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Capacity-building in developing countries

Compilation of capacity-building needs and activities in developing countries

This information is based on national communications, submissions from Parties and organizations. This table is not exhaustive, and will be revised as more information becomes available.

Supporting documents, containing submissions from Parties and organizations:
Code Scope Category Country Summary of activity / need Type Reference
A - Institutional capacity building, including the strengthening or establishment, as appropriate, of national climate change secretariats or national focal points
A12 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit Solomon Islands Require capacity building to establish a national climate change unit Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), pages 32, 41-42
A03 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit Antigua and Barbuda Require an institutional focal point for coordination and implementation of climate change-related programmes Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 56
A07 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit The Gambia The national climate change secretariat requires further capacity building to enable it perform the activities identified Need Initial National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 135
A11 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit Sierra Leone The capacity of the Climate Change Secretariat is limited and capacity building is required, covering issues such as development of a climate change action plan, development of education and training programmes, enhancement of public awareness, etc, Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 140
A21 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit Uruguay Requires financial and technical assistance to keep the Climate Change Unit operative and to develop a process enabling the various interested parties to manage actions and measures responding to climate change Need Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 45
A14 a Climate Change Secretariat or unit Sudan Requires financial support, technical and institutional capacity building to establish and operate a Climate Change Coordination Unit, to be responsible for supervising and implementing the national strategy and all climate change activities in Sudan Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 85
A17 a CC unit in Ministry of Environment Macedonia The establishment of a firm climate change office within the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning is required, to coordinate and initiate activities at national level Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 113
A10 a CC unit in Ministry of Environment Pakistan Requires financial and technical assistance to strengthen relevant institutional frameworks, in particular, the establishment of a functional climate change cell under the ministry of environment Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 73
A09 a CC unit in Ministry of Environment Mozambique Requires technical and financial support aimed at strengthening the capacity of the Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs to implement the convention Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), pages 107-109
A05 a CC unit in Ministry of Environment Fiji Require financial support and capacity building to establish a climate change unit within the department of environment Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 42-43
A15 a CC unit in sectors Sudan Requires assistance to identify and establish climate change focal units within related sectors and also technical and institutional capacity building within the units Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 85
A02 a General Antigua and Barbuda Require capacity building to enable the establishment of suitable institutional frameworks for energy management Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 31
A04 a General Antigua and Barbuda Require assistance with various identified activities aimed at integrating climate change into development planning Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 56-57
A19 a General Tanzania Requires financial assistance and capacity building to strengthen centres of excellence and relevant government institutions, in particular through providing hardware and software, establishing climate-related libraries and data banks at these institutions and building capacity to implement the Convention and Protocol Need United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), pages 67-68
A08 a General Malawi Requires support to establish a climate change office able to implement the Convention, including capacity building for staff in the areas identified Need Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), pages 2-3
A01 a Activities Albania Established a Climate Change Program Unit under the National Environmental Agency (Ministry of Environment) with the support of the GEF-funded project to prepare the 1st NC; Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002)
A06 a Activities The Gambia The GEF/UNDP/UNITAR LDC project provided training and equipment and established a networking and internet system for the climate change focal secretariat Activity Initial National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 134
A13 a Activities South Africa The Environmental Capacity Building Unit and other Directorates within government assist the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism in fulfilling its obligations and also contribute to addressing environmental climate change issues Lessons learned South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), pages 51&53
A16 a Activities Macedonia A National Climate Change Committee was established to supervise and coordinate the implementation of projects and climate change-related issues and a Climate Change Project Unit was established which coordinated the preparation of this national communication Activity Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 113
A18 a Activities Tonga The Department of Environment was designated as the operational and political focal point for climate change activities and a national coordinating committee, technical working group and management unit were established, as a result of the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare this national communication Activity The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), page 112
A20 a Activities Uruguay Established a Climate Change Unit with support from the GEF through two institutional strengthening projects, with UNDP acting as implementing agency of both projects Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 9
A22 a Activities Viet Nam The government designated the Hydro-Meteorological Service as the focal point for activities relating to the implementation of the Convention and a National Team on Climate Change has been established Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 84-85
A23 a Activities Zambia The National Climate Change Steering Committee was formed to guide the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare this national communication, and also to provide policy guidelines in general Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 20
A24 a Activities Inner Mongolia Will contribute $A 10.35m to Alxa League Environmental Rehabilitation/Management Programme in Inner Mongolia Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 92
A25 a Activities Solomon Islands Contributed $A 6 million to the Solomon Islands Forestry Management Project aimed at implementing the Solomon Islands 1999 Forestry Act Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 92
A26 a Activities Belize/Regional Supported the creation of the regional Centre on Climate Change in Belize Italian Report on Demonstrable Progress under Article 3.2 of the Kyoto Protocol (2006), page 55
A27 a Activities Various Supporting environmental centre projects in 6 countries including China and energy conservation projects in Thailand, Turkey, Iran and Poland Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
A28 a Activities South Asia The US government's South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy promotes regional energy security through trade, investment and access to clean energy and achieves this through policy intervention, feasibility studies and demonstration projects promoting the use of clean energy resources Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 2
B - Enhancement and/or creation of an enabling environment
B07 b Activities India Assistance is require to integrate scientific assessments and link them with policy-making, including increased capacity to use integrated assessment models Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 229-230
B09 b Activities Mozambique The Inter-Institutional National Climate Change Group requires capacity building to fulfil its role of disseminating national activities and other relevant information to the community Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), page 108
B16 b Activities Macedonia Requires assistance to establish a special body that would be responsible for energy efficiency and renewable energy sources and have the capacity to perform the duties identified Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 117
B10 b Integration Pakistan :require financial and technical assistance to enhance capacity to formulate, plan and integrate climate change concerns into government activities Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 74
B12 b Integration Solomon Islands The development of a national policy framework, which integrates environmental considerations into development planning, is required Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 32
B06 b Legal frameworks Comoros Requires assistance to integrate climate change concerns into legislation Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
B04 b Legal frameworks Azerbaijan Requires financial support to develop a national legislative framework for dealing with climate change issues Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
B02 b Legal frameworks Antigua and Barbuda There is a need to establish a legal framework for institutionalizing sustainable energy management, to include appropriate legal arrangements to deal with issues arising from the implementation of the CDM Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 31
B13 b Legal frameworks Solomon Islands Require assistance to formulate a climate change policy that has a legal framework to undertake the required activities for meeting the obligations of the Solomon Islands under the UNFCCC Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 49
B04 b Legal frameworks Azerbaijan Requires financial support to develop a national legislative framework for dealing with climate change issues Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
B03 b Transport Antigua and Barbuda Require assistance with the development and implementation of a road transportation master plan aimed inter alia at sustainable transportation and GHG mitigation Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 33
B05 b Adaptation Comoros Requires assistance to develop the necessary legal and policy framework to implement adaptation measures Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
B11 b SD Sierra Leone Require technical, technological and financial support to develop measures which integrate climate change considerations into sustainable development strategies and actions Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 147
B01 b Activities Albania Received support and was enabled to prepare its draft Energy Strategy through the EU-funded PHARE project Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 125
B08 b Activities Mozambique Receiving support from UNEP to address the environmental benefits of the legal reform programme Activity Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), page 95
B14 b Activities Suriname Participated in the first phase of The Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Program in 1996 aimed at providing assistance with the implementation of the climate change studies and the realisation of a climate policy Activity Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), pages 73-74
B15 b Activities Suriname The second Phase of The Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Program is now in preparation and will focus on the preparation, formulation, implementation and evaluation of climate change policy Activity Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 74
B17 b Activities Viet Nam The National Environmental Protection Strategy for 2001-2010 is relevant to climate change issues in several ways: through managing and controlling air, water and noise pollution in industrial enterprises, implementing a clean production strategy, promoting forestation in watersheds, etc. Lessons learned Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 86-87
B18 b Activities Asia-Pacific Region Participates in the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate which inter alia seeks to promote and create an enabling environment for technology transfer Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 95
B19 b Activities Costa Rica The Canada-Costa Rica Agreement on Environmental Cooperation 2001 aims to create a framework to better conserve, protect and enhance the environment of the countries through cooperation and effective enforcement of environmental laws Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), page 181
B20 b Activities Pacific Region Contributed DKK 11 million to a regional project to promote sustainable national energy policy with associated action and investment Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 228
B21 b Activities Malaysia Providing DKK 31.8 million for the project "renewable energy and making energy more efficient in Malaysia", which inter alia aims to provide capacity building for the development and implementation of climate-friendly national energy planning and policies in Malaysia Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 363
B22 b Activities Various Providing EUR 6.3 million for the second phase of the Netherlands Climate Assistance Programme aimed at climate change policy making Financing Fourth Netherland's National Communication (2005), pages 102 - 104
B23 b Activities Pacific Region Providing financial support to Pacific regional agencies in their development of climate change-related regional policies, strategies and partnership initiatives Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 132
B24 b Activities USA The Lessons Learned and Emerging Good Practices in Infrastructure from Guarantee Programs under the Development Credit Authority assessment aimed to identify and document past experiences, lessons learned, good practices and successes in order to develop guiding principles and recommendations for infrastructure-related financing in the areas of water, energy and environment Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 2
B25 b Activities USA Publishes the Empowering Development: Learn how Energy contributes to Economic, Social and Human Development series Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 3
B26 b Activities USA The World Resources Institute in partnership with two Indian organisations developed the Electricity Governance Toolkit, which is a pilot methodology to be used to conduct pilot assessments of governance of the electricity sector in countries Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 3
C - National communications
C06 c Activities China Urgently needs funds, information and technologies to support its national communication preparation Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 148
C07 c Activities India Require funding to enable the conduct of the various activities needed to enable preparation of the second national communication, as well as funding for the preparation of the national communication itself Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 216-221
C11 c Activities Nigeria Require support to implement 2 projects that have been developed to fill gaps that currently exist, in order as to improve the quality of the national communications Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 101-103
C13 c Activities South Africa Require the establishment of permanent institutional arrangements to facilitate the preparation of future national communications Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), page 94
C15 c Activities Macedonia Require additional funding from UNDP-GEF to maintain and enhance national capacities to prepare national communications Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 130
C01 c Activities Albania The national capacity to prepare NCs was built through the learning by doing process and through various workshops (national and regional), training sessions and other meetings (training and consultative) held during the project phase I cycle of the GEF-funded project to prepare their 1st NC Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 123-125
C02 c Activities Albania Attended 2 workshops of the Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) on national communications from non-Annex I parties, organized by the CGE and the UNFCCC Secretariat and held in Panama in 2001 and Germany in 2002 Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 124
C03 c Activities Albania Has received additional GEF funding under the Operational Guidelines for Expedited Financing of Climate Change Enabling Activities Phase II to maintain and enhance national capacities to prepare NCs Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 125
C04 c Activities Albania Identifies some problems experienced during the preparation of the 1st NC, which affect capacity to prepare NCs. These problems are listed in (e) 3 - 5 below; Lessons learned First National Communication of Albania (2002)
C05 c Activities Antigua and Barbuda The GEF Enabling Activity programme provided capacity building to prepare the country's Initial National Communication Activity Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 54
C08 c Activities Malawi Received funding and support to prepare its first national communication Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 1
C09 c Activities Mexico Prepared this third national communication with support from the GEF through UNDP, from the US Environmental Protection Agency and from the Mexican government Activity Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 33
C10 c Activities Nepal Received funding from the GEF in August 2000 to prepare its initial national communication Activity Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), page 128
C12 c Activities Solomon Islands Received financial support from the UNFCCC enabling activities project to collect the necessary information for the preparation of this national communication Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), pages 15-16
C14 c Activities Macedonia National representatives participated in thematic regional workshops, which were aimed to support the process of preparing national communications and organised by the National Communications Support Programme Activity Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 130
C16 c Activities Viet Nam Received funding from the GEF to develop this initial national communication Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 86
C17 c Activities USA Supports the work of the Local Governments for Sustainability association whose Africa Cities for Climate Protection Campaign assists cities to adopt policies and implement measures to inter alia reduce local GHG emissions Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 3-4
D - National climate change programmes
D05 d Establishment Nigeria National climate change committees and programmes should be established and strengthened, to perform the activities identified Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 92-93
D02 d Establishment Antigua and Barbuda GEF funding needed for capacity building to develop and maintain a climate change programme Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 59
D04 d Consolidation Mexico Require financial and technological assistance to consolidate the National Climate Action Strategy, in particular, support for the activities identified Need Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 40
D07 d Implementation Macedonia Require financial and technical assistance, as well as capacity building, to implement the climate change National Action Plan (NAP) and demonstration projects which are aimed mainly at GHG emissions reduction, and to overcome the identified barriers to the implementation of the NAP Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), pages 112-122
D08 d Implementation Tonga Require financial and technical assistance to implement the national response to climate change, in particular, funding for staff training, for workshops, for research, for preparing public awareness materials and for undertaking an adaptation/mitigation pilot project Need The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), page 116
D09 d Training UAE The National Action Plan requires capacity building for the Executive Committee and the strengthening of other institutional capabilities through training courses, workshops and seminars, the development of a climate change information centre and increased public awareness raising among all stakeholders Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), pages 65-66
D11 d Training Tanzania Requires financial and technical assistance, capacity building, training on key steps in plan development, particularly at the review stage of the plan, technical literature on plans and technology assessment, institutional strengthening and other issues related to the implementation of the National Action Plan, as identified Need United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), pages 69-70
D01 d Activities Albania One output of the GEF-funded project to prepare the 1st NC was the National Climate Change Action Plan, the preparation of which also contributed to national capacity Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 123
D03 d Activities The Gambia A training workshop was held on the preparation of national climate change action plans, as part of the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the initial national communication Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 131-132 and 134
D06 d Activities Solomon Islands National implementation strategies will be formulated as a final component of the financial assistance given to the Solomon Islands through the UNFCCC enabling activities project Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 16
D10 d Activities Tanzania A National Action Plan on Climate Change has been developed and will be integrated with other national development plans and programmes Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 68
D12 d Activities Viet Nam Formulated a National Programme to implement the UNFCCC, including strategy, policy, action plan, adaptation measures and access to financial resources Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
D13 d Activities Viet Nam Participated in the GEF-funded project "Training on Climate Change - CC: Train" from 1994-1995, under which a preliminary policy for the implementation of the Convention was developed Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
D14 d Activities China Provided funding support to China in the development of its first National Climate Change Strategy Financing Norway's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 76
D15 d Activities India, China The United State Government's Integrated Environmental Strategies program supports integrated planning to address local environmental concerns and global GHG emissions. Various lessons are also identified, involving inter alia stakeholder participation, use of models, planning, education and outreach Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 4
E - Greenhouse gas inventories, emission database management, and systems for collecting, managing and utilizing activity data and emission factors
E03 e Institutional Albania Identifies some institutional constraints and needs including and also identifies needs and solutions to the problems identified: Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 128
E12 e Institutional Bahrain Various actions are required to enhance the accuracy of Bahraini national GHG emissions inventory, including institutional strengthening, improvement of local emissions factors and improved data availability and quality in specific sectors Need Bahrain's Initial Communications to the UNFCCC (2005), pages 15-16
E19 e Institutional India Requires financial support and assistance with the setting up of appropriate institutional frameworks to improve the GHG preparation process and the quality of data Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 205-206
E38 e Institutional Sudan Requires capacity building for institutional strengthening, in particular, to establish a national system to develop protocols for GHG data collection, monitoring, reporting and verification, and to ensure that the system is both sustainable and of high quality Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 33
E21 e Institutional India Requires support, including financial and technical support, to overcome the technical, financial and institutional barriers to establishing a dedicated forest and GHG inventory programme, to enable the collection of relevant data in the LULUCF sector and perform the identified activities Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 208-212
E04 e Lack of data Albania Identifies some technical constraints and needs, relating to availability, reliability and variability of activity data and emissions factors. Specifically, there is a lack of activity data or of disaggregated activity data in some sectors and also, most of the default emissions factors used do not reflect the Albanian situation Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 128 - 130
E47 e Lack of data UAE Requires assistance to fill current gaps in available data, through relevant assessments and studies particularly in the sectors identified Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), pages 33-34
E39 e Lack of data Sudan Requires capacity strengthening on the energy demand and supply sides, particularly to improve data collection and quality and the availability of data in the various sectors identified Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume II - Appendix (2003), pages 161-164
E15 e Data management Fiji Establishment of formal data banks and information-gathering mechanisms required to improve the availability of data required for preparing GHG inventories Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 53
E44 e Data management UAE : a reliable and verifiable GHG emissions database and a national system for GHG data collection, monitoring, reporting and verification are required Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), page 33
E27 e Data management Nigeria A project to develop National Emissions Data Systems has been developed and should be implemented to improve the process of data collection and archiving Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 103-104
E41 e Data management Macedonia Capacity building is required to build the national emission inventory system and improve methods and procedures for improving the quality of the inventory Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
E45 e Data management UAE Requires capacity building in methods and tools for ensuring that an inventory updating system is sustainable and of high quality Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), page 33
E33 e Data management South Africa Requires assistance with the preparation of GHG inventories, particularly in the areas identified, such as capacity for national air pollution and monitoring, project management, sectoral data collection and submission coordination, database design, management and maintenance, data analysis and technical report writing Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), pages 52 & 93
E05 e Methodology and emission factors Albania Identifies some methodological constraints and needs, especially with relation to incompatibility or unavailability of IPCC methodology for certain sectors and lack of training on available models Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 129-130
E09 e Methodology and emission factors Azerbaijan Requires financial support for the development of research methodology on inventory of fugitive gases Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
E46 e Methodology and emission factors UAE Requires the development and use of local GHG emission factors in place of the IPCC default values Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), page 33
E37 e Methodology and emission factors Sudan There is a need for development and improvement of local emissions factors, in order to enhance the GHG inventory and data quality and to address the gaps in the data available Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), pages 33 and 86
E26 e Methodology and emission factors Nigeria Nigeria: there is a need to implement new studies on local emission factors estimations and improved data collection to improve GHG inventory data quality Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 38
E25 e Methodology and emission factors Nepal Require capacity building to enable local institutions to develop local emission factors for inventory assessment in different sectors Need Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), page 131
E06 e Training Albania Identifies a lack of trained personnel and sufficient financial resources as a constraint Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 129-130
E11 e Training The Bahamas Requires training in methodologies for the preparation of GHG inventories Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 85
E14 e Training China Requires financial and technological support to provide training for specialists involved in GHG inventory preparation, including training on data collection Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), pages 148-149
E18 e Training The Gambia The national task force responsible for GHG inventories requires further capacity building in the preparation of GHG inventories Need First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 135
E43 e Training Tonga Requires increased capacity building, training and research on GHG inventory preparation and financial assistance to carry out future GHG inventory updates Need The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), page 52
E30 e Training Sierra Leone The National Task Force requires increased capacity building in the preparation of GHG inventories, including the use of the 1996 Revised IPCC Guidelines and the emission factors contained in the guidelines Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 140
E08 e Funding Azerbaijan Requires financial support for the improvement of GHG inventories Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 83
E10 e General support The Bahamas Requires assistance to create SIDS-friendly national database and monitoring systems Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 69
E13 e General support China Requires support for the preparation of GHG inventories because of the difficulties and complexity involved Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 148
E20 e General support India Requires sustained financial, technical and technological assistance and support to address the various problems encountered during the preparation of the national GHG inventory, such as problems with data collection Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 205-208, 217-219 and 221
E16 e Research Fiji Further research, including field studies, is required to improve the quality of future GHG inventories Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 53
E28 e Research Nigeria Several projects have been developed aimed at improved data collection and data availability, to improve the quality and accuracy of GHG inventories Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 104-106
E29 e Research Pakistan Requires financial and technical assistance to improve the quality and availability of data for GHG inventories, the development of emissions factors and inventory methodologies suitable for local conditions, as well as training for staff to improve data collection, management and dissemination capacity Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 72
E01 e Activities Albania The process of preparing the 1st NC helped build national capacities through the preparation of greenhouse gas inventory and related activities, and also through various workshops that were held as part of the GEF-funded project Lessons learned First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 123-125
E02 e Activities Albania Expected to participate in the GEF-funded project 'capacity building for improving the quality of GHG inventories (Europe/CIS region)' Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 126
E07 e Activities Antigua and Barbuda The GEF Enabling Activity programme provided capacity building to develop and institutionalise the country's initial GHG inventory Activity Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 54
E17 e Activities The Gambia Received training on national GHG inventory development, during the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the initial national communication Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 129 and 134
E22 e Activities Malawi Received GHG inventory training as part of the US Country Studies Programme Activity Initial National Communication of Malawi (2002), page 64
E23 e Activities Malawi Received funding to prepare GHG inventories Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 1
E24 e Activities Mexico Received funding from GEF and the US Environmental Protection Agency for the preparation of this third national communication, which allowed the improvement and update of the emissions inventory Activity Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 33
E31 e Activities Solomon Islands Received financial support from the UNFCCC enabling activities project to provide training to personnel to undertake GHG inventories using the 1996 Revised IPCC Guidelines and a national GHG inventory was completed using the available data and information Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), pages 15-16
E32 e Activities Solomon Islands With the financial support received from the UNFCCC enabling activities project, the country was able to identify information and data gaps for GHG inventories and put in place a pilot mechanism for data recording, reporting and collection Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 15
E34 e Activities Sudan A team of national experts was formed under the Climate Change Enabling Project in the Higher Council for Environment and Natural Resources, to compile the GHG inventory for Sudan Activity Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 20
E35 e Activities Sudan The team of national experts for the preparation of the GHG inventory received basic organisational assistance, training and the materials and tools necessary to prepare the inventory Activity Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 20
E36 e Activities Sudan UNITAR designed and prepared a 1 week training programme on GHG inventory methodology for the team of national experts who compiled the GHG inventory Activity Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 20
E40 e Activities Suriname The National Institute for Environment and Development in Suriname conducted various training workshops in GHG emissions inventory preparation, which were facilitated by a team of Canadian consultants, during the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the first national communication of Suriname Activity Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 74
E42 e Activities Macedonia Will participate in the GEF-funded project "Capacity Building for Improving the Quality of GHG Inventories (Europe/CIS Region)" Activity Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 130
E48 e Activities Uruguay Conducting a research project on mitigation of methane emissions generated Uruguayan ruminants, which will help provide Uruguay-specific methane emissions factors, thereby helping to improve the quality of subsequent GHG inventories. The project is co-financed by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Uruguayan National Institute for Agriculture Research Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 37
E49 e Activities Viet Nam Received funding from the Asian Development Bank for the project "Climate Change in Asia - Viet Nam" implemented from 1992-1994, which inter alia conducted the national GHG inventory in 1990 Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
E50 e Activities Viet Nam Participated in the UNDP/GEF/ADB funded project "Asian Least-Cost GHG Abatement Strategies" from 1995-1997, which strengthened the country's capacity to conduct national GHG inventories, amongst other things Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 85-86
E51 e Activities Various Established and funds training courses aimed inter alia at enabling developing countries to create the technology needed to maintain GHG inventories. 205.41 million yen was committed in 1997-2004 Financing Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 214 & 235
E52 e Activities Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa Supports the Local Governments for Sustainability association, which developed the Harmonized Emissions Analysis Tool and which inter alia quantifies GHG and air pollution emissions and provides emissions quantification support; supported the dissemination of the tool in Brazil, India, Indonesia and South Africa Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 4 - 5
E53 e Activities Mexico, Brazil, the Philippines Working with the World Resources Institute to broaden the application of the Corporate GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard tool Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 5
E54 e Activities Central America Working with Central American countries to implement a programme to improve the quality and sustainability of national GHG inventories in the region, and various lessons have been gained from the activity, which are identified Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 5
F - Vulnerability and adaptation assessment
F40 f Assessment methods Macedonia Capacity building is required to develop and implement methods for assessment of impact, sensitivity and vulnerability to climate change Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
F21 f Project development India Requires financial assistance to convert the vulnerability and adaptation assessment project concepts listed in the national communication, into specific projects for funding Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 216, 222-227
F26 f Concrete projects Nigeria Six specific projects have been developed and require implementation, aimed at assessments of flood, droughts and storm risks and impacts and the impact of climate change on food security Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 106-114
F04 f General Albania Identifies some problems and needs relating to the conduct of vulnerability and adaptation assessments, including institutional, technical, methodological, financial and staffing needs [see also (e) 2 above] Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), pages 130 - 131
F24 f General Nepal Requires support to conduct further research and development on vulnerability and impact assessments, particularly in the agriculture, water resources and forest sectors Need Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), pages 127-128
F15 f General Fiji Require financial and technical support to implement a project aimed at improving the capacity of relevant ministries to conduct vulnerability and adaptation assessments Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 44-45
F37 f General Solomon Islands Require financial and technical assistance, training and capacity building to meet the needs identified, including increased data availability and regional and national projections of climate and sea level changes, development of national/regional climate change impact models, etc. Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), pages 40-41
F08 f Funding Azerbaijan Requires financial support to conduct biodiversity vulnerability assessments Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
F09 f Funding Azerbaijan Requires financial support to conduct vulnerability assessments of the Kura river water resources Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
F07 f Funding Azerbaijan Requires financial support to conduct additional vulnerability and adaptation assessments for the agriculture, forestry and fishing sectors Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
F30 f Funding Pakistan Requires financial assistance to implement various research projects on water resources, aimed inter alia at assessing the impact of climate change on water resources Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), pages 75-77
F20 f Funding India Requires support to address the various constraints to making vulnerability and adaptation assessments, including lack of financial resources and trained manpower Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 212-213, 219-221 and 227
F12 f Training The Bahamas Require training in the conduct of vulnerability and adaptation assessments Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 85
F10 f Training The Bahamas Requires capacity building for the creation of the necessary skills to conduct vulnerability and adaptation assessments in specific sectors and to produce national assessments of vulnerability and adaptation Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 69
F11 f Training The Bahamas Require training and support to undertake inventory, economic valuation and risk assessments of coastal resources and coastal zones Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 85
F25 f Training Nepal Requires capacity building for local institutions to develop the necessary skills to conduct comprehensive vulnerability and impact assessments Need Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), page 131
F38 f Training South Africa Requires capacity building to prepare national vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies and specific needs have been identified including report writing and climate science capacities Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), pages 52 & 93
F16 f Models Fiji The current climate change model used for vulnerability assessments needs to be developed and refined to increase its reliability Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 53-54
F29 f Models Pakistan Capacity building is required to increase capacity to conduct vulnerability and impact assessments, particular in the specified areas, such as modelling Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 73
F19 f Models The Gambia Further capacity building is required for the members of the National Climate Committee to increase their technical capacity and skills to conduct vulnerability assessments. Members require training in modelling and models Need First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 135-136 and 144
F33 f Models Sierra Leone The national climate change unit requires capacity building to increase the technical capacity and skills of its members to conduct comprehensive climate vulnerability and impacts assessments, including the capacity to build models for the Sierra Leonean environment and ecosystems Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), pages 140-141 & 148
F31 f Models Saudi Arabia Requires capacity building and funding for long term ecological studies and development of local predictive models in order to improve the quality of vulnerability and impact assessment findings Need First National Communication of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2005), page 21
F36 f Models Solomon Islands Require assistance to fill the information and knowledge gaps identified in order to increase understanding of climate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), pages 33-34
F01 f Activities Albania Received UNEP/MAP financing for "an assessment of implications of expected impacts of climate changes for the Albanian coast", finalized in 1995 Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 125
F02 f Activities Albania A workshop on vulnerability and adaptation methods and models was organized in 2000 as part of the GEF-funded project for the preparation of the Albanian 1st NC Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 124
F03 f Activities Albania A regional workshop on vulnerability and adaptation assessment was held in Moldova in 2000 organised by UNDP-GEF Activity First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 124
F05 f Activities Antigua and Barbuda Participated in the UNEP Country Studies on CC Impacts and Adaptations Assessment implemented in 1997-1998 which inter alia provided training on internationally accepted methods of climate impact assessment Activity Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 54
F06 f Activities Antigua and Barbuda The GEF Enabling Activity programme provided capacity building to undertake a vulnerability and adaptation assessment Activity Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 54
F13 f Activities Dominican Republic : conducted a climate change vulnerability and adaptation study in the areas of water resources, coastal zones, agriculture, forestry and health Activity Dominican Republic Initial National Communication (2003), page 43
F14 f Activities Fiji Participated in the "Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment for the Pacific Islands" training programme, which was a collaborative effort between several organisations and received financial support from New Zealand and Switzerland Activity Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 23
F17 f Activities The Gambia The National Climate Committee collaborated with the United States Country Studies Programme between 1993 and 1995 to conduct the vulnerability study on some economic sectors of The Gambia Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 124
F18 f Activities The Gambia A training workshop on vulnerability and adaptation assessment was organised for members of the National Climate Committee, as part of the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the initial national communication Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 129-130 and 134
F22 f Activities Malawi Received training in vulnerability and adaptation assessments as part of the US Country Studies Programme Activity Initial National Communication of Malawi (2002), page 64
F23 f Activities Malawi Received funding to prepare a vulnerability and adaptation assessments report Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 1
F27 f Activities Pakistan Participated in the Asian Development Bank funded project "Climate Change in Asia - Regional Study on Environmental Issues" implemented from 1992-1994, which conducted vulnerability assessments and suggested adaptation options Activity Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 67
F28 f Activities Pakistan Participated in the GEF-UNEP project "country case study on climate change impacts and adaptation assessment" which was implemented from 1996-1998); Activity Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003)
F32 f Activities Saudi Arabia A regional drought monitoring and early warning centre was established within the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment in 2003 to coordinate the results of all climate related studies Activity First National Communication of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2005), page 111
F34 f Activities Sierra Leone Cooperated with the governments of The Gambia, Ghana and Nigeria, which helped build Sierra Leonean capacity in relation to the acquisition and use of methodologies, particularly for climate impact assessments Activity Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 146
F35 f Activities Solomon Islands The financial resources received for the UNFCCC enabling activities project provided limited capacity building and training on vulnerability and adaptation assessments and enabled a national vulnerability and adaptation assessment to be undertaken Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 16
F39 f Activities Suriname The National Institute for Environment and Development in Suriname conducted various training workshops in abatement, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, which were facilitated by a team of Canadian consultants, during the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the first national communication of Suriname Activity Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 74
F41 f Activities Tanzania The Centre for Energy, Environment, Science and Technology in Tanzania received support from the US Country Studies Programme, the GEF and UNEP to conduct a climate change vulnerability study of Tanzania Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 28
F42 f Activities Uruguay Conducted climate change vulnerability studies covering the agriculture and coastal resources sectors with funding from the US Country Studies Program Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 37
F43 f Activities Uruguay Is currently participating in the implementation of three regional projects on climate change impacts and vulnerability and building capacity to assess these impacts and vulnerability. The projects are being supported by the Assessments of Impacts and Adaptation to Climate Change initiative Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 37
F44 f Activities Viet Nam Received funding from the Asian Development Bank for the project "Climate Change in Asia - Viet Nam" implemented from 1992-1994, which inter alia assessed the socio-economic impacts of climate change on Viet Nam[see also (e) 40]; Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
F45 f Activities Viet Nam Received funding from UNEP for the project "Potential impacts of climate change on socio-economy" from 1993-1995 Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
F46 f Activities Viet Nam The government of The Netherlands funded the project "Viet Nam Coastal Zone Vulnerability Assessment" from 1994-1995 under which Vietnamese coastal zone vulnerabilities due to sea level rise were estimated and some management solutions were suggested Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 85
F47 f Activities Zambia A vulnerability and adaptation study was conducted under the US Country Studies Programme in 1998 Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 38
F48 f Activities Australia Has provided $A 119 million since 2002 through its overseas aid programme, which is used in part for activities that help developing countries to adapt to climate change Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 90
F49 f Activities Pacific SIDS Funded a programme to help vulnerable Pacific SIDS monitor and adapt to climate change Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
F50 f Activities South Pacific SIDS Provides adaptation assistance to South Pacific SIDS to better understand and reduce their vulnerability to climate change Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
F51 f Activities South Pacific Provides disaster management support in the Pacific. Provided funding to help establish the South Pacific Disaster Reduction Programme Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
F52 f Activities Bhutan Contributed US$ 0.20 million to Bhutan in 2001 and 2002 and US$ 0.02 in 2003 Financing 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), pages 140-142
F53 f Activities Canada Contributed C$1 million to the Adaptive Policymaking for Agriculture and Water Resources project, which helps to assess the effect and effectiveness of adaptive policies, in order to facilitate and support future policymaking Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), page 174
F54 f Activities Various Funded various projects between 2001 and 2005, the implementation of which included adaptation vulnerability assessments Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), pages 113-120
F55 f Activities Egypt Provided US$ 7,900 to Egypt in 2003 for adaptation vulnerability analyses Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 154
F56 f Activities Jordan Provided US$ 7,900 to Jordan in 2003 for adaptation vulnerability analyses Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 154
F57 f Activities Lebanon Provided US$ 7,900 to Lebanon in 2003 for adaptation vulnerability analyses Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 154
F58 f Activities Syria Provided US$ 23,700 to Syria in 2003 for adaptation vulnerability analyses Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 154
F59 f Activities Turkey Provided US$ 130,500 to Turkey in 2002 for adaptation vulnerability analyses Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 154
F60 f Activities Latin America Supported the Climate Change and Natural Disasters Meeting in Ecuador in 2006 which focused on climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, prediction, monitoring and early warning systems Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 47-48
F61 f Activities India Providing CHF 2.6 million to India for the project "vulnerability assessment and enhancing adaptive capacity to climate change in semi-arid India" (2005-2008) Financing Switzerland's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 172
F62 f Activities Africa Announced funding of 100,000 towards regional predictions of climate change in Africa Financing The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 79
F63 f Activities India Funded a collaborative project with the Indian government for research into the impacts of climate change in India Financing The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 80-81 & 89
F64 f Activities United Kingdom The UK-Brazil working group on climate change was launched in 2006 which focuses inter alia on improved scientific collaboration on assessing climate change impacts Activity The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 80
F65 f Activities China Funding a bilateral research project in partnership with the Chinese government, investigating climate change impacts on Chinese agriculture Financing The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 81 & 89
F66 f Activities Africa Provided a total of US$ 1 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in Africa Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 90
F67 f Activities India Provided US$ 0.20 million in 2001 and US$ 0.04 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in India Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 92
F68 f Activities China Provided US$ 0.03 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in China Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 92
F69 f Activities The Philippines Provided US$ 0.06 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in the Philippines Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 93
F70 f Activities Armenia Provided US$ 3.70 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in Armenia Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 94
F71 f Activities Kazakhstan Provided US$ 0.08 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in Kazakhstan Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 94
F72 f Activities Ukraine Provided US$ 0.01 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in Ukraine Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 94
F73 f Activities Mexico Provided US$ 0.71 million in 2004 for adaptation vulnerability studies in Mexico Financing Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 97
F74 f Activities USA Published the Best Practices for Biodiversity and Tropical Forests Assessments guide aimed at assisting developing country partners conduct effective biodiversity and tropical forests assessments Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 5
F75 f Activities West Africa Supports the AGRHYMET Centre and twelve West African countries in collecting meteorological, hydrological and climatological data on a systematic basis Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 6
F76 f Activities USA Published the Biodiversity Conservation: A Guide for USAID staff and partners, which contains some principles for effective biodiversity conservation and also contains key questions for climate change Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 6
F77 f Activities USA The report "Watershed Valuation as a Tool for Biodiversity Conservation: Lessons Learned from Conservation Projects" is aimed at contributing to dialogues on how to protect important watersheds and the people and biodiversity that depend on them Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 6-7
G - Capacity building for implementation of adaptation measures
G02 g Funding Antigua and Barbuda GEF funding needed for the implementation of various adaptation measures including disaster management and early warning systems Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 60
G09 g Funding Comoros Requires financial assistance to implement adaptation measures. Five adaptation projects have been drafted and will cost around US$ 35 million to implement Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), pages 10-11
G03 g Coordination & framework Bahrain Capacity building is required for the Environmental Affairs agency to enable it play a major role in planning, coordinating and implementing adaptation measures Need Bahrain's Initial Communications to the UNFCCC (2005), page 21
G08 g Coordination & framework Comoros Requires assistance to develop the necessary framework to implement adaptation measures identified Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
G04 g General Bahrain Relevant scientific institutions, government and non-governmental agencies require capacity building for specific identified actions Need Bahrain's Initial Communications to the UNFCCC (2005), pages 21-23
G05 g General China Requires assistance in the form of technology transfer and capacity building to enable the implementation of adaptation measures in various economic and physical sectors Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), pages 152-153
G15 g General India There is a need for increased awareness raising, research, financial and technical support to implement adaptation measures Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 228-229
G24 g General Macedonia Capacity building is required to develop adaptation methods and measures Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
G06 g Training Comoros Requires assistance with training its experts on vulnerability, impact assessments and adaptation of the agriculture sector to climate change Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
G07 g Methodology Comoros Requires an assessment methodology suited to its agriculture sector to assess climate change risk Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
G13 g Methodology The Gambia Requires capacity building to execute methodological concepts of cost assessments of adaptation measures and to develop full adaptation projects Need First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 134
G10 g Identification of options Fiji Requires financial and technical support to increase the capacity of the government to identify appropriate adaptation policies and strategies Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 44-45
G19 g Identification of options Nepal Requires capacity building to enhance the ability of local institutions to select suitable adaptation options Need Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), page 131
G20 g Identification of options Pakistan Requires assistance with information sharing, education, training, technical and scientific research, to identify and implement adaptation options, including integrated coastal management and disaster mitigation Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 73
G23 g Identification of options Solomon Islands Require financial and technological assistance to identify climate change adaptation technologies suitable to Solomon Islands Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 42
G21 g Identification of options Pakistan Requires financial assistance to implement various research projects on water resources, agriculture, forestry, etc. aimed inter alia at assessing and implementing adaptation options and protecting water resources and food security[see (f)18]; Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), pages 75-80, 82-85
G22 g Identification of options Sierra Leone The national climate change unit lacks sufficient capacity to execute methodological concepts of cost assessments of adaptation options and develop full projects Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007);, page 139
G18 g Pilot projects Mozambique Pilot demonstration projects are required to provide capacity building for the implementation of adaptation projects, such as flood and erosion protection and prevention projects Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), pages 108-109
G01 g Concrete adaptation projects Antigua and Barbuda Require assistance for various activities involved in the construction of purpose-built storm shelters Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 58-59
G11 g Concrete adaptation projects Fiji Requires financial and technical support and capacity building for the relevant ministries to design and implement a project on watershed management for sucarcane drought-prone areas Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 45-46
G12 g Concrete adaptation projects Fiji Requires financial and technical support and capacity building for the relevant ministries to design and implement an integrated coastal zone management programme for Fiji Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 46
G14 g Activities India To receive capacity building in disaster reduction and recovery activities, including public awareness raising, education and training in disaster risk management, through the UNDP funded Disaster Risk Management Programme, initiated in 2002 Activity India's Initial National Communication (2004), page 166
G16 g Activities Mexico The funds received from GEF and the US Environmental Protection Agency supported the development of studies on adaptation to climate change Activity Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 33
G17 g Activities Mozambique A coastal zone management centre for the southern part of Mozambique has been created and has been operating on an experimental basis since 1997 with funding from the Danish International Development Agency Activity Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), pages 77-78
G25 g Activities Uruguay Developed Programme of General Measures for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change within the framework of the GEF-funded project to prepare this second national communication Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 23
G26 g Activities Uruguay Conducted studies to identify adaptation measures with funding from the US Country Studies Program Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 37
G27 g Activities Uruguay Received assistance from UNDP to execute a project for Prevention and Mitigation of Environmental Emergencies of Climatic Origin, aimed inter alia at developing risk management measures Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 39
G28 g Activities Australia Allocated $A 5.1 million over 2004 - 2008 to the Bilateral Climate Change Partnerships Programme, inter alia for capacity building to implement adaptation programmes. Arrangements for bilateral cooperation are in place with China, US, New Zealand, the EU and Japan Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
G29 g Activities Various Provides technical assistance for various activities aimed inter alia at reducing vulnerability and increasing adaptive capacities 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), page 138
G30 g Activities Austria O Provides technical support to assist the local population to carry out reforestation measures and eco-farming;
G31 g Activities Austria O Similar cooperation programmes are financed in Senegal, Mozambique and Ethiopia;
G32 g Activities Cape Verde Contributed US$ 0.12 to Cape Verde for capacity building in 2001, US$ 0.08 in 2002 and US$ 0.38 in 2003 Financing 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), pages 140-142
G33 g Activities South and Central Asia Contributed US$ 0.05 to South and Central Asia for capacity building in 2002, US$ 0.25 in 2003 and US$ 0.10 in 2004 Financing 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), pages 141-143
G34 g Activities Various Contributed about C$55.2 million to various developing countries for capacity building from 2000 - 2005 Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 185-191
G35 g Activities Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Egypt, Malaysia, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, South Africa, Thailand and Zambia Contributed a total of DKK 145.3 million to several countries for capacity building in 2003. This amount includes DKK 5.8 million for regional capacity building Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 221
G36 g Activities Benin, Bhutan, Cambodia, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa and Vietnam Contributed a total of DKK 80.9 million to several countries for capacity building in 2004. This amount includes DKK 14.3 for regional capacity building Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 222
G37 g Activities Vietnam Contributed DKK 26 million to Vietnam for coastal zone management, in 2004 Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 222
G38 g Activities Africa & Latin America Provided EUR 0.8 million in 2002 for adaptation capacity building in Africa and Latin America Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), page 113
G39 g Activities Various Funded various projects between 2001 and 2005, the implementation of which included adaptation capacity building Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), pages 113-120
G40 g Activities Ethiopia Provided US$ 4.2 million in 2004 and US$ 7.3 million in 2005 to Ethiopia for vulnerability/risk reduction Financing Ireland's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2007), page 75
G41 g Activities Africa & Asia Provided US$ 111,228 in 2003, in 2004 and in 2005 for capacity building Financing Ireland's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2007), page 75
G42 g Activities The Netherlands Contributed EUR 1.1 million to the adaptation capacity building activities of the System for Analysis Research and Training Financing Fourth Netherland's National Communication (2005), page 104
G43 g Activities Pacific Region Provided $NZ 0.33 million to the Pacific Region in 2002, $NZ 0.11 million in 2003 and $NZ 1.34 million in 2004 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 135-137
G44 g Activities Cambodia Provided $NZ 0.46 million to Cambodia in 2003 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 136
G45 g Activities Solomon Islands Provided $NZ 0.19 million to the Solomon Islands in 2003 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 136
G46 g Activities Uruguay Provided $NZ 0.03 million to Uruguay in 2003 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 136
G47 g Activities Tonga Provided $NZ 0.25 million to Tonga in 2004 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 137
G48 g Activities Fiji Provided $NZ 0.04 million to Fiji in 204 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 137
G49 g Activities Papua New Guinea Provided $NZ 0.09 million to Papua New Guinea in 2004 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 137
G50 g Activities Samoa Provided $NZ 0.04 million to Samoa in 2004 for adaptation capacity building Financing New Zealand's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 137
G51 g Activities Various Provided a total of SEK 512 million in 2002 and SEK 473 in 2003 for adaptation capacity building/research activities Financing Sweden's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), pages 96, 141-142
G52 g Activities Various Provided a total of SEK 46 million in 2002 and SEK 50 in 2003 for vulnerability reduction Financing Sweden's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), pages 96, 141-142
G53 g Activities Asia & Africa Supporting the project "advancing capacity to support climate change adaptation" and has pledged 0.3 million for start-up and 0.3 million for implementation of pilot actions Financing The UK's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 80
G54 g Activities Mexico Jointly initiated and supports the "Hermosillo Project: Vulnerability and Adaptation Support for Mexico" Activity Fourth National Communication of the USA (2006), page 86
G55 g Activities China Provided US$ 0.13 million in 2004 for adaptation capacity building in China Financing Fourth National Communication of USA (2006), page 92
G56 g Activities Kazakhstan Provided US$ 0.01 million in 2004 for adaptation capacity building in Kazakhstan Financing Fourth National Communication of USA (2006), page 95
G57 g Activities Ukraine Provided US$ 0.01 million in 2004 for adaptation capacity building in Ukraine Financing Fourth National Communication of USA (2006), page 95
G56 g Activities South Africa, Honduras, Mali Sponsoring projects used inter alia by three pilot studies to assess their vulnerability to climate change and identify adaptation options Financing United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 7
H - Assessment for implementation of mitigation options
H06 h Assessment and identification of options Azerbaijan Requires financial support to assess the potentials of voluntary commitments to reduce GHG emissions Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
H13 h Assessment and identification of options Nepal Requires capacity building to increase the ability of local institutions to select suitable mitigation options Need Nepal Initial National Communication (2004), page 131
H22 h Assessment and identification of options South Africa Requires capacity building to identify mitigation options, particularly capacity building in the areas identified, such as project management, policy research and the preparation of specific macro-economic modelling to evaluate the impact of various measures on the economy Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), pages 52 & 94
H02 h Assessment and identification of options Antigua and Barbuda Require a comprehensive wind energy resource assessment, which should involve the Electricity Utility and include long-term capacity building for the Utility Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 32
H14 h Assessment and identification of options Nigeria Has developed but not yet implemented a project to undertake a technology characterisation inventory to support the development of technology baselines and mitigation options Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 104
H15 h Assessment and identification of options Nigeria Requires GEF financial assistance to implement the project "assessment of CH4 emissions from leak facilities in the upstream oil and gas sector and options for reduction" aimed inter alia at assessing mitigation options Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), pages 105-106
H18 h Cost assessment Sierra Leone The national climate change unit lacks sufficient capacity to execute methodological concepts of cost assessments of mitigation options and develop full projects Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 139
H09 h Cost assessment The Gambia Requires capacity building to execute methodological concepts of cost assessments of mitigation measures and to develop full mitigation projects Need First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 134
H01 h Energy Antigua and Barbuda Require assistance with regard to the implementation of energy efficiency awareness programmes, demand side management, etc. In particular the Electricity Utility requires assistance and support with implementing these mitigation options Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 31-32
H04 h Energy Antigua and Barbuda Requires assistance with various identified activities aimed at promoting sustainable energy in line with the ultimate objective of the Convention Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 57-58
H05 h Energy Antigua and Barbuda GEF funding needed to carry out various energy efficiency/renewable energy activities Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 60
H24 h Energy UAE Requires training and capacity building to implement the GHG mitigation options identified, including training in various areas such as energy audits, computerised modelling of energy flows in buildings and factories, etc. Need The United Arab Emirates Initial National Communication (2006), page 61
H12 h Energy Mozambique Pilot demonstration projects are required to provide capacity building for the implementation of mitigation projects, such as renewable energy projects Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), pages 108-109
H07 h Energy Fiji Requires financial and technical support to implement measures aimed at promoting renewable energy use Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 43-44, 53
H03 h Transport Antigua and Barbuda Require assistance with the development and implementation of a road transportation master plan aimed inter alia at sustainable transportation and GHG mitigation[see also (b) iii]; Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 33
H21 h Integration Sudan Requires assistance to integrate mitigation options into national planning Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume II - Appendix (2003), page 162
H20 h General Sudan Requires continued capacity building and training in GHG mitigation analysis for the staff of the climate change office Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume II - Appendix (2003), page 162
H23 h General Macedonia Capacity building is required to develop and implement mitigation options including to develop emission abatement analyses, emission projections and strategies, programmes and plans on different levels Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
H30 h Concrete projects Viet Nam Has developed a project to improve cooking stoves of the rural-mountainous community, and activities include developing the relevant institutional framework, conducting an investigation and feasibility study for pilot sites, setting up systematic dissemination on mass media, providing training and technology transfer. The project budget is US$ 350,000 and expected duration is 2003-2009, comprising 3 phases Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 113-114
H29 h Concrete projects Viet Nam Has designed a project to encourage the use of renewable energy resources in rural areas, aimed at developing a cooperative programme among relevant agencies to remove the barriers to renewable energy and introducing renewable energy technologies. The project budget is US$ 460,000 and implementation duration is 2003-2005 Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 110
H31 h Concrete projects Viet Nam Has developed a project for research on cogeneration technology from biomass fuel, aimed at strengthening capacity to use local biomass fuel and creating an alternative electricity and heat supply source. The project budget is US$ 135,000 and the expected duration of 3 years from 2003-2006 Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 117-118
H32 h Concrete projects Viet Nam Developed a project on energy conservation and saving in small and medium-sized enterprises which aims to provide capacity building for relevant energy saving activities and technologies, provide training for energy auditors and managers, etc. The estimated budget is US$ 1.5 million and the implementation duration is 3 years from 2003-2005 Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 119-120
H10 h Concrete projects Iran Increased energy efficiency-related research, education and public awareness raising is required, including the establishment of a national energy conservation research centre and the provision of training to specific stakeholders Need Islamic Republic of Iran Initial National Communication (2003), pages 115-116
H08 h Activities The Gambia A training workshop on the assessment of GHG mitigation options was held as part of the implementation of the GEF-funded project to prepare the national communication Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 129 and 134
H11 h Activities Mexico The funds received from the GEF and the US Environmental Protection Agency support the development of climate change mitigation studies Activity Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 33
H16 h Activities Pakistan Receiving GEF funding for the "commercialisation of wind power potential in Pakistan" project, which is aimed at promoting the use of wind power and identifying and removing barriers to the commercialisation of wind energy Activity Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), pages 65-66
H17 h Activities Pakistan Participated in the Asia Least Cost Abatement Strategy project funded by the Asian Development Bank Activity Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 67
H19 h Activities Solomon Islands Received financial support from the UNFCCC enabling activities project to undertake regional mitigation options on energy Activity Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 16
H25 h Activities Tanzania Received support from the German Technical Agency to conduct a study on technological and other GHG mitigation options and received support from GEF/UNEP to update the study Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 17
H26 h Activities Uruguay Developed the Programme of General Measures for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change within the framework of the GEF-funded project to prepare this second national communication[see (g)xxiv]; Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 23
H27 h Activities Viet Nam Participated in the UNDP/GEF/ADB funded project "Asian Least-Cost GHG Abatement Strategies" from 1995-1997, which aimed inter alia at providing capacity building to assess mitigation options and develop GHG mitigation strategies with the least costs Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 85-86
H28 h Activities Viet Nam Participated in the GEF-funded project "Economics of GHG Limitations" which was implemented from 1997-1998, which aimed at establishing a methodology framework for assessing GHG abatement Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 86
H33 h Activities Zambia The African Development Bank and the German Technical Agency, on behalf of the Zambian government, conducted the National Energy Efficiency and Conservation Programme of Zambia in 1995 aimed at removing barriers to the implementation of energy efficiency and conservation measures Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 30
H34 h Activities Zambia The Department of Energy conducted the Status of Energy Conservation and Substitution in Zambia study in 1995, which aimed at improving energy efficiency in selected industries, through energy audits Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 30
H35 h Activities Australia Allocated $A 5.1 million over 2004 - 2008 to the Bilateral Climate Change Partnerships Programme, inter alia for capacity building to implement mitigation programmes. Arrangements for bilateral cooperation are in place with China, US, New Zealand, the EU and Japan[see (g)1]; Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
H36 h Activities Belgium Spent EUR 11.7 million in 2003 and EUR 7.6 million in 2004 on capacity building in agriculture and forestry, about 15% of which included a climate change component Financing Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
H37 h Activities Latin America & Caribbean Region Contributed C$1.1 million to the Landfill Gas Project in the Latin American and Caribbean region. The project was in operation from 2002 - 2005 and included capacity building in areas such as solid waste management practices Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 173-174
H38 h Activities Latin America & Caribbean Region Contributed C$4.8 million to the ARPEL (Regional Association of Oil and Natural Gas Companies in the LAC region) Environmental Project Phase III, which aimed at building the capacity of ARPEL members to develop and implement environmental protection technologies and address their social responsibilities in hydrocarbon producing areas Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), page 174
H39 h Activities Various Established and funds training courses aimed inter alia at enabling developing countries to create the necessary technology to formulate mitigation strategies. 205.41 million yen was committed in 1997-2004[see also (e)1]; Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 214 & 235
H40 h Activities India The Lawrence Berkeley National Lab is working with the city of Hyderabad in India to estimate inter alia potential GHG emissions and to demonstrate options for achieving this using cool roofs Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 8
H41 h Activities China, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam The ECO-Asia Clean Development and Climate Program is aimed inter alia at promoting investment in clean energy technologies Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 8
H42 h Activities Various including China, India The eeBuildings Program helps owners and managers of commercial buildings in developing countries improve their energy performance and reduce their GHG emissions, through a variety of activities including training and case studies. Several lessons gained from this programme have been identified Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 9
H43 h Activities USA Works with other organisations to share US experiences in promoting energy efficiency and inter alia assists with consumer education, standards development, government procurement and labelling. Lessons learned include the importance of labelling and procurement programmes, education, outreach and training, to promote energy efficiency Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 9
H44 h Activities USA Supports the Methane to Markets Partnership, which aims to reduce global methane emissions to inter alia reduce GHG emissions Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 10
I - Research and systematic observation, including meteorological, hydrological and climatological services
I19 i Research - general India Requires support and further development for the thematic research areas identified Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), pages 227-228
I05 i Research - general The Bahamas Identify a range of sector-specific research and information needs, which they require assistance to address Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 56-57
I16 i Research - general Fiji Financial support is required to conduct further research in specified areas to help reduce the gaps and uncertainties identified Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 55
I31 i Research - general Rwanda Requires financial and technical assistance to recruit and train staff, acquire equipment, etc. in order to improve research within Rwanda Need Republic of Rwanda Initial National Communication (2005), pages 67-68
I14 i Research - general Democratic People's Republic of Korea Technical and financial assistance is required to enhance the capacity of the Environment and Development Centre to carry out climate change-related studies Need DPRK's First National Communication (2000), page 59
I26 i Research - general Pakistan Requires assistance to implement various research projects, aimed at assessing and developing adaptation and mitigation options Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), pages 75-88
I43 i Research - general Suriname More research is required to be conducted, particularly in the identified areas, including water resources, swamp or forest ecosystems, etc. Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 81
I12 i Observation - General Comoros Capacity strengthening and the provision of relevant equipment is required for the Meteorological Service Agency to make it functional Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
I13 i Observation - General Comoros Currently has no climate change monitoring unit or institution Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
I04 i Observation - General Azerbaijan Requires financial support to develop and improve their climate monitoring system and carry out relevant observations Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
I11 i Observation - General China Require financial and technological support for the conduct of systematic observation and research. The kinds of technology required are specified Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), pages 153-154
I22 i Observation - General Mozambique Requires financial, technological and technical assistance, training and support to strengthen systematic observations and develop climate change-related databases within the country. In particular the country has the needs identified, in order to improve climate-related research and observation Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), page 104
I39 i Observation - General South Africa Requires capacity building for climate-related research and systematic observation, including research, synthesis and report writing capacities and expertise in systematic climate observation Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), page 52
I25 i Observation stations and networks Pakistan Technical and financial assistance is required to establish and upgrade systematic observation stations and environmental monitoring systems Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 74
I44 i Observation stations and networks Macedonia Assistance is required to improve research and quality of research data, including assistance to modernise existing information networks, to establish observation networks, etc. Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
I42 i Observation stations and networks Suriname Rehabilitation of the existing networks for hydrological and meteorological measurements and establishment of new observation networks for ecosystems, forests, pollution and socio-economics is required Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 80
I41 i Observation stations and networks Suriname Requires financial assistance and training to provide well-equipped and staffed observation networks for monitoring and research. The Meteorological Service Suriname requires assistance to strengthen its observation network, for which preparatory work is underway but is being delayed due to financial and staffing problems Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), pages 79-80
I18 i Observation stations and networks India Requires assistance to establish systematic observation networks to monitor GHGs, other trace gases and pollutants Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), page 221
I57 i Observation stations and networks Zambia Requires the improvement of the observational network stations by reducing the distance between stations to conform to the WMO's standard of 240 km Need Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 66
I37 i Observation stations and networks Solomon Islands Require financial and technological to implement a project to strengthen climate observations, data and information networks Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 43
I34 i Training and equipment Rwanda The hydrological service requires financial assistance and the provision of training and qualified staff, to improve observations, data collection and processing Need Republic of Rwanda Initial National Communication (2005), page 71
I32 i Training and equipment Rwanda Financial and technical support is required to provide adequate trained staff and necessary equipment and to establish a comprehensive weather observation network for the meteorological service in order to improve data collection and data availability Need Republic of Rwanda Initial National Communication (2005), page 71
I36 i Training and equipment Sierra Leone Requires financial and technical assistance and training, as well as necessary equipment to improve the recording and monitoring of climate data and phenomena. Needs include computer facilities, automatic recording equipment and facilities, training for experts, rehabilitation of observation networks, etc. Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), pages 133-134, 141 & 147-148
I46 i Training and equipment Tonga Requires the necessary equipment for monitoring climate change impacts on marine fisheries resources, such as salinity and DO meter, nutrients analysis instruments, current meter, etc., as well as training in database creation for data collection and analysis with modelling potential Need The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), page 103
I49 i Training and equipment Tanzania Requires equipment for monitoring GHGs and climate observations, funding for research and data interpretation, training for personnel and enhanced cooperation with international bodies, in order to improve systematic observation and the operation of the observing network Need United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), pages 57-58
I59 i Training and equipment Zambia Require assistance to overcome several problems affecting data collection and systematic observation, such as lack of sufficient observation systems in the country, lack of trained personnel and lack of equipment Need Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), pages 66-67
I55 i Forecasting and warning systems Viet Nam Require assistance for the development and strengthening of new and advanced technologies for timely forecast and warning of natural disasters Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 80
I23 i Forecasting and warning systems Nigeria The Nigerian Meteorological Agency face the problems of inadequate expertise, equipment and funding, particularly for modelling and weather prediction Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 91
I06 i Forecasting and warning systems The Bahamas The existing systematic observations are sufficiently detailed to meet the country's reporting needs, but some needs remain, including the need to develop new systems to monitor the anticipated weather changes Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 67
I45 i Data management Macedonia Capacity building is required in relation to collecting, archiving and using exchange data Need Macedonia's First National Communication (2003), page 126
I60 i Data management Zambia The Climate Data Bank and Services in Zambia need to be reorganised to meet the needs of the institutions involved in climate change studies, and collaboration with the Central Statistical Office should be strengthened Need Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 67
I01 i Limited scope Antigua and Barbuda Research and systematic observation constraints include restricted geographical scope for data collection due to financial and technical limitations, particularly in Barbuda and general budgetary constraints Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 52
I20 i Information exchange and access to information Iran Requires capacity building for improved communication and exchange of information amongst national institutions and international bodies, as well as training of experts and technical staff in various aspects of research and systematic observation Need Islamic Republic of Iran Initial National Communication (2003), page 112
I17 i Information exchange and access to information The Gambia Requires increased access to scientific information and climate data, through the provision or improvement of the meteorological and hydrological networks and other Need Initial National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 136
I03 i Concrete research projects Azerbaijan Requires financial support to conduct palaeographic research on climate change and Caspian sea level fluctuation Need Initial National Communication of Azerbaijan Republic on Climate Change (2000), page 84
I07 i Modelling The Bahamas There is a need to develop regional climate models scaled for Bahamian level examination of sector level impacts Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 69
I02 i Activities Antigua and Barbuda Received technical assistance from UNEP to implement a sea level monitoring programme Activity Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 52
I08 i Activities China The Asian Development Bank sponsored the "Response Strategy on Global Climate Change in China" project, completed in 1994 and "Asia's Least-Cost GHG Abatement Strategy" project completed in 1998 Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
I09 i Activities China The research project "China: Issues and Options in GHG Emissions Control" was supported by UNDP and GEF and completed in 1994 Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
I10 i Activities China The research project "Targeted Research Related to Climate Change" was financed by the GEF Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
I15 i Activities Fiji A seasonal rainfall prediction model for Fiji was designed with funding from AUSAID (Australia) Activity Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 50-51
I21 i Activities Mexico Supporting research and systematic observation within the country by providing direct support to research projects, improving the infrastructure for systematic observation and data processing, activities in climate modelling and participating in the global observation networks Activity Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), page 39
I24 i Activities Nigeria The Federal Ministry of Environment - University Linkage Centre for Climate Change carries out climate data banking, research, training, etc. Activity Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 92
I27 i Activities Republic of Korea Proposed and contributed about $100,000 towards the establishment of the APEC Climate Network for exchanging climate-related information, monitoring and predicting climate change in the Asia-Pacific region Activity Second National Communication of the Republic of Korea (2003), page 93
I28 i Activities Republic of Korea Is supporting and conducting several research projects on renewable energy, energy equipment and process technologies, carbon dioxide reduction and sequestration technology, transportation, agriculture, atmosphere and the environment, etc. within the country Activity Second National Communication of the Republic of Korea (2003), pages 1010-106
I29 i Activities Republic of Korea Currently operates 89 observatories, 435 sites with automated meteorological observation instruments, 5 meteorological buoys, 2 light beacon stations and 1 meteorological observation ship Activity Second National Communication of the Republic of Korea (2003), page 106
I30 i Activities Republic of Korea The Korea Forest Research Institute has established research sites as subjects for the study and monitoring of the forestry ecosystem Activity Second National Communication of the Republic of Korea (2003), page 108
I35 i Activities Sierra Leone The recently established Climate Change Project Secretariat is conducting a series of climate change-related studies in collaboration with the Universities of Sierra Leone and Njala and some government institutions Activity Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 130
I38 i Activities South Africa The Southern Africa Regional Science Initiative is a research project initiated in 1999 to understand the linkages between natural and anthropogenic emissions, to understand southern Africa emissions transport mechanisms and the impact of emissions on the environment Activity South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), page 50
I40 i Activities Suriname The Meteorological Service Suriname, together with other Departments and Institutions, was involved as Coordinator in the "Country Study Climate Change Suriname" project from 1997-1999, which was a joint contribution of The Netherlands and Surinamese scientists Activity Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 78
I47 i Activities Tonga Received computers and other equipment from the Australian government-funded project on climate and sea level monitoring, as well as the installation of tide gauge and global positioning systems Activity The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), page 112
I48 i Activities Tanzania Operates 24 full meteorological stations, 8 atmospheric chemistry, 13 agro-meteorological, 110 climate and about 1400 rainfall stations Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 57
I50 i Activities Tanzania Research on climate-related issues is carried out by two universities, two research institutes and a college Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 58
I51 i Activities Tanzania The Professorial Chair in Energy Technology and Management, established in 1996 by the University of Dar es Salaam, sponsors a few students to undertake Masters and PhD research programmes on energy and climate change at the University Activity United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 58
I52 i Activities Uruguay Has a National Network of Meteorological, Climatic and Environmental Observation which carries out systematic and standardised observation Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 39
I53 i Activities Viet Nam Has carried out the planning of observation networks to conduct measurements of meteorological, hydrological and environmental factors, particularly planning and building weather stations which when completed, will monitor the weather in Viet Nam Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), page 79
I54 i Activities Viet Nam Systems for the transmission, collecting and processing of data have been gradually modernised and databases have been established to serve the requirements of economic development and these have contributed to research into climate variation and change tendencies Activity Viet Nam Initial National Communication (2003), pages 79-80
I56 i Activities Zambia : the Zambia Meteorological Department currently operates over 40 observational network stations for collecting climate data Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 66
I58 i Activities Zambia Has conducted a number of studies on GHG inventories, mitigation analysis, vulnerability and adaptation and policy framework, which various ministries and institutions participated in Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), page 66
I61 i Activities Australia Has contributed over $A 0.2 million since its 3rd NC, to the IPCC for various activities, including developing country participation at IPCC meetings, workshops and capacity building activities Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
I62 i Activities Australia Allocated $A 5.1 million over 2004 - 2008 to the Bilateral Climate Change Partnerships Programme, inter alia to improve scientific understanding of climate change. Arrangements for bilateral cooperation are in place with China, US, New Zealand, the EU and Japan Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
I63 i Activities South Pacific Funds the South Pacific Regional Environmental Programme and funds the South Pacific Sea Level and Climate Monitoring Project as part of this programme Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
I64 i Activities Pacific Region Through its aid programme, supports the Enhanced Application of Climate Predictions in Pacific Island Countries Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
I65 i Activities Various Supports, through the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, collaborative research and development projects between Australian and developing country organizations Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 96
I66 i Activities Australia O Developed planning methods for sustainable management in the area of forestry in Papua New Guinea , page 96
I67 i Activities Australia O Involved in various agricultural activities aimed at minimizing greenhouse gas production , page 96
I68 i Activities Australia O Implemented a seasonal climate forecasting project in India, Indonesia and Zimbabwe , page 96
I69 i Activities Asia-Pacific Provides technical advice and assistance to Asia-Pacific countries to build capacity for climate change research Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 96
I70 i Activities Asia-Pacific Provides technical advice and assistance to Asia-Pacific countries to improve climate data management and monitoring capabilities Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 116
I71 i Activities Pacific Island Region Participates in Pacific Island Global Climate Observing System initiative and funded a project to enhance the use and application of season climate predictions in 9 Pacific Island countries Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 116
I72 i Activities Pacific Region Funded the development of seasonal climate forecasting services in several Pacific Island countries Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 116
I73 i Activities South Pacific Funds the South Pacific Sea Level and Climate Monitoring Project, which monitors sea level at 11 sites in the Pacific and includes capacity building and awareness raising Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 116
I74 i Activities Pacific & South-East Asia Provides training and capacity building to Pacific and South-East Asian countries on climate data management and data rescue aspects of the Global Climate Observing System Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 117
I75 i Activities Papua New Guinea In 2004 - 2005, funded and implemented the rehabilitation of the Port Moresby GUAN station in Papua New Guinea and provided consumables to run the station for one year Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 117
I76 i Activities South Pacific Currently implementing the Radio and Internet (RANET) Feasibility Study project which is aimed at improving the communications infrastructure in the South Pacific Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 117
I77 i Activities Belgium Spent EUR 11.7 million in 2003 and EUR 7.6 million in 2004 on capacity building in agriculture and forestry, about 25% of which included a climate change component[see also (h)ii above]; Financing Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
I78 i Activities Various including Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Mexico, Bangladesh and the SADC region Provides technical and scientific support for the establishment and operation of hydrologic observing systems in developing countries and has supported projects under a joint Jordan, Israel and Palestinian initiative, in the SADC region, in Mexico and in Bangladesh Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 204-205
I79 i Activities Albania, Former Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Bulgaria Has provided funding and technical assistance for the establishment and operation of a network of monitoring stations for shared rivers Financing Greece 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 160
I80 i Activities Asia Carries out joint research on global environment measuring technologies in Asia Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 248
I81 i Activities Asia-Pacific Is promoting the establishment of a strategic environment monitoring system in the Asian-Pacific region Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 248
I82 i Activities South Africa & Namibia Provided funding for climate change-related capacity building activities, including assistance to develop monitoring systems for air pollution Financing Norway's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 79
I83 i Activities Cape Verde & Sao Tome and Principe Has approved regional climate monitoring and research projects with Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe, as part of the programme of the Portuguese Speaking Countries Climate Change Network Activity Portugal's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 125
I84 i Activities Latin America Contributed to the International Research Centre "El-Nino" in 2006 and 2007 Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 48
I85 i Activities Africa Contributed to the African Centre of Meteorological Application for Development in 2006 and 2007 Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 49
I86 i Activities Various Funded the development of a portable regional climate model and funds its application and use by developing countries Financing The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 88-90
I87 i Activities Congo Basin The Central African Regional Program for the Environment, an initiative of the US government, is aimed at promoting sustainable natural resource management in the Congo Basin Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 10-11
I88 i Activities Central America Supports the SERVIR: An Earth Observation, Monitoring and Visualisation System Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 11
J - Development and transfer of technology
J03 j General The Gambia Require capacity building to promote widespread dissemination, application and development of environmentally sound technologies and know-how Need Initial National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 137
J03 j General Tanzania Capacity building, financial and other assistance is required for technological development, including to strengthen of national capacity to manage technology and technological change, to establish and strengthen linkages between research and development institutions, academia and the productive sectors' activities and to identify technology financing and investment options Need United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 68
J01 j General China The transfer of environmentally sound technologies in certain areas and sectors is needed to facilitate environmentally friendly economic development, to enable China to adapt to the impacts of climate change and to facilitate climate system observation in China[see also (g)5 and (i)11]; Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), pages 150-154
J04 j General India Low-cost, compatible and climate-friendly technologies are needed to help reduce the vulnerability of the population to the adverse effects of climate change Need India's Initial National Communication (2004), page 229
J08 j Assessment Sierra Leone Requires to undertake a technology needs assessment, establish an efficient information system to support technology transfer and also requires capacity building to promote the dissemination, application and development of environmentally sound technologies and know-how Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 141-142
J10 j Assessment Solomon Islands Require financial and technical assistance, training and capacity building to identify and assess appropriate mitigation and adaptation technologies, including information and analysis of constraints to technology transfer Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 40
J11 j Sectoral Suriname Appropriate technology and know-how are required, particularly in the forestry sector, for increasing or maintaining carbon sinks Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 80
J09 j Sectoral Solomon Islands The transfer of environmentally sound technologies and know-how is required, to assist the country in the implementation of the Convention, especially in the energy and transportation sectors Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 13
J05 j Sectoral Iran Development and transfer of more efficient environmentally friendly technologies is required in the transport and industry sectors Need Islamic Republic of Iran Initial National Communication (2003), pages 116-118
J02 j Sectoral Democratic People's Republic of Korea Assistance is required for the introduction into the country of clean coal technology Need DPRK's First National Communication (2000), page 60
J07 j CDM Saudi Arabia Requires the transfer of technology into residual gasification through the CDM, to help produce environmentally friendly power Need First National Communication of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2005), page 130
J06 j Activities Republic of Korea Leads the "KOICA Training Programme on Energy Conservation & Utilisation Efficiency" and participates in the "Climate Technology Partnership - Korea", aimed at promoting the transfer of technologies related to energy conservation and efficiency and GHG reductions Activity Second National Communication of the Republic of Korea (2003), pages 94-97
J13 j Activities SADC Participates in the SADC Climate Technology Initiative Needs Assessment, which aims to facilitate the implementation of Article 4.5 of the Convention on technology transfer Activity Republic of Zambia Initial National Communication (2002), pages 72-73
J14 j Activities Australia Has provided $A 119 million since 2002 through its overseas aid programme, which has been aimed at transferring soft technology and hardware, for sustainable development and adaptation activities[See also (a)3]; Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 90
J15 j Activities Australia Through its overseas aid programme, helps partner countries gain access to clean technologies Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
J16 j Activities Laos Houaphan micro-hydropower project in Laos Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
J17 j Activities Cook Islands Aitutaki wind energy monitoring station in the Cook Islands Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
J18 j Activities Sri Lanka Sri Lanka solar homes systems monitoring project Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 93
J19 j Activities ASEAN Contributed $A 4 million to the Energy from Biomass Project which provided assistance to ASEAN countries Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 94
J20 j Activities Indonesia Provided $A 21 million to the Bapedal East Java Pollution Control Implementation Project in Indonesia Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 94
J21 j Activities Asia-Pacific Participates in the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate which inter alia seeks to promote technology transfer Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 95
J22 j Activities Ethiopia Provided US$ 2.5 million funding for the integrated livestock development project in North Gondar, Ethiopia, which involves the transfer of know-how relating to manure management and biogas Financing 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), page 150
J23 j Activities Cuba Funded 2 renewable energy projects in Cuba in 2001-2005 with a budget of EUR 198,000 Financing Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
J24 j Activities Zimbabwe Funded a renewable energy project in Zimbabwe in 2002-2005 with a budget of EUR 99,000 Financing Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
J25 j Activities Congo Funding a renewable energy project in Congo, from 2004-2006, with a budge of EUR 99,000 Financing Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
J26 j Activities South Africa, Chile Implementing 2 projects in sustainable agriculture and livestock in South Africa and Chile Activity Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
J27 j Activities Belgium Implementing small water projects in different parts of the world Activity Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 108
J28 j Activities Chile, Rwanda Supports eco-clubs in Chile and environmental projects in Rwanda Activity Belgium's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2006), page 109
J29 j Activities Various Initiated and supports the Technology Early Action Measures Program, which aims to identify, develop and support clean energy and GHG reducing technology solutions. The Program, working with other programs, has supported 17 international projects in 15 countries, with contributions of C$16.4 million, since 1998 Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 175-176
J30 j Activities Canada O Will contribute C$3.6 million to the Natural Gas Vehicle Flagship Project in India;
J31 j Activities Canada O Contributed C$0.8 million to the Multiple Benefits from Landfill Gas project in Brazil;
J32 j Activities Canada O Contributed C$3.3 million to the Automation of Photovoltaic Manufacturing in China: Joint Canada-China Venture, Canadian Solar Inc.;
J33 j Activities Canada Invested C$9.75 million in the Canadian International Technology Initiative which aims inter alia to identify and develop climate change technology transfer projects overseas, including in developing projects Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 177-178
J34 j Activities Various including India, China and Nepal The mandate of the CANMET Energy Technology Centre is to develop and demonstrate clean energy technologies and processes and its activities have for example, facilitated technology transfer to India, China and Nepal Activity Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 178-179
J35 j Activities China Has signed MOUs with various Chinese agencies, aimed inter alia at facilitating transfer of clean technologies Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 180-181
J36 j Activities Mozambique, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Nepal and Malaysia Supports various energy sector programmes, which lead to the transfer of hard and soft technology Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 229
J37 j Activities Botswana Providing DKK 13.7 million for the project "development of building regulations concerning energy consumption in Botswana" Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 362
J38 j Activities Malaysia Providing DKK 12.9 million for the project "demand side management, Malaysia's Energy Commission" Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 363
J39 j Activities Malaysia Providing DKK 31.8 million for the project "renewable energy and making energy more efficient in Malaysia"[see (b)4]; Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 363
J40 j Activities Mozambique Providing DKK 465 million for the project "sector programme assistance for the energy sector in Mozambique" Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 364
J41 j Activities Thailand Providing DKK 9.7 million for the project "promotion of renewable energy technologies" Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 365
J42 j Activities China The EU-China partnership on climate change promotes technical cooperation on a number of energy technologies Activity Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), page 126
J43 j Activities Various Funding various projects which contribute to technology transfer Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), pages 131-139
J44 j Activities Various Has specific programmes and financial arrangements to transfer clean technologies to developing countries and participates in several bilateral projects which include technology transfer Financing Finland's Report on Demonstrable Progress under the Kyoto Protocol (2006), pages 48-49
J45 j Activities Finland Has contributed a total of about EUR 16.5 million during the last 10 years, to projects concerning meteorological technology transfer and education/training Financing Finland's Report on Demonstrable Progress under the Kyoto Protocol (2006), page 49
J46 j Activities Japan Established and funds training courses aimed at enabling developing countries to create the necessary technology to develop national GHG inventories and formulate mitigation strategies. 205.41 million yen was committed in 1997-2004[see also (e)1 and (h)5]; Financing Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), pages 214 & 235
J47 j Activities The Netherlands Contributes to the development and transfer of technology to developing countries and Central and Eastern European countries through the Programme for Cooperation with Emerging Markets Activity Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 105
J48 j Activities The Netherlands Supports several national and international initiatives aimed at encouraging the private sector to invest in environmentally sound technology projects, such as the Solar Investment Fund Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 105
J49 j Activities Global Providing EUR 0.5 million for the project "co-operative programme on water and climate: bridging water and climate for development" (2004-2008) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 179
J50 j Activities Bolivia Provided EUR 1.5 million for the project "biomass gasification for unit for sustainable energy" (2004-2006) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 179
J51 j Activities The Netherlands Provided EUR 611,000 for the project "introduction of energy efficient mobile cascade boiler systems for heating purposes" (2003-2004) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), pages 179-180
J52 j Activities The Netherlands Provided EUR 780,000 for the project "efficient production of charcoal in Russia for industrial and domestic applications" (2003-2004) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 180
J53 j Activities Bulgaria Provided EUR 347,000 for the project "production of low cost biomass-fuelled boiler systems for application in public buildings and block heating in Bulgaria" (2003-2005) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 181
J54 j Activities China Providing EUR 5.3 million for the project "promotion of rural renewable energy in western China" (2003-2007) which includes the transfer of clean technology Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 182
J55 j Activities Global The UK-Brazil working group on climate change was launched in 2006 which focuses inter alia on the promotion of low carbon technology globally Activity The UK's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 80
J56 j Activities USA "Powering Health: Electrification Options for Rural Health Centers" is a US resource document for health professionals seeking to electrify health facilities and includes clean technology options Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 11
J57 j Activities India The report "Urban Energy Services Program Sustainable Municipal Energy Services - Evaluation of the "Watergy" Program in India" aimed to provide an independent evaluation of the Watergy programme. The Watergy concept is used to describe the linkages between water and energy in the context of municipal water utilities Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 11-12
J58 j Activities India Through energy efficiency improviements, the GHG Pollution Prevention Project activities improved the heat rate of India's coal-fired power plants, implemented sugar mill biomass co-generation projects and lead to the creation of the Center for Power Efficiency and Environmental Protection Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 12
J59 j Activities India The Energy Conservation and Commercialization Project aims at increased energy efficiency Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 12
J60 j Activities India The Trade in Environmental Services and Technologies/Clean Technologies Initiative project inter alia co-finances clean technology demonstration projects with the Indian industry and promotes public-private clean technologies partnerships Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 12
J61 j Activities Brazil The Brazil Energy Capacity Building Program aims at mitigating climate change by promoting clean energy generation and technology use Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 13
K - Improved decision-making, including assistance for participation in international negotiations
K01 k General Antigua and Barbuda Require further capacity building, particularly for decision and policy makers Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 54-55
K11 k General South Africa Requires assistance to represent national positions and interest in international negotiations, and needs include provision of negotiation skills, policy synthesis capacity, increased understanding of and expertise in climate change issues, etc. Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), page 52
K12 k General Tanzania Requires financial assistance and capacity building to facilitate training in climate related subjects, including negotiating Need United Republic of Tanzania Initial National Communication (2003), page 68
K03 k Policy formulation The Bahamas Requires assistance to develop the necessary skills for policy formulation and implementation Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 69
K04 k Policy formulation The Bahamas Requires training and support to formulate policy and legislation for integrated coastal zone and marine management Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 85
K02 k Negotiation unit The Bahamas Requires capacity building to develop further international negotiating skills, through establishing a negotiating unit Need Commonwealth of the Bahamas First National Communication on Climate Change (2001), page 69
K05 k Activities China The Sino-British Cooperation Project on Climate Change provided support for the compilation of training material and the conduct of training courses for provincial decision makers Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 140
K06 k Activities The Gambia Received some training in negotiating skills through side events organised at the 12th subsidiary bodies meeting (SB12) in Lyon in 2000 Activity First National Communication of the republic of The Gambia (2003), page 134
K07 k Activities Miombo Network Received support from the Miombo Network in 2005 for two delegates to attend COP 11 in Canada Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), pages 1-2
K08 k Activities Malawi Participation in regional and international forums and continued dialogue enhance capacities to implement the Convention and resources should be provided for this Lessons learned Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), pages 3-4
K09 k Activities Malawi Large delegations are ideal at conferences and meetings of parties and subsidiary bodies to avoid fatigue Lessons learned Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 3
K10 k Activities Sierra Leone Benefited from limited training in negotiation skills through side events organised at the meetings of the subsidiary bodies Activity Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 139
K13 k Activities ASEAN Contributed $A 5.9 million to the Energy Policy and Systems Analysis Project, funded through ASEAN-Australia Economic Cooperation Programme, aimed at policy-makers and planners Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 94
K14 k Activities Indonesia Provided $A 9 million over 5 years to the Bapedal Regional Denpasar Project in Indonesia aimed inter alia at promoting good environmental governance Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 94
K15 k Activities Pacific Region Contributed to and participated in the Pacific Negotiators Forum Activity Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 125
K16 k Activities Canada Contributed C$1 million to the IISD for the Adaptive Policymaking for Agriculture and Water Resources project, which helps to assess the effect and effectiveness of adaptive policies, in order to facilitate and support future policymaking[see also (f)6]; Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), page 174
K17 k Activities Various Implementing the Climate Change Capacity Development programme in several countries, the second phase of which is aimed inter alia at developing national and regional expertise in international climate change negotiations Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 5
K18 k Activities Finland Provides support to developing countries to attend and participate in climate change-related international processes and meetings Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 17
K19 k Activities Portugal Supported the participation of the Portuguese Speaking African Countries delegations at COP 11/COP/MOP 1/SB/23, as part of the programme of the Portuguese Speaking Countries Climate Change Network Portugal's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 125
K20 k Activities Peru The STEM project aims to strengthen environmental management by the public and private sectors in Peru Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 13
K21 k Activities Thailand Under the CityLinks: A Best Practices Case Study: Thailand project, three Thai cities and an American city, entered into a CityLinks partnership in 2003, aimed to increase their capacity to manage climate change efficiently and the lessons learned focus on project size, initial stakeholder analysis and people selection Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), pages 13-14
L - Clean development mechanism
L07 l General Solomon Islands Require capacity building for various activities under the CDM including the establishment of institutional linkages, project formulation and identification, the project cycle, development of baselines, assessments of costs and risks and acquisition of information and data Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 40
L02 l Activities China Participated in the "Country Study on Methodology and Application of Clean Development Mechanism" financed by the World Bank, Switzerland, Germany and Italy Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
L03 l Activities China Participated in the "Joint Project for Capacity Building for Clean Development Mechanism" financed by UNDP, the United Nations Fund, Norway and Italy Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
L04 l Activities China Participated in "Research on Opportunities for Clean Development Mechanism in the Energy Sector" financed by the Asian Development Bank Activity The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), page 136
L05 l Activities The Gambia The UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy and Environment funded two training workshops aimed at enhancing the capacity of the National Climate Committee to analyse and evaluate CDM projects and activities Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 124, 130-131
L06 l Activities The Gambia A CDM office was established with the assistance of the UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy and Environment Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), page 134
L08 l Activities Uruguay Received support from the World Bank, the Canadian Government and the International Development Research Centre to conduct the National Strategy Study for the Application of the CDM in Uruguay Activity Uruguay Second National Communication Executive Summary (2004), page 27
L09 l Activities Various including Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam Contributed over US$ 2.9 million to the now-concluded World Bank National Strategy Studies programme, which aimed at enhancing CDM understanding and capacity. Part of the funding provided was used to assist Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam to develop national strategies. Upon conclusion of the programme, the leftover funds were rolled into the World Bank's Carbon Finance Assist programme Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page 91
L10 l Activities Bhutan Is supporting capacity building and preparation of CDM documents for a hydropower plant in Bhutan 4th National Communication of the Austrian Federal Government (2006), page 147
L11 l Activities Mexico, South Africa, Vietnam Funding the project "support for the development and uptake of CDM projects in the industrial sector" Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 11
L12 l Activities Canada Contributed C$44,500 to the IISD to convene and support an international task force to explore how to improve the CDM Financing Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), page 175
L13 l Activities Canada The Canadian CDM and JI office carries out various activities including supporting capacity building, especially for other DNAs or focal points and CDM awareness raising internationally, and have completed market studies and produced CDM project portfolios for various developing countries Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006), pages 176-177
L14 l Activities Malaysia Providing DKK 31.8 million for the project "renewable energy and making energy more efficient in Malaysia" which inter alia focuses on the implementation of the national CDM action plan[see also (b)4 and (j)24; Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 363
L15 l Activities China, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand The Danish CDM programme (2003-2009) focuses on building the capacity of 5 countries to become active in the CDM Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 12
L16 l Activities China Funding the project "programmatic CDM development in China" (2007-2008) Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 12-13
L17 l Activities Various Contributed EUR 555,530 to the SYNERGY project "planning and strategies for the implementation of CDM of the Kyoto Protocol in Latin America" Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), page 128
L18 l Activities Various Contributed EUR 455,722 to the SYNERGY project "CDM capacity building among the private sector in Africa" Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), page 129
L19 l Activities Various Contributed EUR 317,500 to the SYNERGY project "analysis of viability of the CDM in the Mediterranean area" Financing Fourth National Communication from the European Community (2006), page 130
L20 l Activities China Funding the CDM Facilitation Project in China from 2007 - 2010 Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 2
L21 l Activities China, India, Latin America, West Africa, North Africa, the Caribbean Funded the SYNERGY programme (2003 - 2005) which supported 9 CDM capacity building activities Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 5 - 6
L22 l Activities Kenya, Uganda, Bolivia, Ecuador Funding the project "environment and community based framework for designing afforestation, reforestation and revegetation projects in the CDM: methodology development and case studies" Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 6
L23 l Activities Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian Authority, Tunisia, Turkey Funding the project "analysis of viability of the CDM in the Mediterranean area" Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 7
L24 l Activities Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Provided EUR 3 million for the Energy and Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007)
L25 l Activities Environmental Partnership with Central America (2005-2006), which inter alia supports the use of the CDM to achieve sustainable development in Central American countries , pages 18-19
L26 l Activities Central Africa Funds the "compensation for forestry carbon capture and CDM in Central Africa" project Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 20
L27 l Activities Non-OECD countries Supports the Facility for Actions Implemented Jointly which provides support for JI/CDM projects Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 20-21
L28 l Activities China Funds the China-France programme for CDM capacity building Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 22
L29 l Activities Germany Funds the Climate Protection Programme for Developing Countries, which provides support for the CDM process in developing countries and for example supported the national CDM strategy studies in Indonesia, China, Colombia, Morocco and Chile (1999-2004) Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 23-24
L30 l Activities India Co-implements (together with the Indian government) the Indo-German CDM Capacity Building Project, which has provided training to many stakeholders and resulted in the initiation about 30 new CDM projects Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 24-25
L31 l Activities China Contributed to the project "study on the methodologies and its application of CDM in China" Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 26-27
L32 l Activities China Supports capacity building within the Sino-Italian Cooperation Programme for Environmental Protection, which has inter alia supported the development of CDM service centres in several provinces of China Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 31-32
L33 l Activities Balkan Region Supports capacity building in the Balkans and for example supported the development of a CDM portfolio for Serbia, Montenegro, Albania and Macedonia EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 32
L34 l Activities Japan Japan's Kyoto Mechanism's Acceleration Programme inter alia supports host country capacity building and holds training seminars and workshops, supports the development of CDM/JI and conducts public information campaigns Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 211
L35 l Activities Japan Carries out a variety of capacity building activities related to CDM afforestation-related projects to help develop the necessary infrastructure Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 213
L36 l Activities Japan Supports capacity building for the promotion of CDM projects in developing countries Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L37 l Activities Indonesia Carrying out inspections to establish the development of quantitative methods for estimating the carbon fixation volume in artificial forests in Indonesia Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L38 l Activities Uruguay Carrying out capacity building activities to promote CDM afforestation in Uruguay Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L39 l Activities The Netherlands Provided EUR 2.2 million to the South African NGO SouthSouthNorth for inter alia CDM capacity building activities Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 102
L40 l Activities The Netherlands Provided EUR 7.6 million from 2003-2005 for the implementation of the CD4CDM programme Financing Fourth Netherlands' National Communication (2005), page 102
L41 l Activities South Africa Supports South Africa's CDM website EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 43
L42 l Activities Norway Provided funds to the Centre for Clean Air Policy for capacity building for CDM project implementation Financing Norway's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 76
L43 l Activities China Supported several initiatives in China including support for capacity building in national and provincial institutions to prepare for engaging in CDM co-operation Activity Norway's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 78
L44 l Activities Mediterranean Basin countries Supports the "Ahazar Programme Advanced Seminars on CDM projects and the development of renewable energies in the Mediterranean region" Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 43-44
L45 l Activities Latin America Supports the FORMA project (2005-2007) which aims to support the development of afforestation/reforestation and bioenergy CDM projects Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 46
L46 l Activities China Contributed CHF 0.8 million to the joint World Bank project "National Strategy Study on the Application of the CDM in China" (2001-2004) Financing Switzerland's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 177
L47 l Activities Africa, Latin America, Asia Implementing the Capacity Development for CDM project Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), pages 1-2, 4-5
L48 l Activities South Africa Supported the project "Development of a Pilot Programmatic CDM Project in South Africa for Energy Efficiency in Industry" Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 50-51
L49 l Activities South Africa Supports the Promoting Access to Carbon Equity Centre (2006-2007), which aims to facilitate the preparation of small-scale renewable energy and energy efficiency small-scale CDM projects Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 53-54
L50 l Activities Nigeria Supports CDM capacity building in Nigeria (2006-2008) with the aim of creating awareness of carbon finance in Nigeria and building the capacity of the Nigerian/West African financial sector to participate in the CDM EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 54
L51 l Activities United Kingdom Supports the programme "Network of CDM Centres of Excellence" Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 55
L52 l Activities China Supports the project "accelerating reductions in GHG emissions from working coal mines" aimed at building capacity to ensure the CDM is used effectively to reduce GHG emissions from China's coal mines Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 56
L53 l Activities China Supports a study on standardised (CDM) baselines for China's electricity generation Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 57
L54 l Activities India Supports the project "mainstreaming CDM opportunities in the Indian finance and insurance sectors Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 58
L55 l Activities India Supports the project "analysis and evaluation of CDM prospects for coal bed methane projects in India Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 59
L56 l Activities Mexico Supports the project "assessing the potential for developing electricity generation and CDM projects in the animal manure management sector in two regions of Mexico Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 61
L57 l Activities Southern Africa, Western Africa Carrying out and planning various capacity building activities under the "Mainstreaming Carbon Finance" programme, through targeted capacity building among banking and financial sectors at the regional level Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 15
L58 l Activities Cambodia Planning various capacity building activities under the East Asia and the Pacific Carbon Finance Assist programme, including the establishment of a Cambodian Carbon Facility Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 21
L59 l Activities Argentina, Mexico Planning various capacity building activities, including the design of carbon facilities in Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 25-26
L128 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Miombo Network Received support from the Miombo Network to establish a DNA Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 2
L129 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Malawi Received technical support in 2005 from Ecosecurities and South-South North to establish a DNA Activity Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 2
L130 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Malawi Requires support and capacity building to operationalise the DNA and adequate staff to support the setting up of appropriate CDM approval procedures Need Malawi's Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol (2007), page 2
L60 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Canada The Canadian CDM and JI office carries out various activities including supporting capacity building, particularly for other DNAs or focal points to increase their capacity to host and evaluate projects [see also (l)4]; Canada's 4th National Report on Climate Change (2006)
L61 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand The Danish CDM programme supported the establishment of DNAs in Malaysia, South Africa and Thailand Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 12
L62 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs China Funding the CDM Facilitation Project in China from 2007 - 2010, which aims to inter alia strengthen the capacity of China's DNA[see also (l)9]; Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 2
L63 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Togo Funding the project "Demonstration Project for 11 African Francophone Countries on the CDM" aimed inter alia at DNA capacity building Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 4
L64 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Africa, Latin America Funds the CDM in forestry and bio-energy project, aimed inter alia at DNA capacity building Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 21
L65 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Tunisia Funds the project "support to the implementation of the UNFCCC in Tunisia" (2006-2009) which inter alia provides capacity building mainly for Tunisia's DNA Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 23
L66 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Ghana, South Africa, Indonesia, Tunisia Funds the Climate Protection Programme for Developing Countries which supported the establishment of the DNA and promotion of the CDM in Ghana, South Africa, Indonesia and Tunisia Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 23-24
L67 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Indonesia Funds institutional capacity building for the CDM in Indonesia (1999-2001), which inter alia supported the establishment of the DNA and the establishment of national approval procedures Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 25-26
L68 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Balkan Region Supports CDM capacity building in the Balkans and for example supported the establishment of DNAs in the Republic of Serbia and Montenegro, Albania and Macedonia[see also (l)24]; EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 32
L69 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Philippines Is implementing projects to enhance the management capacity of the Philippines DNA Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L70 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Argentina Enhancing the capacity of relevant personnel, particularly the DNA through the CDM Capacity Development Project in Argentina Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L71 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Various Assisted several developing countries, for example Algeria, Nigeria and Iran, to develop their DNAs Norway's Fourth National Communication (2005), page 78
L72 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Uruguay Supports the project "DNA strengthening for CDM" (2005) in Uruguay EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 46-47
L73 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Africa, Latin America, Asia Implementing the Capacity Development for CDM project (2002-2008), which inter alia supports the establishment and operationalisation of DNAs[see also (l)38]; Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), pages 1-2, 4-5
L74 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Africa Implementing the project "Using Carbon Finance for Sustainable Energy in Africa" which includes activities such as advising DNAs on relevant approval procedure Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 2
L75 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs South Africa Supports the project "Promotion of Community-Driven CDM in South Africa" (2007-2010) which aims to strengthen the capacity of the DNA inter alia to promote and raise awareness of small-scale CDM opportunities Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 51
L76 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Madagascar, Botswana, Kenya Carrying out various capacity building activities, including DNA strengthening, under the Africa Assist programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 13-14
L77 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Mali Providing institutional support to Mali's DNA under the Carbon Finance - Sustainable Energy for Africa partnership Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 14
L78 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Mozambique, Uganda Planning to carry out various capacity building activities, including DNA strengthening, from the second quarter of 2007, under the Africa Assist programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 14-15
L79 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Lebanon The World Bank has agreed a national programme for Lebanon, which is to include DNA strengthening and CDM projects identification Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 17
L80 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Nepal, Sri Lanka Carrying out DNA capacity strengthening activities under the South Asia Carbon Finance Assist programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 19-20
L81 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Cambodia, Papua New Guinea The East Asia and Pacific Carbon Finance Assist programme aims inter alia to support the establishment and capacity strengthening of DNAs in Cambodia and Papua New Guinea Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 21-22
L82 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Belarus Carrying out various CDM capacity building activities in Europe and Central Asia, aimed inter alia at DNA strengthening Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 23-24
L83 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay Providing technical and other assistance aimed at DNA capacity strengthening Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 25-26
L84 l (a) Institutional capacity-building to assist developing countries in establishing and strengthening DNAs Central America Planning to provide technical assistance to 4 - 6 countries in Central America to inter alia strengthen the capacity of their DNAs Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 26
L131 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle The Gambia The UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy and Environment funded two training workshops on the CDM, where members of the National Climate Committee were introduced to the CDM project cycle[see l(5)]; Activity First National Communication of the Republic of The Gambia (2003), pages 130-131
L85 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Various Contributed over US$ 2.9 million to the now-concluded World Bank National Strategy Studies programme, which aimed at enhancing CDM understanding and capacity. Part of the funding provided was used to assist Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam to develop national strategies. Upon conclusion of the programme, the leftover funds were rolled into the World Bank's Carbon Finance Assist programme[see also (l)1 on the CDM); Financing Australia's 4th National Communication on Climate Change (2005);, page91
L86 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Albania The Austrian project "capacity building to access carbon finance in Albania" aims inter alia at building public and private sector capacity to acess carbon finance including through the CDM Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 10
L87 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Bhutan Supporting the government of Bhutan in CDM hydropower development through providing training for feasibility and baseline studies Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 10
L88 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand The Danish CDM programme provided public and private sector training and project development support in Malaysia, South Africa and Thailand[see also (a)2]; Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 12
L89 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Funds the project "CDM capacity building focusing on biomass projects in China's local provinces" aimed at supporting selected Chinese project developers in the CDM process Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 13
L90 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Funding the CDM Facilitation Project in China from 2007 - 2010, which aims inter alia to increase CDM institutional capacity strengthening, and will for example, policy and regulatory stakeholder training and DOE training[see also (a)2, (l)9]; Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 2
L91 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Togo Funding the project "Demonstration Project for 11 African Francophone Countries on the CDM" aimed inter alia at increasing DNA and private sector capacity in relation to the CDM project cycle and CDM project development Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 4
L92 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Funding the "capacity building on business opportunities for CDM projects in China" project, aimed particularly at building private sector CDM capacity Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 7-8
L93 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Africa, Latin America Funds the CDM in forestry and bio-energy project aimed inter alia at enhancing local CDM expertise and setting up a network of local CDM experts[see also (a)5]; Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 21
L94 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Indonesia Funds institutional capacity building for the CDM in Indonesia (1999-2001), which inter alia supported training of both public and private sector stakeholders, including decision-makers, through workshops and meetings, and also supported attendance at international meetings such as the Carbon-Expo Asia in China in 2006[see also (a)8]; Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 25-26
L95 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Indonesia Supports the project "public private partnership in Indonesia for dissemination of the CDM" (2005-2007) Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 26
L96 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Pakistan Provides support to the Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB), the Energy Conservation Centre and other relevant institutions working to improve access to energy; under this project, a CDM PDD training workshop has been conducted for some AEDB staff and private sector project developers EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 27
L97 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Tunisia Funding the Italo-Tunisian CDM capacity building programme (2007) which provides training on CDM project development issues Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 30-31
L98 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Supports capacity building within the Sino-Italian Cooperation Programme for Environmental Protection, which inter alia aims to strengthen capacity to develop and implement CDM projects[see also (l)23]; Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 31-32
L99 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Africa, Latin America, Asia Implementing the Capacity Development for CDM project which inter alia provides capacity building and training for relevant stakeholders and supports the formulation of a national CDM portfolio[see also (l)38, (a)14]; Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), pages 1-2, 4-5
L100 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Africa Implementing the project "Using Carbon Finance for Sustainable Energy in Africa" which inter alia provides training for various stakeholders and support to undertake various elements of the CDM project cycle[see also (a)15]; Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 2
L101 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Thailand Implementing the Danish-funded project "CDM Capacity Building in Thailand" which aimed at creating awareness about the CDM and its benefits among Thai policymakers Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 3
L102 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Implementing the project "programmatic CDM in China" aimed at building stakeholder capacity to design and implement programmatic CDM projects Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 3
L103 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Co-implementing the project "bioenergy CDM in China" aimed at building the capacity of civil servants and practitioners in provinces to design and implement bioenergy CDM projects Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 3
L104 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China Supports capacity building for the implementation of the CDM in China's Guizhou Province through stakeholder training and capacity building EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 56
L105 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Madagascar, Botswana, Kenya Organising and implementing various capacity building activities, including CDM training and awareness raising activities, for example through workshops and consultations, under the Africa Assist programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 13-14
L106 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Mali Organising CDM training workshops, in collaboration with UNEP RISO and CDCF+ Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 14
L107 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Senegal Organising CDM training workshops for various stakeholders, as part of the implementation of the Japanese-funded Planning and Human Resource Development grant programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 14
L108 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Mozambique, Uganda Planning to carry out capacity building activities from the second quarter of 2007, for example organising training workshops and programmes, under the Africa Assist programme Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 14-15
L109 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Morocco, Tunisia Carrying out capacity building activities aimed at strengthening CDM capacity, improving CDM knowledge and CDM project portfolio development, through various training workshops Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 17-18
L110 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Egypt Organised a CDM workshop in 2006 Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 17-18
L111 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka Carrying out various capacity building activities under the South Asia Carbon Finance Assist programme, for example holding training workshops, aimed inter alia at identifying CDM potential in various sectors Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 19-20
L112 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle China, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea The East Asia and the Pacific Carbon Finance Assist programme is providing capacity building support aimed inter alia at CDM project development and awareness and stakeholder capacity building Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 21-22
L113 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Albania, Macedonia, Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan Carrying out various CDM capacity building activities in Europe and Central Asia, such as organising training workshops and consultations, aimed inter alia at CDM project portfolio development Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 23-24
L114 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Argentina, Mexico, Uruguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Brazil Planning various capacity building activities aimed inter alia at enhancing CDM project development capacity and project portfolio development Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), pages 25-26
L115 l (b) Increasing awareness, training and networking of developing country DNAs, NGOs, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders, particularly for the development of skills relating to the CDM project cycle Central America To provide technical assistance under the Carbon Finance Assist programme to Central American countries, aimed inter alia at developing sector-scoped baselines and project portfolio Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 26
L116 l (c) Supporting and facilitating communication, cooperation and networking between developing country DNAs, and CDM EB, and other CDM actors Chile Is implementing projects aimed at building the capacity of relevant personnel through formulation of CDM afforestation projects in Chile Activity Japan's Fourth National Communication (2006), page 214
L117 l (c) Supporting and facilitating communication, cooperation and networking between developing country DNAs, and CDM EB, and other CDM actors UNEP Co-managing and co-hosting the CDM Bazaar, which offers free exchange of information for CDM stakeholders UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), pages 2-3
L118 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania, Uganda Launched the CDM in Africa initiative, designed to identify CDM projects in 4 priority countries, and providing capacity building as part of the initiative Activity EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 9-10
L119 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Africa Funding the Green CDM Facility in Africa project Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), pages 13-14
L120 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Sub-Saharan Africa Funding the project "CDM for Sustainable Africa: Capacity Building for the CDM in Sub-Saharan African Countries" Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 3
L121 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums South Africa, Zambia, Swaziland, Botswana, Zimbabwe Funding the project "CDM Capacity Building amongst the Private Sector in Africa" Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 3
L122 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Togo Funding the project "Demonstration Project for 11 African Francophone Countries on the CDM" aimed inter alia at increasing DNA and private sector capacity in relation to the CDM project cycle and CDM project development[see also (b)3]; Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 4
L123 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums DR Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia Co-sponsor the UNDP/UNEP regional capacity building project for sub-Saharan Africa (2007-2008) which aims to enhance public and private sector capacity to access carbon finance and to overcome the barriers to a carbon market in sub-Saharan Africa Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 19
L124 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Africa Supports the World Bank Africa Assist programme for the development of CDM projects Financing EC Kyoto Protocol Capacity Building Submission (2007), page 22
L125 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Benin, Cameroon, Gabon, Madagascar, Mali, DR Congo, Senegal Implementing the French-funded project "CDM for Francophone Africa" Activity UNEP's Capacity Building Activities under the Kyoto Protocol Submission (2007), page 2
L126 l (e) Improving geographical distribution, knowing well the difficulties of Africa to attract CDM projects, by supporting the development of CDM projects in LDCs and SIDS, through training, CDM market analysis and forums Africa Launched the Africa Assist programme to address the African region's lack of capacity in the climate change area Activity Carbon Finance Assist Annual Report (2006 - 2007), page 13
L127 l (f) Enhancing capacity to formulate mitigation activities and policies and to integrate them with other policy instruments within the framework of sustainable development; Malaysia Providing DKK 31.8 million for the project "renewable energy and making energy more efficient in Malaysia" which focused inter alia on implementing the national CDM action plan and capacity building to develop and implement climate-friendly national energy plans and policies[see also (b)4, (j)24 and (l)5]; Financing Denmark's Fourth National Communication on Climate Change (2005), page 363
M - Needs arising out of the implementation of Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention
M01 m (f) Enhancing capacity to formulate mitigation activities and policies and to integrate them with other policy instruments within the framework of sustainable development; Antigua and Barbuda There is a need to establish a Caribbean Climate Change Centre to address problems faced by Antigua and Barbuda and other vulnerable SIDS Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 60-61
M02 m (f) Enhancing capacity to formulate mitigation activities and policies and to integrate them with other policy instruments within the framework of sustainable development; Saudi Arabia Require assistance to diverse its economy away from reliance on fossil fuel revenues, through various measures such as transfer of cost effective technology for power generation and provision of water resources, investment etc. Need First National Communication of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2005), pages 121-132
M03 m (f) Enhancing capacity to formulate mitigation activities and policies and to integrate them with other policy instruments within the framework of sustainable development; Mali Collaborated with the Malian Ministry of the Environment on the Buildings in both Public and Private Sector project aimed at improving Malian capacity to address environmental issues in development and use environmental impact as a sustainable development tool Activity United States Submission on Capacity Building under the Convention (2007), page 14
N - Education, training and public awareness
N77 n General South Africa Require capacity building in the identified areas in order to provide climate change-related education, training and public awareness Need South Africa's Initial National Communication (2000), pages 52 & 94
N94 n General Suriname There is a need for more training, research and public awareness, particularly in the areas identified Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), page 80
N54 n General Pakistan Financial and technical assistance is required to provide training to relevant stakeholders on climate change issues, promote stakeholder participation, raise public awareness and incorporate climate change issues into national formal education systems Need Pakistan's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2003), page 74
N49 n Centralization Nigeria National committees are required to collate and disseminate educational materials on climate change issues Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 98
N117 n Centralization Viet Nam The establishment of institutions specialising in climate change research is required in order to improve and strengthen climate change training Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication(2003), page 84
N01 n Awareness Albania There is a lack of awareness of climate change issues, even amongst policy makers, who do not have a good understanding of climate change issues including implications, potential benefits of response measures, etc. Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 122
N10 n Awareness Antigua and Barbuda There is still insufficient public awareness of climate change issues and the country requires assistance with various activities aimed at enhancing public awareness and information exchange Need Antigua and Barbuda's Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2001), pages 53 and 57
N44 n Awareness Mozambique Require assistance to create awareness of climate change issues among the public Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), page 108
N45 n Awareness Mozambique The Inter-Institutional National Climate Change Group requires support to disseminate national activities and other relevant information to the community[see also (b)ix]; Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), page 108
N51 n Awareness Nigeria Has developed a project aimed at creating public awareness of climate change Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 110
N84 n Awareness Sudan An outreach and training programme should be developed to strengthen national consensus for climate change action and should have the components identified Need Sudan's First National Communication Volume I (2003), page 86
N102 n Awareness Tonga There is a need for public awareness and understanding of climate change and its potential impacts on marine resources, agriculture, forestry, human health, the livelihood of people, etc. Need The Kingdom of Tonga's Initial National Communication (2005), pages 103-107
N75 n Awareness Solomon Islands Lack sufficient financial resources and trained personnel to conduct public awareness and education programmes and campaigns Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 39
N27 n Awareness Comoros There is a need to raise public awareness of climate change impacts and adaptation Need Union des Comores Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2002), page 10
N116 n Awareness Viet Nam Intend to strengthen educational and training activities to enhance public awareness of the environment and climate change Need Viet Nam Initial National Communication(2003), page 84
N03 n Education Albania The level of education on climate change issues is low and there is limited integration into school curricula. Some progress has however been made, firstly through the EU-funded PHARE program, which includes some elements on climate change. Other attempts at improving environmental education have also been made Need First National Communication of Albania (2002), page 123
N50 n Education Nigeria There is a need to introduce or expand the coverage of climate change studies into primary, secondary and tertiary education curricula Need Nigeria's First National Communication (2003), page 98
N64 n Education Rwanda The permanent informal education programmes within the country are required to be extended to include training on climate change and its effects Need Republic of Rwanda Initial National Communication (2005), page 69
N63 n Education Rwanda Climate change education is required to be integrated into formal education through various means including mass media and supporting youth associations, etc. Need Republic of Rwanda Initial National Communication (2005), page 67
N76 n Education Solomon Islands Require financial assistance to implement the project "curriculum development for climate change", aimed at the formal education sector and for other public awareness and education programmes Need Solomon Islands Initial National Communication (2004), page 42
N72 n Education Sierra Leone Require technical, technological and financial support to enhance climate change education and awareness at all levels of society, particularly in schools, including providing educational materials and extensive training Need Initial National Communication of Sierra Leone (2007), page 147
N91 n Education Suriname The Climate Change Steering Committee will commit to increased public awareness, education and outreach programmes, and several activities have been identified, including provision of climate change educational material, including climate change education in the environmental curriculum of schools, etc. Need Republic of Suriname First National Communication (2005), pages 75-76
N16 n Training for specialists Bahrain Training is required for Bahraini professionals and other workers in order to increase their technical capacity to implement mitigation options, particularly demand side management programmes Need Bahrain's Initial Communications to the UNFCCC (2005), page 28
N26 n Training for specialists China Requires financial and technological support to provide training for specialists involved in GHG inventory preparation, including training on data collection[see (e)xiv] ; Need The People's Republic of China Initial National Communication on Climate Change (2004), pages 148-149
N29 n Training for specialists Fiji Training is required in design, installation, operation and maintenance of renewable energy systems and business management and marketing strategy, to increase the use of renewable energy resources Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 53
N30 n Training for specialists Fiji Training in vulnerability and adaptation assessments, integrated coastal management systems and technology transfer and assimilation is required Need Fiji's Initial National Communication (2005), page 55
N42 n Training for specialists Mexico Capacity building and assistance is required to train professionals within the institutions that make up the Inter Ministerial Commission on Climate Change Need Mexico's Third National Communication (2006), pages 39-40
N43 n Training for specialists Mozambique Requires support to conduct technical and technological training for the implementation of the convention, including for developing vulnerability and adaptation studies, compiling GHG inventories, negotiating and conducting technology needs assessments Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003), pages 107-108
N46 n Training for specialists Mozambique Require assistance to provide technical training in various areas, including vulnerability and adaptation assessment Need Mozambique Initial National Communication (2003)
N47