NEGOTIATIONS
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PROCESS
KEY STEPS
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Compendium on methods and tools to evaluate impacts of, and vulnerability and adaptation to, climate
change
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Comprehensive Hazard and Risk Management (CHARM)
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Description
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CHARM is defined as a comprehensive hazard and risk management tool for use within an integrated
national development planning process. It aims to facilitate greater collaboration between risk
reduction projects at all levels (though mostly at the national level with participation from
stakeholders for decision-making) and across sectors to enhance sustainable development. CHARM
takes all hazards into account across the whole country.
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Appropriate Use
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This tool can be used for mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into ongoing national development
planning processes. It aims to address all hazards including natural and human-induced, and also to
help identify measures that can be implemented in all phases of disaster management (prevention,
preparedness, response, and recovery). The emphasis is on bringing a wide range of stakeholders
together for risk reduction to enhance effectiveness of the combined efforts.
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Scope
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National Level
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Key Output
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The immediate output of the CHARM process is to develop a matrix summarizing national risks and
risk reduction measures (or “treatment options”) that considers the activities of all
agencies. Planners then target the gaps identified in the matrix.
Step 1 – Context established;
Step 2 – Risks identified;
Step 3 – Risks analyzed;
Step 4 – Risks evaluated;
Step 5 – Risks treated and results evaluated.
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Key Input
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Step 1 – Identification of national development priorities, organizational issues, and initial
risk evaluation criteria;
Step 2 – Identification of hazard, vulnerable sectors, and impacts;
Step 3 – Assessment of risks with stakeholders based on agreed indicators, such as frequency of
hazards, potential impacts, etc.;
Step 4 – Determination of acceptable levels of risks and priorities for action;
Step 5 – Selection of risk reduction measures; assignment of roles and responsibilities for all
partners; evaluation against agreed criteria.
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Ease of Use
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Readily usable by those with experience in policy analysis, developing work plans, and inter-agency
planning.
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Training Required
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Knowledge of tools for each step is needed (e.g. to rank development challenges, develop budgets).
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Training Available
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Training is available through broad stakeholder consultation workshops involving both national and
regional stakeholders. SOPAC has also developed a manual.
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Computer Requirements
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Word processing and spreadsheets.
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Documentation
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SOPAC. 2001. Comprehensive Hazard Risk Management Regional Guidelines for Pacific Island Countries.
Suva: South Pacific Applied Geosciences Commission. Guideline and manual available in print or on CD.
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Applications
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CHARM has been used for planning in Palau, Kiribati, Vanuatu, Fiji, and Tonga, and it has also been
aligned to the Joint Australia-New Zealand Risk Management Standard.
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Contacts for Framework, Documentation, Technical Assistance
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Atu Kaloumaira, Community Risk Programme Advisor; SOPAC Secretariat, Private Mail Bag, GPO, Suva,
Fiji Islands; Tel: +679.338.1377;
Fax: +679. 3370040, e-mail: atu@sopac.org.
Noud Leenders, Community Risk Management Advisor; SOPAC Secretariat, Private Mail Bag, GPO, Suva,
Fiji Islands; Tel: +679.338.1377;
Fax: +679. 3370040, e-mail: noud@sopac.org.
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Cost
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Free
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References
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See Documentation
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