. FCCC/SBSTA/1997/6, section IV, A.

8. FCCC/SBSTA/1997/12 and Corr.1-2, and Add.1.

9. FCCC/SBSTA/1997/INF.3.

10. FCCC/SBSTA/1997/4.

11. FCCC/SBI/1997/6, annex II.

12. FCCC/CP/1996/15/Add.1, section III, 4.

13. FCCC/SBSTA/1997/6 and FCCC/SBI/1997/16.

14. FCCC/AG13/1997/4.

15. FCCC/SBI/1997/10. In this connection, see also document FCCC/CP/1997/INF.1.

16. This figure would be offset by the annual contributions of the host Government, amounting to DM 3 million, resulting in a net figure of $ 19,570,700 to be met in the form of contributions from Parties.

17. By its resolution 52/119 (dated 18 December 1997), the General Assembly of the United Nations decided to include eight weeks of conference-servicing facilities for the Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary bodies in its calendar of conferences and meetings for the biennium 1998-1999. As a result, the contingency budget for conference servicing will not be included in the UNFCCC programme budget for the same biennium.

18. Standard 13 per cent applied by the United Nations for administrative support.

19. In accordance with paragraph 14 of the financial procedures (see decision 15/CP.1). This will bring the level of the working capital reserve to $799,100 in 1998 and $951,700 in 1999 (see paragraphs 17-19 of the financial procedures).

20. Includes interpretation and meeting room staff.

21. Includes revision, translation, typing, reproduction and distribution of pre-, in- and post-session documentation.

22. Includes remote translation requirements, key supervisory staff, freight, communications.

23. Includes travel of interpreters and key supervisory staff, including planning missions.

24. Includes estimated cost of initial stock of meeting stationery and supplies.

25. Standard 13 per cent applied by the United Nations for administrative support.

26. In accordance with paragraph 14 of the financial procedures. The 1998 amount has been calculated as 8.3 per cent of the subtotal of I-VII; the 1999 amount has been calculated as the amount required to bring the carried-over 1998 reserve to 8.3 per cent of the subtotal of I-VII for 1999.

27. See decision 17/CP.1, para. 5.

28. FCCC/CP/1995/5/Add.4.

29. FCCC/SBI/1997/12, paras. 9-10.

30. Data based on the information from the 34 Annex I Parties that submitted their first national communications on or before 11 December 1997, as compiled by the secretariat in several documents (A/AC.237/81; FCCC/CP/1996/12/Add.2 and FCCC/SB/1997/6). Some of the communications included data on CO2 emissions by sources and removals by sinks from land-use change and forestry, but since different ways of reporting were used these data are not included.